Influence of wave groups on SSC patterns over vortex ripples     

Paul V. Villard  Philip D. Osborne  Christopher E. Vincent 《Continental Shelf Research》2000,20(17):1

Estimates of spatial and temporal variations in suspended sand concentrations (SSC) made with a multi-transducer Acoustic Backscatter Sensor (ABS) under a repeated wave group over a mobile rippled bed in the wave research flume at the National Hydraulics Laboratory in Ottawa, Canada, reveal an number of complex and intriguing patterns. Ensemble averages of 8 nearly identical wave groups provided much more robust estimates of SSC and allowed a detailed examination of the wave group effects. The largest SSC near the bed (< 0.10 m) occurs in phase with the largest waves in the group. Above approximately 0.10 m elevation, SSC lags behind the near bed SSC by as much as 2–3 waves; introducing significant curvature (on a semi-log plot) to the SSC profile. The log linear segments of the SSC profile grow and decay systematically on the scale of the wave group. The range in lengths of log-linear profile segments ( 0.03–0.355 m) suggest that the boundary layer thickness also fluctuates throughout the passage of the wave group. Furthermore, there are significant variations in the patterns of SSC, which occur under the largest and smallest waves in the group. Under the largest waves vertical bands of alternating high and low SSC produce an intra-wave modulation in the upper water column ( 0.075–0.30 m). The equivalent horizontal excursion of these bands scales to the ripple length. Under the smaller waves the intra-wave modulation of the SSC disappears and is replaced by temporally homogenous suspension that expands vertically through several individual wave cycles. The former pattern of homogenous suspension appears to be associated with growth of a boundary layer due to the persistent uni-directional horizontal flow during this part of the group together with the persistence of antecedent bed generated turbulence and vorticity which maintains the suspension. The latter pattern of bands of high and low SSC indicates a strong temporal and spatial constraint on the SSC (phase coupling) induced by the presence of the bedforms which may be enhanced by strong reversals in both flow and vorticity under the large waves in the group.  相似文献   

瞬态弹性波散射的变换域积分方程法          下载免费PDF全文

时刚  高广运 《地震工程学报》2006,28(3):225-228

针对瞬态弹性波散射的问题,从弹性动力学问题的积分表示定理出发,采用Laplace变换的方法,得到了变换域内均质体位移场的积分方程表示;在此基础上推导了适合瞬态弹性波对异质体散射求解的变换域位移场积分方程。  相似文献   

The thermodynamic structure atop a penetrating convective thunderstorm     

Pao K. Wang   《Atmospheric Research》2007,83(2-4):254-262

The thermodynamic structure on top of a numerically simulated severe storm is examined to explain the satellite observed plume formation above thunderstorm anvils. The same mechanism also explains the formation of jumping cirrus observed by Fujita on board of a research aircraft. A three-dimensional, non-hydrostatic cloud model is used to perform numerical simulation of a supercell that occurred in Montana in 1981. Analysis of the model results shows that both the plume and the jumping cirrus phenomena are produced by the high instability and breaking of the gravity waves excited by the strong convection inside the storm. These mechanisms dramatically enhance the turbulent diffusion process and cause some moisture to detach from the storm cloud and jump into the stratosphere. The thermodynamic structure in terms of the potential temperature isotherms above the simulated thunderstorm is examined to reveal the instability and wave breaking structure. The plumes and jumping cirrus phenomena represent an irreversible transport mechanism of materials from the troposphere to the stratosphere that may have global climatic implications.  相似文献   

Boulders of MIS 5 age deposited by a tsunami on the coast of Otago, New Zealand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D.M. Kennedy  K.L. Tannock  M.J. Crozier  U. Rieser 《Sedimentary Geology》2007,200(3-4):222-231

