粉细砂地层条件下声频振动注浆的试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

马成伟  王贵和  肖晓阳  王瑜  刘宝林 《探矿工程》2017,44(3):58-64

粉细砂地层加固处理工作一直是工程界研究的重点课题,采用传统注浆工法很难达到预期效果。针对此种情况,近年来提出振动注浆法,然而目前的振动注浆模拟试验与实际工况有较大出入,故创新设计了试验装置,可以满足自由调控振动频率,且振动效果与实际工况接近。通过室内静压注浆试验及声频振动注浆试验,对比注浆效果,得出以下结论：压力相同条件下,相比静压注浆,振动注浆可以有效增大注浆量且加固效果更优;振动频率的适当增加可以有效加快注浆速度,增大注浆量,这对于工期紧张的工程具有一定的实际意义,但频率过高并非完全有利于注浆效果,要根据实际工国家自然科学基金面上项目“声频振动钻进系统共振机理及能量传递规律研究”（编号：41672366）;北京市优秀人才项目“声频振动钻进工艺技术研究”（编号：2013D009015000002）况选择最优注浆频率;高频振动下,振动时间的延长对注浆效果的增益较小。  相似文献   

长江口咸潮入侵扩散响应函数及初步应用          下载免费PDF全文

陈敏建  胡雅杰  马静  闫龙  周飞  汪勇 《水科学进展》2017,28(2):203-212

咸潮入侵是入海径流和潮汐共同作用的盐度扩散过程。以量能累积与阻抗交互作用过程为理论基础,采用逻辑推理和数学分析推导了入海流量、潮差和咸潮入侵面积三者扩散响应的函数关系和曲线型态,并利用长江口近50年枯季入海流量、潮差和咸潮入侵面积进行了实证分析。结果表明,在一定入海流量条件下潮差与咸潮入侵面积关系具有S型曲线特征,入海流量与咸潮入侵最大面积关系也具有S型曲线特征,共同构成一个三维咸潮入侵扩散响应函数;长江口近50年的实测数据实证了上述三维关系特征,据此构建了双曲正切的S型长江口咸潮入侵扩散响应函数,并阐述了参数定值与量化方法;以此函数为基础,分析确定了长江口入海流量大于10 000 m3/s时可抵御大规模咸潮入侵,同时计算了2001-2012年咸潮入侵损失。  相似文献   

高塌落度防渗墙填料扩散系数快速测定的透析试验     

张文杰  楼晓红  高佳雯 《岩土力学》2018,39(2):523-528

扩散是低渗透系数情况下溶质迁移的主要方式,目前尚没有测定高塌落度防渗墙填料扩散系数的试验方法。根据沥出试验原理,将处于流动状态的填料用半透膜包裹进行透析试验,通过有限圆柱中溶质迁移解析解对溶质迁移过程进行拟合求其扩散系数,探讨了试验和数据处理的相关问题,研究了膨润土含量和盐浴浓度对扩散系数的影响规律。结果表明,随拟合天数增加,填料中NaCl有效扩散系数减小,而误差增大;高塌落度填料中溶质迁移明显比压实土样中快,按拟合误差小于0.5%作为试验数据取舍依据,这一误差要求实际上是对溶质迁移以扩散为主导这一条件的量化,保证了采用纯扩散解析解进行数据拟合的合理性;扩散系数随填料中膨润土含量增加而减小,随盐浴浓度增加而减小,但在试验范围内数值变化不大,透析试验是快速测定防渗墙填料中溶质有效扩散系数的可行方法。  相似文献   

Early Cooling History of Eclogites from the Dabie-Sulu Orogen: Constraints from Diffusion Kinetics of Garnet   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

CHEN Daogong  CHENG Hao School of Earth  Space Sciences  University of Science  Technology of Chin  Hefei  Anhui  School of Ocean  Earth Science  Tongji University  Shanghai 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3)

For the first time, we apply different geospeedometric models to garnet zoning patterns that were obtained in this study from detailed EMP analyses for garnets from eclogites and granulite in the Dabie-Sulu orogen. Various zonings of cation diffusion were preserved in the garnets, enabling the acquirement of average cooling rates for the high-to ultrahigh-pressure rocks without using geochronological approaches. The coesite-bearing hot eclogites yield fast cooling rates of about 20 to 30℃/Ma subsequent to peak metamorphic temperatures, whereas the cold eclogite gives a relatively slow cooling rate of 8℃/Ma at its initial exhumation. A very slow cooling rate of <0.3℃/Ma is obtained for the granulite at Huangtuling, suggesting that the granulite may not be involved in the continental deep subduction.  相似文献   

辽东湾地区大气边界层扩散特征探讨     

杨洪斌  马雁军 《高原气象》2004,23(1):123-126

利用辽东湾地区近地层三轴风速仪资料,分别计算了不同稳定度下的大气扩散参数及湍流强度。并对不同情况下的大气扩散参数及湍流强度进行了比较。结果表明,在地形相对平坦的辽东湾地区,在不同的稳定度下,σy和σx值均略大于同级Briggs公式的计算值,但小于地形相对复杂的本溪地区。在不稳定条件(C、B类)下,湍强值最大。  相似文献   

