印尼贯穿流的诊断计算   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨阳  周伟东  董丹鹏 《热带海洋学报》2007,26(2):1-8

利用全球大洋二维的自由表面诊断模型并采用气候态Levitus(2001)温盐资料及COADS风应力资料估算印尼贯穿流及其季节变化。结果表明,南海的Karimata海峡出流量对印尼贯穿流有显著的贡献,印尼贯穿流的平均流量为16.6Sv,流量在6月最大(18.5Sv),4月最小(12.7Sv)。与其它模式结果和观测结果一致的是,Makas-sar海峡流量在7月最大(13.8Sv),1月最小(0.2Sv),其年平均流量为6.7Sv;Karimata海峡是南海南部最大的出水口,年平均流量为2.6Sv,爪哇海水在5—9月之间流入南海,其它月份南海南部水流入爪哇海;Timor海峡是印尼贯穿流最大的出口;Lombok流量的季节变化表现为半年周期。通过模拟计算结果,结合动力计算,获取了Makassar海峡经向速度的垂向结构,结果显示Makassar海峡的经向速度有明显的垂向切变,100m层次的南向速度为30—35cm.s-1。  相似文献   

末次盛冰期以来印度尼西亚穿越流对东印度洋上部水体结构的影响          下载免费PDF全文

叶黎明  翦知湣  金海燕  成鑫荣 《第四纪研究》2008,28(3):458-464

海洋上部水体垂向结构变化对于理解热带海区在全球气候变化中的作用有着重要意义。通过分析印度尼西亚穿越流(ITF)出口处东印度洋帝汶海区SO18480-3孔中的浮游有孔虫表层种Globigerinoides ruber和温跃层种Pulleniatina obliquiloculata壳体氧碳同位素,并借助12个AMS¹⁴C测年数据重建了末次盛冰期(LGM)以来该区温跃层深度和营养盐水平的演化序列。壳体氧同位素(δ¹⁸O)记录表明温跃层古海洋学特征的变化幅度要大于表层海水,其差值(Δδ¹⁸O_(P-G))有效地反映了温跃层深度的变化,即冰消期和晚全新世温跃层较浅,LGM和早中全新世温跃层较深;并揭示出与全新世相比,LGM期间ITF总流量未显著减小,ITF对该区上部水体结构的影响受到了东西太平洋之间不对称性的调节。碳同位素(δ¹³C)记录则表明该区的古海洋学变化在不同程度上受到了南大洋的影响,并受本区上部水体垂向结构的控制,其差值(Δδ¹³_(G-P))在一定程度上反映了该区上部水体营养盐水平的变化。  相似文献   

The contribution of throughflow to storm runoff: An evaluation of a chemical mixing model     

M. G. Anderson  T. P. Burt 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1982,7(6):565-574

The contribution of throughflow to storm runoff is examined using a chemical mixing model. The results predict that throughflow is an important component of storm runoff particularly during the period of stream recession. Supporting hydrological data suggests that a major throughflow input occurs coincident with the stream discharge peak. The two sets of results therefore conflict in the predicted timing of the throughflow response.  相似文献   

Soil water residence times and solute uptake on a dolomite bedrock—preliminary results     

Stephen T. Trudgill  Ian M. S. Laidlaw  Peter L. Smart 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1980,5(1):91-100

Calcium and magnesium levels have been monitored in slope foot drainage waters on a dolomite bedrock. Both calcium and magnesium rich pulses occur. Short term dissolution experiments demonstrate high calcium levels in solution while other authors have suggested that long residence time groundwater has relatively high levels of magnesium due to calcite precipitation. Patterns of field fluctuations in Ca: Mg ratios can thus be tentatively interpreted in terms of short residence time water of high calcium content mixing with long residence time water of high magnesium content. Fluorometric dye tracing has been used to indicate the orders of magnitude of soil water residence times, suggesting that quickflow components are resident in the system for a few hours to a few days. Further work is in progress.  相似文献   

Lateral translocation of soil plasma through a small valley basin in the Northaw Great Wood,Hertfordshire     

R. J. Huggett 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1976,1(2):99-109

The paper looks at the process of lateral translocation in a small valley basin from the Northaw Great Wood, Hertfordshire. The valley basin comprises four lithostratigraphic units (London Clay and Pebble Gravel, and the others a mixture of these two), which were initially established in the field by a rough assessment of texture. Particle size analysis validated the lithostratigraphic units as delineated in the field; it was found unnecessary to alter the boundaries of the units. Patterns of lateral translocation of silt and clay (measured by the hydrometer method) and the amorphous colloidal hydrous oxides and hydroxides of Al, Fe, Mn and Si (measured in oxalate solution by atomic absorption spectrophotometry) are inferred from balance sheets of the relative gains and losses of the materials. Materials from horizons formed in lithostratigraphic units derived from London Clay are balanced against a clay dilution factor; those from the lithostratigraphic unit of Pebble Gravel against the dilution of sand on a clay-free basis. The results lead to the following conclusions about the process of lateral translocation: it has been a significant contributor to soil development; larger amounts of material have moved down-slope towards the hollow than over the nose because there has, theoretically, been more throughflow in the hollow; for some materials there has been less down-slope transport in lower horizons owing to less throughflow in them.  相似文献   

Influence of positive and negative Indian Ocean Dipoles on ENSO via the Indonesian Throughflow: Results from sensitivity experiments     