A series of elevated imbricated boulders were investigated on the Otago coastline, southeast New Zealand, through field surveying and optical luminescence dating. By using established hydrodynamic relationships of sediment transport the energy required to move the clasts was calculated and compared to the historic record of marine inundations of that coast. The boulders are platy in shape and are over 2 m long in some cases, and are sourced from a locally outcropping conglomerate unit which appears to be the only lithology on this section of coast that erodes to produce clasts of this size. It is estimated that the boulders were deposited by a tsunami between 2 and 3 m high during the latter part of Marine Isotope Stage 5. They therefore represent the first pre-Holocene tsunami deposit and one composed of large boulders described on the New Zealand coastline.  相似文献   

腾冲盆地阻水构造的发现     

上官德树 《云南地质》2007,26(1):71-76

腾冲来凤山北麓前缘,潜伏一段阻水构造——地下水位坡降带。从研究13个水文钻井、119口民间井、2个泉水露头地下水位特征入手,采用古水文和现代水文地质研究方法,论证此段阻水构造的存在。  相似文献   

不同检测方法对混凝土波速的影响研究     

沙玲  杜时贵  陈龙珠 《工程地质学报》2007,15(1):124-128

为建立超声波法和低应变反射波法检测所得混凝土基桩波速的相互转换关系,本文给出了标准线性固体模型下粘弹性介质的三维和一维纵波速度之比及其实用简化公式,并且通过实验得出,混凝土构件的超声波速与1.054倍低应变动测波速之比处于1.03~1.12,具体数值会随着混凝土龄期、弹性模量和强度等级的增加而有所减小。  相似文献   

内马铁路一期工程局部不规则二维场地地震反应分析     

王笃国  贾其军  尤红兵  翟奋楼  薛齐齐  喻烟 《震灾防御技术》2020,15(4):708-717

基于内马铁路一期工程地质资料，利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立某局部不规则二维场地有限元计算模型，利用Python语言进行二次开发，编制二维等效线性化计算程序。开展50年超越概率63%、10%和2%水准下的土层地震反应分析计算，对不规则地形不同位置处的地震动峰值加速度和频谱特性进行对比分析。研究结果表明，不规则地形对地震动特性的影响显著。本文研究结果对内马铁路一期工程地震动参数确定具有指导意义，同时可为跨越不规则地形工程结构抗震设计提供参考。  相似文献   

太阳常数的变化与太阳软x射线辐射流量及低频天波时延的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王素琴  潘炼德 《时间频率学报》1998,21(1):49-53

本文对1982年在陕西临潼接收的美国罗兰-C西北大平洋链Y台发射的100kHz低频一跳天波时延的实测资料及SMS－GOES测量的太阳1～8A软x射线的每日辐射流量与SMM／ACRIMI测量的太阳常数之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明：太阳1～8A软x射线辐射流量与太阳常数之间存在较强的负相关;低频一跳天波时延与太阳常数之间存在着较强的正相关。并对此进行了讨论。  相似文献   

煤矿地理信息系统数据模型的研究   总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25  

毛善君 《测绘学报》1998,27(4):331-337

地下煤矿开采所面对的空间目标具有灰色、动态变化的特征。本文在分析煤矿空间信息特点的基础上,提出了实用于煤矿的地理信息系统数据模型。这些数据模型包括全要素的结构化不规则三角网（ＴＩＮ）与ＧＩＳ一体化数据模型以及网状模型。  相似文献   

An analytical source function for a coupled hybrid wave model     

M. Mohan  Abhijit Sarkar  Raj Kumar 《Journal of Earth System Science》1998,107(3):213-216

An analytical form for the source function is formulated by comparing the fetch-limited approximation of the Ocean Wave Transport equation and the empirical equation for the fetch-dependent wave forecast nomograms. The source function thus generated has been utilised in the numerical model based on Toba’s formulation of wave transport equation and tested for the seas around the Indian subcontinent (5°S to 25°N latitude; 45°E to 100°E longitude). The grid averaged hindcast wave heights are found to be moderately matching with the GEOSAT altimeter measured significant wave heights of the 1987–1989 period, particularly for waves higher than 1 meter.  相似文献