Finite difference modeling of contaminant transport using analytic element flow solutions     

James R. Craig  Alan J. Rabideau 《Advances in water resources》2006

The two-dimensional implementation of the analytic element method (AEM) is commonly used to simulate steady-state saturated groundwater flow phenomena at regional and local scales. However, unlike alternative groundwater flow simulation methods, AEM results are not ordinarily used as the basis for simulation of reactive solute transport. The use of AEM-simulated flow fields is impeded by the discrepancy between a continuous representation of flow and a typically discrete representation of transport, and requires translation of the flow solution to a discrete analog. This paper presents a variety of methods for analytically calculating conservative discrete water fluxes and integrated components of the dispersion tensor across cell interfaces. An Eulerian finite difference method based on these AEM-derived parameters is implemented for use in simulation of 2D (vertically averaged) solute transport. This implementation is first benchmarked against existing methods that use standard finite difference flow solutions, then used to investigate the effects of an inaccurate discrete water balance. It is shown that improper translation of AEM fluxes leads to significant water balance errors and inaccurate simulation of contaminant transport.  相似文献   

顾及密度差异的河系简化   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

张青年 《测绘学报》2006,35(2):191-196

河系简化是地图综合中经常需要处理的任务,其难点主要在于依据上下文环境对河流进行结构化选取,以保持河网密度差异等宏观特征。提出一种新的河流等级规则,依据河流的各级支流的数量确定河流的等级,以反映河流的密度差异;设计一种结合河流等级、长度与所在层次的综合指标进行河流选取;探讨在自动构建河系树的基础上计算河流等级、所在层次等指标的方法;最后使用综合指标进行河流结构化选取试验。结果表明,以新等级规则为基础的综合指标切实可行,能够在一定程度上保持河网密度的区域差异。  相似文献   

人工神经网络在色彩变换中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐艳芳  刘文耀  武兵  黄敏 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2006,31(9):799-802

给出了一种针对数字彩色硬拷贝的输出设备，建立了由CIE色度值到设备控制值色彩变换的神经网络方法。基于蒙版方程的颜色传递机理，由色度密度变量实现色彩变换。结果表明，该色彩变换对各种色调均有较明显的校正作用，且保持了高饱和色的饱和度。  相似文献   

泰安市世行贷款二期项目区地下水监测研究     

周兰云  尚艳丽  马传顺 《地下水》2006,28(2):53-54,57

为合理开发利用地下水资源提供科学依据,确保地下水资源可持续利用,防止由于超采地下水而诱发环境危害,对泰安市世行贷款二期项目区地下水动态变化规律、水资源的分布特征进行了分析研究,提出了地下水合理开发利用的建议.  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of ground anchors     

Nak-Kyung Kim  Jong-Sik Park  Sung-Kyu Kim 《Computers and Geotechnics》2007,34(6):498-507

A procedure of finite-element modeling and beam-column modeling of ground anchors was proposed in this study to investigate the load transfer mechanism in ground anchors. The procedure included the modeling of soil, grout, and strand tendon and the interface modeling of soil–grout and grout–strand in ground anchors. A series of finite element analyses and beam-column analyses were performed using the proposed models on ground anchors. The numerical predictions were compared with observed measurements in a field load test. The results indicated that the numerical simulation of load transfer mechanism on ground anchors can provide reasonable predictions.  相似文献   

河南省区域经济差异及时空特征分析   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

雒海潮  苗长虹 《云南地理环境研究》2006,18(4):62-68

以SPSS统计分析软件和GIS技术为基础，以县域为研究单位，分析改革开放以来河南省县域经济差异变化的时间特征、空间格局及其变化过程，结果表明：（1）河南县域经济发展水平绝对差异扩大，相对差异起伏发展．两极分化显现；（2）在空间上经济发展水平形成了以西北部为中心，向东南递减的核心圈层结构；（3）经济发展现状水平与经济发展初始水平和发展速度呈明显的相关性，现状发展水平较高的地区，其经济发展初始水平和发展速度一般都较高。对县域经济差异的成因，从区域发展战略、资源条件、区位、投资政策和市场化程度等方面进行了揭示，最后提出了对河南区域经济发展的政策建议。  相似文献   

Site amplifications in the city of Benevento (Italy): comparison of observed and estimated ground motion from explosive sources     

F. Marrara  P. Suhadolc 《Journal of Seismology》1998,2(2):125-143

A hybrid approach is applied to construct 2-D synthetic seismograms for explosive sources. The computation of the signals has been performed with a hybrid technique, that couples the modal summation method, describing the P-SV propagation from the source to a target area, to the finite difference method, allowing the computation of the 2-D response of the target area. We use this technique to study the site response in the city of Benevento (Southern Italy). The results are compared both with those obtained for the same model, but considering an extended double-couple source and SH wave propagation and with those derived from a direct analysis of experimental data obtained during the Benevento Seismic Risk Project, funded by the Commission of European Communities. The type and depth of the source and the source-receiver distance can provide different excitations, but the response of the target area, in terms of ratios of response spectra, remains in general stable in the high frequency range (>2 Hz). The explosive source does not excite lower frequencies and is therefore unable to provide estimates of site effects in this frequency range. We also show that it is important to consider both P-SV and SH waves when assessing site effects. Finally, a very good definition of a structural model from geological data is fundamental in order to explain the observed data in the time domain. The observed data validate our synthetic modelling for evaluating the site effects and for a tentative seismic microzonation of the city of Benevento.  相似文献   

Numerical Simulation of the Graben-Forming Process in Southern Xizang     

Zhang Bongning  Xu ZhonghuaiInstitute of Geophysics  SSB  Beijing  China 《中国地震研究》1998,(2)

I.INTRODUCTION It iS generally accepted that the stress state in the upper crust and upper mantle in the southernQinghai—Xiz~g Plateau is essentially extensional(Molnar and Tapponnier,1978;Chen and Molnar,1983:Armijo et a1.,1986).Data offocal.mechanism  相似文献   

有限变形下一般流体时的热动力学模型     

凌荣华  刘钧 《工程地质学报》1998,(2)

本文针对滑坡问题的本质,提出了非不可压流体、非理想气体前提下,在有限变形框架下牵涉到质量流动的热动力学模型,得到了不同参数空间中的特征关系;并讨论了与其它相应理论间的区别。  相似文献   

Flow in an aquifer charged with hot water from a fault zone     

J. W. Pritchett  S. K. Garg 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(1-2):309-320

Many geothermal anomalies are intersected by vertical fault zones (narrow zones of fractured material with large effective permeability). These conduits are probably responsible for much of the upwelling of hot water from depth. This paper considers a shallow aquifer intersected by a vertical fault. The fluid flow in the aquifer is numerically modeled as a two-dimensional problem. It is observed that the temperature distribution in the aquifer is governed primarily by lateral flow of hot water supplied from the intersecting vertical fault and only secondarily by conduction. The numerical results also provide a possible explanation for the local temperature maxima and inversions occasionally observed in borehole measurements. The present model is an alternative to that based on mushroom-shaped isotherm distributions found in high Rayleigh number large-scale circulation cell calculations.  相似文献