ZHOU Qian  DUAN Wansuo  MU Mu  FENG Rong 《大气科学进展》2015,32(6):783-793

The role of the Indonesian Throughflow(ITF) in the influence of the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) on ENSO is investigated using version 2 of the Parallel Ocean Program(POP2) ocean general circulation model. We demonstrate the results through sensitivity experiments on both positive and negative IOD events from observations and coupled general circulation model simulations. By shutting down the atmospheric bridge while maintaining the tropical oceanic channel, the IOD forcing is shown to influence the ENSO event in the following year, and the role of the ITF is emphasized. During positive IOD events,negative sea surface height anomalies(SSHAs) occur in the eastern Indian Ocean, indicating the existence of upwelling.These upwelling anomalies pass through the Indonesian seas and enter the western tropical Pacific, resulting in cold anomalies there. These cold temperature anomalies further propagate to the eastern equatorial Pacific, and ultimately induce a La Nia-like mode in the following year. In contrast, during negative IOD events, positive SSHAs are established in the eastern Indian Ocean, leading to downwelling anomalies that can also propagate into the subsurface of the western Pacific Ocean and travel further eastward. These downwelling anomalies induce negative ITF transport anomalies, and an El Nio-like mode in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean that persists into the following year. The effects of negative and positive IOD events on ENSO via the ITF are symmetric. Finally, we also estimate the contribution of IOD forcing in explaining the Pacific variability associated with ENSO via ITF.  相似文献   

南海神狐海域水合物三相混合层测井评价方法研究     

谢莹峰  陆敬安  匡增桂  康冬菊  王通  蔡慧敏 《现代地质》2022,36(1):182-192

天然气水合物降压试采过程中,水合物、游离气和水的三相混合层中的游离气首先被采出,从而提高降压效率,促进水合物分解;因此利用岩心刻度测井的方法开展南海神狐海域水合物三相混合层测井评价方法研究,对水合物矿体储量计算以及产业化开采具有重要意义.三相混合层与水合物层相比,其密度和中子孔隙度值均减小,纵波速度明显下降;与气层相比...  相似文献   

印度尼西亚海域潮波的数值研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王永刚  魏泽勋  方国洪  陈海英  高秀敏 《海洋学报》2014,36(3):1-8

基于ROMS模式构建了模拟区域为(15.52°S-7.13°N,110.39°~134.15°E)水平分辨率为2′的潮波数值模式,分别模拟了印尼海域M2、S2、K1、O1四个主要分潮。模拟结果与29个卫星高度计交叠点上的调和常数进行比较,符合较好。M2分潮的振幅均方根差为3.4cm,迟角均方根差为5.9°;S2分潮的振幅均方根差为1.7cm,迟角均方根差为6.3°;K1分潮振幅均方根差为1.1cm,迟角均方根差为5.8°;O1分潮振幅均方根差为1.2cm,迟角均方根差为4.4°。M2、S2、K1、O1分潮向量均方根差分别为3.8cm、2.4cm、1.9cm和1.3cm,模拟结果的相对偏差在10%左右。根据计算结果分析了印尼海域的潮汐特征及潮能传播规律,结果显示:爪哇海以外的印尼海域主要为不规则半日潮区;全日潮潮能主要由太平洋传入印尼海域,而半日潮潮能则是从印度洋传入印尼海域。  相似文献   

Sources and sinks of nutrients in a New Zealand hill pasture catchment I. Stormflow generation     

James G. Cooke  Tony Dons 《水文研究》1988,2(2):109-122

The processes of stormflow generation were studied in a hill pasture catchment near Hamilton, New Zealand. Although rainfall was relatively evenly distributed throughout the year, stormflow was highly seasonal and over 65 per cent occurred during the winter. Three main processes contributing to stormflow were identified which could be related to soil type and physiographic position. On gleyed soils derived from rhyolitic colluvium, saturation overland flow was the dominant process. Hydrographs from ‘Whipkey’ throughflow troughs also indicated that there was a subsurface response (saturated wedge) from this soil type. On steeper convex slopes, more permeable soils were derived from weathered greywacke. The presence of ephemeral springs on the hillslopes and direct observation during storm events indicated that storm runoff was generated as return flow from this soil. It was noted that nitrate concentrations from subsurface sources were 5–10 times higher than surface runoff. This difference in concentration was utilized in a chemical mixing equation which partitioned stormflow sources. This was compared with the stormflow predicted from rain falling on to saturated areas. There was good agreement between the two models for winter-spring events with respect to the volumes of surface runoff predicted, however the saturated areas model underestimated total stormflow. The results of the study are briefly discussed in terms of the potential for water quality management.  相似文献   

印尼贯穿流对热带太平洋-印度洋海温异常综合模影响的初步模拟研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

吴海燕  李崇银  张铭 《热带气象学报》2010,26(5):513-520

印尼海域是联系热带太平洋和印度洋的纽带,为了讨论印度尼西亚贯穿流对热带太平洋-印度洋海温异常综合模的影响,利用一个准全球海洋环流模式,设计了打开、关闭印度尼西亚通道的数值试验对该问题进行初步探讨。试验结果表明,印尼贯穿流对热带太平洋、印度洋海温和海流的模拟有重要影响。在海洋表层,印尼贯穿流对热带太平洋-印度洋海温异常综合模所起作用不大,这时海洋的外强迫(大气风场、太阳辐射等)起主要作用;而在次表层,印尼贯穿流对热带太平洋-印度洋海温异常综合模起着重要的作用。  相似文献