Effects of Pseudoalteromonas sp.BC228 on Digestive Enzyme Activity and Immune Response of Juvenile Sea Cucumber （Apostichopus japonicus）     

MA Yuexin SUN Feixue ZHANG Congyao BAO Pengyun CAO Shuqing ZHANG Meiyan 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(6):1061-1066

A marine bacterium,Pseudoalteromonas sp.BC228 was supplemented to feed in a feeding experiment aiming to determine its ability of enhancing the digestive enzyme activity and immune response of juvenile Apostichopusjaponicus.Sea cucumber individuals were fed with the diets containing 0 （control）,105,107 and 109 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 for 45 days.Results showed that intestinal trypsin and lipase activities were significantly enhanced by 107 and 109 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 in comparison with control （P〈0.01）.The phagocytic activity in the coelomocytes of sea cucumber fed the diet supplemented with 107 CFUg-1 diet of BC228 was significantly higher than that of those fed control diet （P〈0.05）.In addition,105 and 107 CFUg-1 diet of BC228 significantly enhanced lysozyme and phenoloxidase activities in the coelomic fluid of sea cucumber,respectively,in comparison with other diets （P 〈 0.01）.Sea cucumbers,10 each diet,were challenged with Vibrio splendidus NB 13 after 45 days of feeding.It was found that the cumulative incidence and mortality of sea cucumber fed with BC228 containing diets were lower than those of animals fed control diet.Our findings evidenced that BC228 supplemented in diets improved the digestive enzyme activity of juvenile sea cucumber,stimulated its immune response and enhanced its resistance to the infection of V.splendidus.  相似文献   

The effect of chemical cues on the settlement of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) larvae     

SUN Xiujun  LI Qi  YU Hong  and KONG Lingfeng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(2):321-330

The effects of four ions and eight neuroactive compounds on inducing larval settlement of A. japonicus were assessed in the present study. All bioassays were conducted in 60 × 9 mm Petri dishes, each contained 10 mL of the test solution and 10 doliolaria larvae. There were significant inductive effects of K+(10- mmol L-1), NH+4(0.1 mmol L1), GABA(10-3 mol L-1), acetylcholine(10-5 mol L-1), L-DOPA(10-5 mol L-1), norepinephrine(10-5 mol L-1) and dopamine(10-7 mol L-1 and 10-5 mol L-1) on the settlement of sea cucumber larvae. L-DOPA and dopamine are the most efficient chemical cues to induce A. japonicus larvae to settle. The highest percentage of larval settlement was induced by 10-5 mol L-1 L-DOPA and dopamine(33% and 40%) compared to the control(7%). However, Ca2+, Mg2+, choline, serotonin, and epinephrine were less effective on larval settlement at all tested concentrations. This study evaluated the stability and feasibility of chemical cues for larval settlement in different culture systems, which can be applied to improve the hatchery production of this valuable species.  相似文献   

Effect of Bacillus baekryungensis YD13 supplemented in diets on growth performance and immune response of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus)     

Fajun Yan  Xiangli Tian  Shuanglin Dong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(5):805-810

The effect of a potential probiotic on the growth performance and immune response of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) was investigated. Bacillus baekryungensis YD13 isolated from sea cucumber culturing ponds was added to sea cucumber basal feed as a probiotic in different doses(0, the control; 1×104(YD134), 1×106(YD136) and 1×108(YD138) CFU g-1 of diet), and administered orally to A. japonicus(initial mean wet weight 5.44 g ± 0.17 g). The sea cucumbers were fed in 20 aquaria, 5 each treatment, for 60 d. At the end of growth trial, 20 sea cucumbers from each treatment were challenged with Vibrio splendidus. A. japonicus in YD134 and YD136 exhibited significantly better growth performance than control(P 0.05). Five non-specific immune parameters including lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in coelomic fluid were measured to evaluate the immune response of A. japonicus to the probiotics. Results showed that all parameters were significantly improved when YD11 was supplemented in the dose of 1×106 CFU g-1(P 0.05). The cumulative incidence and mortality after the Vibrio splendidus challenge decreased significantly in sea cucumbers of YD136. Accordingly, 1×106 CFU g-1 of YD13 in diet was recommended for the growth promotion and immune enhancement of A. japonicus.  相似文献   

