Cryopreservation of Gametophytes of Laminaria japonica （Phaeophyta） Using Encapsulation-Dehydration with Two-Step Cooling Method     

ZHANG Quansheng CONG Yizhou QU Shancun LUO Shiju YANG Guanpin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):65-71

Gametophytes of Laminaria japonica were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen using encapsulation-dehydration with two-step cooling method. Gametophytes cultured at 10℃ and under continuous irradiance of 30 μmol m-2 s-1 for 3 weeks were encapsulated in calcium alginate beads. The beads were dehydrated in 0.4 molL-1 sucrose prepared with seawater for 6 h, desiccated in an incubator set at 10℃ and 70% relative humidity for 4 h, pre-frozen at either -40℃ or -60℃ for 30 min, and stored in liquid nitrogen for ＞24 h. As high as 43% of survival rate was observed when gametophytes were thawed by placing the beads in 40℃seawater and re-hydrated in 0.05 molL-1 citrate sodium prepared using 30‰ NaC1 7 d later. More cells of male gametophytes survived the whole procedure in comparison with female gametophytes. The cells of gametophytes surviving the preservation were able to grow asexually and produce morphologically normal sporophytes.  相似文献   

褐藻酸降解菌感染海带过程中几种酶的作用比较     

孟琛  肖慧  唐学玺 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):288-292

采用植物单细胞和原生质体游离的方法,研究了5株褐藻酸降解菌感染过程中海带细胞壁的组成成分——褐藻酸的变化。结果表明,海带在5株褐藻酸降解菌感染的初期(前3 d),褐藻酸酶对其单细胞和原生质体的游离率均显著降低,而且随着感染时间的延长,游离率的下降越加明显。3 d过后,随着感染的继续进行,单细胞和原生质体的游离率变化不再明显。表明海带细胞壁组成对褐藻酸降解菌感染发生了响应性变化,而这种变化仅仅发生在褐藻酸降解菌感染的早期阶段。研究结果进一步显示,褐藻酸降解菌感染过程中海带细胞壁组成的变化主要体现在褐藻酸的变化上。  相似文献   

Genetic variation of Laminaria japonica (Phaeophyta) populations in China as revealed by RAPD markers     

BI Yanhui  HU Yuanjie  ZHOU Zhigang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(2):103-112

For the population genetics analysis of the naturally grown brown seaweed Laminaria japonica (Laminariales,Phaeophyta) sampled from Dalian,Yantai,Weihai,Rongcheng and Qingdao in China,ten primers were employed to produce 88 bands as revealed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers,and all these bands were polymorphic.According to these band patterns,there were 94 distinct phenotypes occurred in 100 samples indicating the high heterozygosity of this kelp.Dalian population samples showed the highest percentage of polymorphism (71.67%),and also the higher diversity estimated on the basis of the Shannon’s index (8.498),suggesting that this population could be chosen as the best resource for genetic breeding.The highest diversity of Yantai population possibly resulted from the introduction of L.longissima used for interspecific cross breeding with L.japonica cultivated in China.From Dalian southwards to Qingdao,the genetic variation of the five populations became less with a decrease in latitude,possibly due to the natural selection especially of high temperature.The genetic distance (Φ ST values) of the five populations was a little significantly correlated with the geographical distance (r=0.496) at P =0.05 by Mantel’s test.Weihai,Rongcheng and Yantai populations were closely grouped genetically together by Neighbor-joining cluster analysis probably in that the dispersal of the kelp by propagules more easily occurring in the range of relatively short distance.The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) also demonstrated that the relatively higher variation occurred among populations (71.49%) at an extremely significant level (P <0.000 1).All these evidence showed that there was a relatively distinct genetic differentiation among the sampled kelp populations,and L.japonica grown in China was also rather heterozygous in heredity.  相似文献   

Development of EST-SSR primers and their practicability test for Larninaria     

WANGGuoliang  TANXiaolong  SHENJunling  LIJian  ZHANGLei  SUNJianwei  WANGBin  WENGManli  LIUTao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(3)

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光质对海带配子体生长发育影响的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

隋晓伟  任伟  闫文华  刘升平  杨宁 《海洋科学》2011,35(4):33-36

以孢子水采苗的海带(Laminaria japonica)配子体为材料,研究了蓝光、绿光、红光对配子体生长,发育的影响.结果表明:蓝光对生长、发育的促进作用最大,绿光其次,红光对生长有促进作用,对发育的促进作用不大;在一定的光强范围内,配子体的生长速度都随着光强的提高而加快,当蓝光超过8001x、绿光超过16001x、...  相似文献   

温度胁迫对掌状海带幼苗生长、抗氧化系统及叶绿素荧光的影响     

凌晶宇  梁洲瑞  王飞久  孙修涛  汪文俊  刘福利  姚海芹 《海洋科学》2015,39(12):39-45

采用掌状海带(Laminariadigitata)幼苗为实验材料,研究了不同温度(3、8、13、18℃)对其生长、抗氧化系统及叶绿素荧光参数的影响。测定主要参数有:相对生长速率(RGR)、可溶性蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、PSII最大荧光产量(Fv/Fm)、最大相对电子传递速率(r ETRmax)结果表明:(1)掌状海带幼苗的RGR在13℃下达最大值,与3℃处理组对比呈显著性差异(P0.05)。(2)3℃处理4 h或18℃处理36 h对掌状海带幼苗SOD、CAT活性有显著影响。(3)3℃培养条件下,掌状海带幼苗的Fv/Fm、r ETRmax值显著低于对照组(13℃);18℃处理组的Fv/Fm值随着胁迫时间的延长而降低,其r ETRmax值在胁迫4 h后达最大;处理24 h,8℃处理组的r ETRmax值显著高于其他处理组。  相似文献   

