A Bayesian characterization of urban land use configurations from VHR remote sensing images     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

The composition and arrangement of spatial entities, i.e., land cover objects, play a key role in distinguishing land use types from very high resolution (VHR) remote sensing images, in particular in urban environments. This paper presents a new method to characterize the spatial arrangement for urban land use extraction using VHR images. We derive an adjacency unit matrix to represent the spatial arrangement of land cover objects obtained from a VHR image, and use a graph convolutional network to quantify the spatial arrangement by extracting hidden features from adjacency unit matrices. The distribution of the spatial arrangement variables, i.e., hidden features, and the spatial composition variables, i.e., widely used land use indicators, are then estimated. We use a Bayesian method to integrate the variables of spatial arrangement and composition for urban land use extraction. Experiments were conducted using three VHR images acquired in two urban areas: a Pleiades image in Wuhan in 2013, a Superview image in Wuhan in 2019, and a GeoEye image in Oklahoma City in 2012. Our results show that the proposed method provides an effective means to characterize the spatial arrangement of land cover objects, and produces urban land use extractions with overall accuracies (i.e., 86% and 93%) higher than existing methods (i.e., 83% and 88%) that use spatial arrangement information based on building types on the Pleiades and GeoEye datasets. Moreover, it is unnecessary to further categorize the dominant land cover type into finer types for the characterization of spatial arrangement. We conclude that the proposed method has a high potential for the characterization of urban structure using different VHR images, and for the extraction of urban land use in different urban areas.  相似文献   

Trade measures and the combat of IUU fishing: Institutional interplay and effective governance in the Northeast Atlantic     

Olav Schram Stokke 《Marine Policy》2009

The use of trade measures to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Northeast Atlantic has evolved from unilateral denial of the landing of fish taken outside international quota arrangements to a multilateral Scheme of Control and Enforcement under the North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC). International trade rules have not constrained this development, mostly due to successful management of the interplay between international resource management and trade regimes. States protect resource management objectives from such constraint by inserting clauses that establish a normative hierarchy, or they employ various means for adapting IUU measures to the ‘environmental window’ of the global trade regime. The fact that regional states have introduced trade restrictions only when non-restrictive or less restrictive measures have failed enhances such compatibility, as do the gradual shift from unilateral to multilateral measures and the rise in transparency, openness and target-state involvement. None of those features reduces the effectiveness of regional trade measures; they minimize tension with trade commitments and largely strengthen their clout in the struggle to combat IUU fishing in the Northeast Atlantic.  相似文献   

EU marine policy on the move: The tension between fisheries and maritime policy     

L. van Hoof  J. van Tatenhove 《Marine Policy》2009

In the past decade, the European Commission has developed the Marine Strategy Directive and the Maritime Policy. Both policies aim at governing the marine environment; yet the two policies have a differing signature in policy formulation and implementation. From a fisher's perspective these policies present a change in institutional setting; major policy measures no longer descend from the EU Common Fisheries Policy alone, but increasingly are derived from general environmental policy developments. In this paper, the policy arrangement approach is used to analyse the differences between the two maritime policies, and the way in which they can affect fisheries management.  相似文献   

南堡1—5海上导管架批量优快钻井技术     

胡中志  朱宽亮  徐小峰  王在明  周岩 《海洋地质译丛》2009,(3):67-70

为加快南堡1号构造的开发速度,冀东油田在南堡1—5海上导管架尝试实施了批量钻井技术。针对南堡1—5海上导管架井口间距小的特点,对井口布置、优选及轨迹设计进行了深入研究和论证,并对施工顺序、工艺作了精细安排,保证了钻井施工的顺利,提高了钻井速度。南堡1～5井组5口井平均钻井周期为16．72d,较未实施批量钻井单井钻井周期缩短30％以上。该项技术为缓解海上钻井平台紧张被动局面提供了一个行之有效的解决方案,同时为人工岛模块钻机高效利用提供了新思路。  相似文献   

GIS 在上海蔬菜生产资源评价与合理布局中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谈建国  陆贤  杨星卫 《应用气象学报》1999,10(1):112-117

运用地理信息系统（GIS）软件ARC/INFO,针对上海郊区各乡镇气候、土壤、区位、技术、承灾能力、水污染等方面进行综合评价,得到上海蔬菜生产优势区域,可为蔬菜基地规划、菜地迁移和蔬菜生产提供有效参考。  相似文献   

基于快速非支配排序遗传算法的阻尼器多目标优化布置          下载免费PDF全文

陈丰收  吕述晖  李安琪 《世界地震工程》2023,39(1):109-117

将快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)和并行遗传算法相结合,提出内嵌NSGA-Ⅱ的粗粒度-主从式并行遗传算法。该算法将种群分为多个子种群,每个子种群可独立并行执行NSGA-Ⅱ操作;达到迁移周期时,子种群之间执行迁移操作;完成迁移后,子种群再次独立并行执行NSGA-Ⅱ操作。以最大层间位移角和最大楼层加速度为目标函数,对14层消能减震钢框架结构上的阻尼器布置位置进行优化分析。结果表明：该算法既实现多目标优化,又提高优化速度;对比常规隔层布置方法,该算法可使结构的层间位移角减震系数和加速度减震系数分别至少提高16.82%和16.01%。  相似文献   

Institutional challenges for resolving conflicts between fisheries and endangered species conservation     

Felix Rauschmayer  Heidi WittmerAugustin Berghöfer 《Marine Policy》2008

Successful species conservation typically results in conflicts between wildlife protection and economic uses of natural resources as in fisheries and aquaculture. This article shows why managing these conflicts require a more comprehensive approach than currently pursued by endangered species conservation programmes. Against the background of several case studies focussing on wildlife conflicts in European waters this article derives two challenges for institutional response: First, the question of mandate—which societal actor initiates management related processes that require multiple actors to collaborate? Second, how can continuous processes of collaboration be sustained?  相似文献   

小城镇建设的模式选择与布局     

那声润  李双秋 《地理信息世界》2000,(3)

随着经济的发展我国城市建设的发展日益繁荣,其中小城镇建设问题尤显突出,因而其模式选择与布局统一规划,应注重生态和环境保护,培养自身独特的文化特色等方面,使小城镇建设朝着健康的方向发展。  相似文献   

固体矿产普查工作部署问题探讨     

张福祯 《化工矿产地质》1998,20(4):325-327,330

改革开放以来,全国地勘行业发生了深刻变化,取得了一定成绩,但也存在一些问题。有的固体矿产普查项目面积过大,工程间距过稀,致使普查任务难以完成。控制固体矿产普查区面积不宜过大,以满足“三线（勘探线）两点（探矿工程）”的布设为宜。普查区内工程的布置要达到总体控制,亦即该矿种该勘探类型Ｃ级储量控制网度放稀一倍。  相似文献   

The Suburbanization of the Institutional Investment Advisory Industry: Metropolitan Philadelphia, 1983–1993     

John E. Bodenman 《The Professional geographer》1998,50(1):112-126

Traditionally, the institutional investment advisory industry in Pennsylvania has been concentrated in Philadelphia's Central Business District (CBD). However, analysis of the industry's organizational structure and spatial dynamics over the 1983–1993 study period indicates suburbanization and growth of the industry outside of the CBD. Maps and tables describe the institutional investment advisory industry's spatial organization at the intra-metropolitan scale using the Money Market Directory of Pension Funds and their Investment Advisors (Money Market Directories 1983, 1993). This industry-specific research contributes to the ongoing attempt to theorize financial services location and growth, and provides a basis for examining the impact of information technology (IT) on the spatial concentration of financial services activity at the intra-metropolitan scale.  相似文献