刺参（Apostichopus japonicus）幼参对高温和低盐协同胁迫的生理响应:生长和诱导型热休克蛋白基因表达     

于姗姗  李学玉  何振平  王青林  孙桂清  付仲 《海洋学报》2022,44(2):94-101

全球气候变化背景下的极端高温和强降雨频发天气导致的养殖池塘持续性的高温和低盐环境给刺参池塘养殖带来了严峻的挑战。为了研究刺参对高温和低盐环境的生理响应,本实验分析了高温和低盐协同胁迫对刺参幼参生长及诱导型hsp70和hsp90基因表达的影响。实验设置4个温度梯度（16℃、20℃、24℃和28℃）和3个盐度梯度（22、27和32）,共12个不同的胁迫组。经过40 d的长期胁迫,研究发现,随着温度的升高和盐度的降低,幼参的体重增加量减少,并在高温、低盐组出现体重负增长。长期胁迫提高了刺参幼参的诱导型hsp70和hsp90基因表达量,从而在一定程度上增强了对极端天气的抵抗能力。同时,高温下盐度22处理组刺参幼参诱导型hsp70和hsp90基因的表达量较盐度27条件下低。双因子方差分析结果显示,高温和低盐对幼参特定生长率和诱导型hsp70和hsp90基因表达量的交互作用均不显著,并且盐度对诱导型hsp70和hsp90基因表达量没有显著的影响。因此,相较低盐,高温对刺参幼参的影响更大,可作为刺参育种的选择压力。在高温期应该采取有效措施降低海水温度,并防止极端天气造成的养殖水体温度分层。该研究丰富了刺参生理生态学理论,可为刺参良种选育工作提供思路,并为指导极端天气下刺参生产实践活动提供一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

饲料中添加壳寡糖对花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)幼鱼的生长、消化和血清生化指标的影响     

胡晓伟  上官静波  黎中宝  杨敏  徐安乐 《海洋学报》2018,40(2):69-76

本试验旨在研究壳寡糖对花鲈（Lateolabrax japonicus）幼鱼生长，肠道消化，血清生化指标及肠道菌群的影响。本试验选用360尾规格一致的花鲈幼鱼（19.37 g左右）为研究对象。壳寡糖饲料添加浓度设为6组:0%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%。设3个平行组，养殖周期45 d。结果显示:（1）生长性能:添加0.6%和0.8%两组的增重率、特定生长率与对照组相比有提高（P>0.05）；（2）肠道消化酶:添加0.6%~1.0%的壳寡糖显著（P<0.05）提高胰蛋白酶活性，0.4%~0.8%的壳寡糖显著（P<0.05）提高了脂肪酶活性；（3）肠道菌群:0.6%~1.0%的壳寡糖显著降低了沙门氏菌数量（P<0.05），大肠杆菌的数量在0.8%时显著降低（P<0.05），双歧杆菌的数量在0.2%~0.6%时显著增加（P<0.05）；（4）血清生化指标:壳寡糖显著提高血清总蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量（P<0.05）；（5）血清非特异性免疫:添加0.6%的壳寡糖显著降低丙二醛（P>0.05），0.2%的壳寡糖增强超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化物酶活性，添加壳寡糖使溶菌酶的活性显著增强（P<0.05）。研究结果表明:饲料中添加0.6%~0.8%的壳寡糖对花鲈幼鱼生长性能、血脂及肠道健康影响效果最佳。  相似文献   

菲对日本虎斑猛水蚤摄食、生长发育和繁殖的影响     

李连旭  王军  李旋  王东  汝少国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2022,52(3):80-87

为探究多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)污染对海洋桡足类的毒性效应,本研究以日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)为受试生物,选取菲(Phenanthrene,Phe)作为PAHs的代表开展暴露试验.急性毒性试验测得Phe对日本虎斑猛水蚤的96 h半...  相似文献   

福建近海2个鮐鱼群体遗传结构与遗传多样性分析     

牛素芳  苏永全  钟声平  曾凡荣  王军 《台湾海峡》2012,31(4):509-516

测定了福建近海鮐鱼(Scomber japonicus)2个群体共62尾个体的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)控制区序列,探讨了闽东、闽南群体的遗传结构和遗传多样性.获得长度为864 bp的控制区全序列,在所分析的62个样本中,共检测到35个变异位点,定义了36个单倍型,平均单倍型多样性(h)为0.960,核苷酸多样性(π)为0.009 85,核苷酸差异数(K)为8.508,提示鮐鱼是一个遗传多样性水平较高的稳定的大种群.构建的单倍型邻接关系树和单倍型网络图均没有表现出明显的地理分布特征.分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,遗传变异全部存在于群体内个体间,2个群体间具有相似的遗传结构.群体间和群体内的Kimura双参数遗传距离均为0.01.Tajima’s D中性检验及核苷酸不配对分析暗示鮐鱼是一个平衡的大种群,mtDNA控制区符合中性理论进化.结果显示,福建近海鮐鱼遗传多样性较高,闽东、闽南群体间不存在显著的遗传分化.扩散能力、种群大小、栖息地环境和台湾海峡环流促进了鮐鱼2个群体间频繁的基因交流,可能是闽东群体和闽南群体具有相似遗传结构的重要原因.  相似文献   