泡叶藻及海带藻渣中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的提取及其抗氧化活性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘旭  曲桂燕  周裔彬  袁毅  韩丽君 《海洋科学》2013,37(12):34-39

采用超声波辅助提取方法提取泡叶藻(Ascophyllum mackaii)及海带(Laminaria japonica)藻渣中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯, 以均匀试验设计建立回归模型优化高效制备提取工艺。采用高效凝胶过滤色谱法(HPGPC)进行了相对分子质量检测及理化性质分析; 利用Fenton 反应检测法、邻苯三酚自氧化法等进行了抗氧化活性研究。结果表明, 优化的高效制备技术的超声波最佳条件为超声70 min, 温度为90℃,水提时间2 h, 料液比1︰ 80, 泡叶藻及海带藻渣中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的高效提取率分别为4.49%和3.69%,分子质量分别为142 kDa 和136 kDa, 泡叶藻和海带藻渣中的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯均具有较好的清除超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基能力及还原能力。海带的抗氧化活性总体略高于泡叶藻。  相似文献   

浸洗对淡干海带中主要金属元素含量及海藻酸盐组成的影响     

潘若才  王兵兵  赵卫  龙晓静  朱嘉琳  朱顺生  姚久勇  李凯  夏延致 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(5):959-963

以烟台海域淡干海带为实验材料,对浸洗前后其主要金属元素含量及海藻酸根阴离子基团含量进行了研究。结果表明:淡干海带经过浸洗后钾、钠元素含量下降60%以上,镁元素含量下降31.6%,钙、锶元素含量下降小于10%,海藻酸根阴离子基团相对含量上升了一倍;通过比较主要金属阳离子和海藻酸根阴离子基团含量,证明浸洗之后的海带样品中各金属元素主要以海藻酸盐的形式存在于海带中,计算得到各类海藻酸盐含量(湿重,wt%)依次为:海藻酸钾22.2%、海藻酸钙14.6%、海藻酸镁11.4%、海藻酸钠10.5%。XRD(X-Ray Diffraction,X射线衍射)分析表明海带浸出物含有无机盐类物质,在浸洗之后海带样品无明显无机盐的衍射峰,证明浸洗可除去海带样品中的无机盐。  相似文献   

海带中砷在大鼠体内代谢过程中的形态变化     

赵梦醒  刘淇  曹荣  雷敏  赵玲 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(8):54-60

研究了海带中砷元素在大鼠体内代谢过程中的形态变化。采用Wistar大鼠按体重随机分为空白对照组和高剂量海带组、低剂量海带组,每组10只,雌雄各半,分别灌胃基础饲料和添加50%、25%海带粉(占饲料粉的比例)的饲料。实验结束后,取大鼠血液、胃内容物、回肠内容物、回盲部内容物和大肠末端内容物,采用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(HPLC-ICP-MS)测定样品中的砷形态和含量。结果表明,海带中的砷在大鼠体内代谢过程中形态发生变化;空白对照组大鼠胃、回肠、回盲部和大肠末端的内容物中砷含量较低,主要砷形态为二甲基砷(DMA)和五价砷(AsⅤ),且不含有砷糖化合物;添加海带组大鼠胃、回肠、回盲部、大肠末端内容物中含有砷糖化合物及少量的砷胆碱(AsC)、砷甜菜碱(AsB)、DMA和AsⅤ,海带中的砷在大鼠的大肠末端主要以砷糖和小分子有机砷形态排出体外。空白对照组和添加海带组大鼠血液中的砷形态均为DMA和少量AsⅤ,添加海带组大鼠血液中未检出砷糖化合物。本研究旨在为阐明海带中砷元素在体内的代谢变化提供参考依据。  相似文献   

Effects of blue light on gametophyte development of Laminaria japonica (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)     

Shi Cuijuan  Kataoka Hironao  Duan Delin 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(3):323-329

Laminaria gametophyte was greatly influenced by light in its growth and development. Using light-emitting diodes (LED) as blue and red light sources, we analyzed the light effect on gametophytes development ofLaminaria japonica Aresch. The gametophytes were obtained from zoospores collected in April, May, July, 2003 and September, 2004. We found that the growth of gametophytes was stimulated by increasing intensity of blue light (BL) and red light (RL) illumination, of which BL was obviously stronger than that of RL. The fertilization of gametophytes depended largely on BL, and only sufficient BL illumination could take the reproductive effect. In addition, we noticed that there was a significant difference in light responses for gametophytes developed from zoospore collected in different times. For zoospores released in April, under BL₁ (73.90 μmol photons/m·s), the unicellular female gametophytes and multi-cellular male gametophytes produced eggs and sperms respectively, and further developed towards sporophytes. However, for gametophytes developed in May, July or September, they became multi-cellular and never formed oogonia or antheridia. It is believed that theLaminaria sporangium maturation stage could affect the gametophytes reaction to BL under laboratory culture conditions. Therefore, cryptochrome- or phototropin-like BL photoreceptors is probably involved in BL-induced development ofLaminaria gametophytes. This research was supported by the NSFC (No.40376049) and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (The Invitation Fellowship for Research in Japan 2002).  相似文献