贵州主要岩石地层热物性参数特征及影响因素分析     

宋小庆  江明  彭钦  熊沛文 《地质学报》2019,93(8):2092-2103

岩石热物性是地表、地球内部温度分布及热传递研究不可缺少的参数,贵州乃至西南地区均尚未开展过系统性、区域性的岩石热物性参数研究工作。为给贵州及相邻区域开展地热、油气成藏以及岩土工程等研究工作提供依据和参考,本次采集了贵州主要地层的14种岩类,共计433件岩石样品,并进行热导率、比热容及热扩散率的测试,分析了不同岩石的热物性参数特征及影响因素。研究表明：贵州地区岩石热导率的实测平均值在1. 516±0. 264~5. 066±0. 521W/(m·K)之间,比热容的实测平均值在0. 272±0. 042~0. 603±0. 096kJ/(kg·℃)之间,热扩散系数的实测平均值在0. 752±0. 331~2. 854±0. 368mm2/s之间。区内岩石热物性与其矿物成分、结构、含水量等因素有关,其中,岩石年龄越老,热导率和热扩散系数越高;岩石的热导率和热扩散系数与高热导率矿物含量存在正相关关系,而比热容则相反;随着岩石中矿物颗粒粒度的增大,岩石热导率和热扩散系数也随之增加,而比热容与矿物颗粒粒度的关系则不明显;含水量对岩石的热物性影响较大,饱水条件下岩石的热导率比干燥条件下的热导率增加幅度在2%~17%,热扩散系数增加的幅度集中在1%~16%,而比热容则减少,减少幅度在3. 08%~21. 79%。  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1987,39(1):94-129

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.  相似文献   

An empirical estimate of the diffusion rate of oxygen in diopside     

Z. D. SHARP  G. R. T. JENKIN 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1994,12(1):89-97

The intracrystalline diffusion rate of oxygen in diopside was constrained based on natural isotopic variations from a granulite facies marble from Cascade Slide, Adirondacks (New York, USA). The oxygen isotope compositions of the diopsides, measured as a function of grain size, are nearly constant (20.9 ± 0.3‰ vs. SMOW) over the entire measured size range (0.3–3.2 mm diameter). The δ¹⁸O values of the cores of calcite grains are 23.0‰. Temperature estimates based on the Δ¹⁸O(calcite-diopside) are 800d?C, in agreement with the highest previous thermometric estimates for these rocks. The lack of isotopic variation in the diopsides as a function of grain size requires that the oxygen intracrystalline diffusion rate in diopside from the Adirondack samples was very slow. The maximum diffusion rates (D_800d?C parallel to the c-axis) were calculated with an infinite reservoir model (IRM) and a finite reservoir model (FRM) that incorporates mineral modal abundances and initial isotopic variations. For an assumed activation energy (Q) = 100 kJ/mol, the IRM diffusion rate estimate of 1.6 times 10^-20cm²/s is two orders of magnitude faster than from the FRM; at Q=500kJ/mol, the D_800d?C estimate for both methods is c. 5.6 times 10^-20 cm²/s. The present results require that a hydrothermal fluid significantly enhances the diffusion rate of oxygen in diopside if previous data are correct. The δ¹⁸O(SMOW) and δ¹³C(PDB) values of the calcite, measured in situ with a CO₂ laser, are 22.9 ± 0.3, 0.1±0.3‰ in the grain cores, 22.1 ±0.3, 0.2 ±0.1‰ at the grain boundaries and 21.7 ±0.4, -0.6±0.1‰ abutting diopside grains. The δ¹⁸O and δ¹³δC values measured conventionally are: crystal cores, 22.96, -0.95‰; abutting diopside grains, 22.38, -0.93‰; bulk, 22.79, -0.95%. Use of the bulk δ¹⁸O(calcite) values for thermometry yields unreasonably high temperatures. The lower δ¹⁸O values at the calcite grain boundaries are not due to retrograde diffusional exchange with the diopside, they are thought to be a result of a late retrograde fluid infiltration.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边－绥德地区古生界天然气运移和聚集的数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林锡祥  华保钦  杨小梅 《沉积学报》1996,(3)

本文用二维盆地模拟方法研究鄂尔多斯盆地靖边－绥德地区古生界天然气的运移和聚集。在数值模型中，天然气的运移由渗流和扩散两种运移形式组成。模拟结果表明，研究区古生界天然气的运移以渗流运移为主、扩散运移为辅。以早白垩世末期燕山运动后幕为界，运移期大体上可分为两个阶段。由此，形成了研究区各井的三种不同的运移聚集史。  相似文献   

线性扩散波方程解析解及其在水位预报中的应用   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

程海云  芮孝芳 《水科学进展》1997,8(2):130-136

提出一个可考虑回水顶托及旁侧入流影响的线性扩散波方程水位解析解模型,并对其响应函数特性进行了研究。该模型是一个集总参数的水位预报模型。模型只包括:谢才系数C和反映河道断面不规则影响的扩散系数DK,并可由试错或优化法求出。对于给定的上、下边界条件和旁侧入流,模型可快速给出各内插断面的水位过程。选用长江荆江河段1981年～1990年34次洪水资料进行参数率定,1991年～1993年7次洪水资料进行模型检验,结果令人满意。  相似文献