Construction of cDNA library from intestine, mesentery and coelomocyte of Apostichopus japonicus Selenka infected with Vibrio sp. and a preliminary analysis of immunity-related genes     

Hongzhan Liu  Fengrong Zheng  Xiuqin Sun  Yimei Cai 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(2):187-196

The aquaculture of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) has grown rapidly during recent years and has become an important sector of the marine industry in Northern China. However, with the rapid growth of the industry and the use of non-standard culture techniques, epidemic diseases of A. japonicus now pose increasing problems to the industry. To screen the genes with stress response to bacterial infection in sea cucumber at a genome wide level, we constructed a cDNA library from A. japonicus Selenka (Aspidochirotida: Stichopodidae) after infecting them with Vibrio sp. for 48 h. Total RNA was extracted from the intestine, mesentery and coelomocyte of infected sea cucumber using Trizol and mRNA was isolated by Oligotex mRNA Kits. The ligated cDNAs were transformed into DH5α, and a library of 3.24×105 clones (3.24×105 cfu mL-1) was obtained with the sizes of inserted fragments ranging from 0.8 to 2.5 kb. Sequencing the cDNA clones resulted in a total of 1106 ESTs that passed the quality control. BlastX and BlastN searches have identified 168 (31.5%) ESTs sharing significant homology with known sequences in NCBI protein or nucleotide databases. Among a panel of 25 putative immunity-related genes, serum lectin isoform, complement component 3, complement component 3-like genes were further studied by real-time PCR and they all increased more than 5 fold in response to Vibrio sp. challenge. Our library provides a valuable molecular tool for future study of invertebrate immunity against bacterial infection and our gene expression data indicates the importance of the immune system in the evolution and development of sea cucumber.  相似文献   

Growth, metabolism and physiological response of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka during periods of inactivity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DU Rongbin  ZANG Yuanqi  TIAN Xiangli  DONG Shuanglin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(1):146-154

The growth, metabolism and physiological response of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, were investigated during periods of inactivity. The body weight, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), activities of acidic phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and content of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in the body wall and coelomic fluid of A. japonicus were measured during starvation, experimental aestivation and aestivation. The results showed that the body weight of sea cucumber in the three treatments decreased significantly during the experimental period (P < 0.05). The OCR of sea cucumber reduced in starvation and experimental aestivation treatments, but increased gradually in natural aestivation treatment. The activities of ACP and AKP of sea cucumber decreased gradually in all treatments, whereas those of SOD and CAT as well as Hsp70 content decreased in the starvation and experimental aestivation treatments and increased in natural aestivation treatment. The sea cucumber entered a state of aestivation at 24℃. To some extent, the animals in experimental aestivation were different from those in natural aestivation in metabolism and physiological response. These findings suggested that the aestivation mechanism of A. japonicus is complex and may not be attributed to the elevated temperature only.  相似文献   

Effects of water depth and substrate color on the growth and body color of the red sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus     

姜森颢  董双林  高勤峰  任贻超  王芳 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(3):616-623

Three color variants of the sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus are recognized,the red one is highly valued in the market. When the red variant is cultured in ponds in China,its body color changes from red to celadon in 3–6 months. The effects of water depth and substrate color on the growth and body color of this animal were investigated. Juveniles of red A. japonicus were cultured in cages suspended at a range of water depths(20,50,100,150 and 200 cm). The specific growth rate of red sea cucumbers was significantly higher in animals cultured at deeper water layers compared with those grown at shallowers. Body weights were greatest for sea cucumbers cultured at a depth of 150 cm and their survival rates were highest at a depth of 200 cm. A scale to evaluate the color of red sea cucumbers(R value) was developed using a Pantone standard color card. All stocked animals in the 9-month trial retained a red color,however the red body color was much more intense in sea cucumbers cultured at shallower depths,while animals suspended in deeper layers became pale. In a separate trial,A. japonicus were cultured in suspended cages with seven different colored substrates. Substrate color had a significant effect on the growth and body-color of red A. japonicus. The yield were greatest for A. japonicus cultured on a yellow substrate,followed by green white orange red black and blue. All sea cucumbers in the 7-month trial retained a red color,although the red was most intense(highest R value) in animals cultured on a blue substrate and pale(lowest R value) for animals cultured on a green substrate.  相似文献