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31.
Low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking: a comparison between analytical linear orbit perturbation theory and numerical integration 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P.N.A.M. Visser 《Journal of Geodesy》2005,79(1-3):160-166
Low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking (ll-SST) range-rate observations have been predicted by two methods: one based on a linear perturbation theory in combination with the Hill equations, and one based on solving the equations of motion of two low-flying satellites by numerical integration. The two methods produce almost equivalent Fourier spectra of the range-rate observations after properly taking into account a few resonant terms. For a typical GRACE-type configuration, where the two satellites trail each other at a distance of 300 km at an altitude of 460 km, and in the presence of the EGM96 gravity field model, complete to spherical harmonic degree and order 70, the agreement between the Fourier spectra is about 1 mm/s compared to a root-mean-square (RMS) value of more than 220 mm/s for the range-rate signal. The discrepancy of 1 mm/s can be reduced significantly when not taking into account perturbations caused by the J2 term. Excluding the J2 term, the agreement between the two methods improves to 0.4 mm/s compared to a RMS value of 6 mm/s for the range-rate signal. These values are 0.01 and 2.3 mm/s when ignoring the spectrum for frequencies below two cycles per orbital revolution, reducing the discrepancy even further to about 0.5% of the signal. The selected linear perturbation theory is thus capable of modeling gravity field induced range-rate observations with very high precision for a large part of the spectrum. 相似文献
32.
In space-borne gravitational field determination, two challenges are inherent. First, the continuation of the data down to
the surface of the Earth is an ill-posed problem, requiring therefore regularization techniques. Second huge data sets result
requiring efficient numerical methods. In this paper, we show how locally supported wavelets on the sphere can be developed
by means of a spherical version of the so-called up function. By construction, the corresponding scaling functions and wavelets
are infinitely smooth, so that they can be used for regularization purposes. In particular, we show how the ill-posed pseudo-differential
equations coming from satellite missions can be regularized by efficient numerical schemes using locally supported wavelets.
These methods seem in particular to be interesting for regional gravity field modelling. 相似文献
33.
Desertification is a severe stage of land degradation, manifested by “desert-like” conditions in dryland areas. Climatic conditions together with geomorphologic processes help to mould desert-like soil surface features in arid zones. The identification of these soil features serves as a useful input for understanding the desertification process and land degradation as a whole. In the present study, imaging spectrometer data were used to detect and map desert-like surface features. Absorption feature parameters in the spectral region between 0.4 and 2.5 μm wavelengths were analysed and correlated with soil properties, such as soil colour, soil salinity, gypsum content, etc. Soil groupings were made based on their similarities and their spectral reflectance curves were studied. Distinct differences in the reflectance curves throughout the spectrum were exhibited between groups. Although the samples belonging to the same group shared common properties, the curves still showed differences within the same group.Characteristic reflectance curves of soil surface features were derived from spectral measurements both in the field and in the laboratory, and mean reflectance values derived from image pixels representing known features. Linear unmixing and spectral angle matching techniques were applied to assess their suitability in mapping surface features for land degradation studies. The study showed that linear unmixing provided more realistic results for mapping “desert-like” surface features than the spectral angle matching technique. 相似文献
34.
35.
Hu Yinqiao 《大气科学进展》2002,19(3):448-458
从一般的热力学原理或其它自然原理对唯象关系所强加的限制,能够演绎出大气系统的一系列热力学性质。利用非平衡态线性热力学导出了湍流K闭合理论中湍流交换系数同唯象系数的关系,从理论上证明大气系统热量湍流输送同水泡之间存在交叉耦合,还导出了湍流强度同速度和位温梯度的关系,从而证明速度和位温空间分布的非均匀性是湍流之源。并证明湍流强度定理,不可压缩气体和各向同性湍流大气中,湍流强度正比于速度与位温梯度的标积。进而证明大气涡旋定理,位温的切变将导致涡旋运动或各种环流运动,速度涡度等于速度同位温相对梯度的矢积。展现了线性热力学在大气系统的应用前景。 相似文献
36.
简单介绍了SAR图像的纹理特征以及正交小波变换纹理提取方法。论述了SAR图像的纹理特征参与分类的重要性。以长白山天池火山为例,通过对ERS2SAR图像进行纹理分析,提取了SAR图像两个层次的尺度变化、时频局部化和方向性纹理特征。并将SAR纹理特征与TM图像及DEM进行复合,利用多源信息各自的优势,进行了BP神经元网络分类,从较大范围对长白山天池火山735±15aB.P.大喷发的喷发物空间分布进行评价。获取了长白山天池火山近代喷发物的空间分布及规模。这对长白山天池火山未来喷发危险性初步评价、火山地质制图及火山灾害预测有重要意义。 相似文献
37.
4280 a B.P.太行山大地震与大禹治水后(4070a B.P.)的黄河下游河道 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
我国古籍所载黄河下游最早河道有禹贡河和山经河,它们在今郑州以北均沿太行山东麓北流。其原因可能与公元前4280年太行山大地震有关。 相似文献
38.
Samples of dune sands, surveys of the morphology and field measurements of wind velocity and direction of a simple linear dune in Taklimakan Sand Sea show that the airflow and sand flux vary with the change of wind direction on the dune surface. Decrease of the airflow stress on the lee flank does not result in much decrease of the sand flux because of the low threshold shear velocities and the airflow conditions. There are no significant relations between the sand flux on the lee flank and the angle of incidence of the airflow. The low threshold shear velocities and the maintenance of the sand flux at the lee flank are the main mechanisms keeping the linear shape of the dunes. Measurements of the sand flux shows that it reaches a maximum on the crest of the dune. The grain size of the transported sands has some differences compared to that of the dune surface. The sands transported are finer than that on the dune surface, but better sorted under the influence of the medium to low wind activity. The field experiment results exhibit that it is possible for the dunes to be shaped as linear dunes during the processes of accumulation and elongation. 相似文献
39.
对纯方位系统单目标定位与跟踪进行了研究。利用二乘滤波原理,给出了多方位一距离滤波法应用于观测器方位序列估计目标运动参数的数学模型,给出并严格证明了方位与初距的变化规律,为建立快速、实用的可视化多模型法打下了理论基础。 相似文献
40.