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121.
冀东、五台和吕梁地区条带状铁矿的稀土元素特征及其地质意义 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
详细报道了冀东、五台和吕梁地区条带状铁矿全岩样品的稀土元素分析结果。结果表明,研究区BIF具有非常相似的特征:稀土总量均较低;经页岩标准化的稀土元素配分模式均呈现轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集的特征;Y/Ho比值较高;具有明显的Eu、Y、La的正异常,且这些特征表明研究区BIF的稀土元素来源于火山热液和海水的混合溶液。虽然BIF均显示Eu正异常,但不同类型、不同沉积年龄BIF的铕异常程度不同:与吕梁地区Superior型铁矿相比,冀东和五台地区的Algoma型铁矿显示了更大的Eu正异常;并且自中太古代-新太古代-古元古代,BIF的铕正异常逐渐减小,这可能反映了随着BIF沉积年龄的减小,进入到该地区海水中的高温热液流体逐渐减少;同时,研究区BIF缺乏明显的Ce负异常,可能暗示在BIF沉积时海水的氧化还原状态为缺氧环境。 相似文献
122.
荷叶塘陨石是1998年降落的一块普通球粒陨石。本文在对荷叶塘陨石的岩石学和矿物化学特征分析的基础上,划分了荷叶塘陨石的岩石类型和次级岩石类型。荷叶塘陨石橄榄石的Fa值在0.6-48.8之间,平均值为23.2,PMD为60.1%;低钙辉石的FS值在0.6-49.0之间,平均值为9.1,PMD为97.5%。结合橄榄石Fa值的PMD与次级岩石类型关系、橄榄石中的Cr含量、铁纹石中富Ni颗粒的数量密度等,综合判断荷叶塘陨石的化学-岩石类型为L3.3,由此表明该陨石是一块热变质程度非常低的L型非平衡普通球粒陨石。 相似文献
123.
The main goal of this study is to provide moment tensor solutions for small and moderate earthquakes of the 2009 L’Aquila seismic sequence (central Italy). The analysis was performed by using data coming from the permanent Italian seismic network run by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) and the “Cut And Paste” (CAP) method based on broadband waveform inversion. Focal mechanisms, source depths and moment magnitudes are determined through a grid search technique. By allowing time shifts between synthetics and observed data the CAP method reduces dependence of the solution on the assumed velocity model and on earthquake location. We computed seismic moment tensors for 312 earthquakes having local magnitude in the range between 2.7 and 5.9. The CAP method has made possible to considerably expand the database of focal mechanisms from waveform analysis in the lowest magnitude range (i.e. in the neighborhood of magnitude 3) without overlooking the reliability of results. The obtained focal mechanisms generally show NW–SE striking focal planes in agreement with mapped faults in the region. Comparisons with the already published solutions and with seismological and geological information available allowed us to proper interpret the moment tensor solutions in the frame of the seismic sequence evolution and also to furnish additional information about less energetic seismic phases. Focal data were inverted to obtain the seismogenic stress in the study area. Results are compatible with the major tectonic domain. We also obtained a relation between moment and local magnitude suitable for the area and for the available magnitude range. 相似文献
124.
Numerical implementation of the gradient of the cost function in a gradient‐based full‐ waveform inversion (FWI) is essentially a migration operator used in wave equation migration. In FWI, minimizing different data residual norms results in different weighting strategies of data residuals at receiver locations prior to back‐propagation into the medium. In this paper, we propose different scaling methods to the receiver wavefield and compare their performances. Using time‐domain reverse‐time migration (RTM), we show that compared to conventional algorithms, this type of scaling is able to significantly suppress non‐Gaussian noise, i.e., outliers. Our tests also show that scaling by its absolute norm produces better results than other approaches. 相似文献
125.
126.
煎茶岭金矿床位于勉略宁三角区东北缘,矿体产于环绕超基性岩体分布的含金蚀变带中,属蚀变岩型矿床。由于对其成矿作用认识分歧较大,严重影响了后续的找矿勘探工作。从矿床地质特征入手,通过矿区岩矿石常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素以及硫、氢、氧同位素的测试分析,探讨其控矿因素和成矿机理。结果表明,矿床受叠加于接触带部位的韧脆性剪切带控制,成矿不仅与超基性岩有关,而且与花岗斑岩关系密切。花岗斑岩的侵入引起超基性岩的彻底蚀变,同时导致原岩中的金等成矿物质被释放出来。矿石、蚀变超基性岩、白云岩中黄铁矿的硫同位素组成与花岗斑岩中黄铁矿的硫同位素组成具有较好的一致性,并表现出一定的规律性,说明花岗斑岩提供了成矿所需的硫;矿石氢、氧同位素组成介于岩浆水与大气降水之间,且多数样品聚集在雨水线附近,暗示花岗斑岩提供了初始热液,随着成矿作用的进行,大气降水不断加入,从而形成复合热液。鉴于矿床与花岗斑岩的密切关系以及铬云母化的产出特点,根据同位素年龄,认为矿床形成于印支中期—燕山中期。 相似文献
127.
The 2009 L’Aquila, Italy earthquake highlighted the seismic vulnerability of historic masonry building structures due to improper "strengthening" retrofit work that has been done in the last 50 years. Italian seismic standards recommend the use of traditional reinforcement techniques such as replacing the original wooden roof structure with new reinforced concrete (RC) or steel elements, inserting RC tie-beams in the masonry and new RC floors, and using RC jacketing on the shear walls. The L’Aquila earthquake revealed the numerous limitations of these interventions, because they led to increased seismic forces (due to greater additional weight) and to deformation incompatibilities of the incorporated elements with the existing masonry walls. This paper provides a discussion of technical issues pertaining to the seismic retrofit of the Santa Maria di Collemaggio Basilica and in particular, the limitations of the last (2000) retrofit intervention. Considerable damage was caused to the church because of questionable actions and incorrect and improper technical choices. 相似文献
128.
129.
Assessing adaptability of planted trees using leaf traits: A case study with Robinia pseudoacacia L. in the Loess Plateau, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Leaf trait patterns and their variations with climate are interpreted as an adaptive adjustment to environment.This study assessed the adaptability of planted black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) based on the analysis of leaf traits and the comparison of its leaf traits with inter-specific ones existing in the same area.We measured some water and N use related leaf traits: leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) and N,P and K concentrations based on both leaf area (Narea,Parea and Karea) and leaf mass (Nmass,Pm... 相似文献
130.