全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2050篇 |
免费 | 414篇 |
国内免费 | 283篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 12篇 |
大气科学 | 114篇 |
地球物理 | 446篇 |
地质学 | 561篇 |
海洋学 | 1444篇 |
天文学 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 94篇 |
自然地理 | 68篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 35篇 |
2022年 | 60篇 |
2021年 | 60篇 |
2020年 | 62篇 |
2019年 | 69篇 |
2018年 | 67篇 |
2017年 | 185篇 |
2016年 | 99篇 |
2015年 | 101篇 |
2014年 | 176篇 |
2013年 | 106篇 |
2012年 | 97篇 |
2011年 | 153篇 |
2010年 | 121篇 |
2009年 | 150篇 |
2008年 | 141篇 |
2007年 | 124篇 |
2006年 | 95篇 |
2005年 | 67篇 |
2004年 | 67篇 |
2003年 | 71篇 |
2002年 | 117篇 |
2001年 | 58篇 |
2000年 | 60篇 |
1999年 | 63篇 |
1998年 | 55篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 32篇 |
1995年 | 29篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 32篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2747条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
The ingestion of plastic marine debris is a chronic problem for some of the world’s seabird species, contributing to reduced chick survival, population declines, and deposition of contaminants via absorption in birds’ gastrointestinal tract. We analysed the frequency of ingested plastic in chick meals delivered by adults in four species of auklet - Crested (Aethia cristatella), Least (A. pusilla), Parakeet (A. psittacula), and Whiskered (A. pygmaea) - from three breeding colonies in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA over a 14-year period from 1993 to 2006. Among 2541 chick meals, we found plastic in only one - from a Whiskered Auklet on Buldir Island in 1993. While adult Parakeet Auklets have a high frequency of plastic ingestion (over 90%), no chick meals contained plastic. Unlike other seabirds, the planktivorous auklets do not appear to offload plastic to their chicks, and we conclude that auklet chicks are probably at a low risk of contamination from plastic debris. 相似文献
992.
Current predictions as to the impacts of climate change in general and Arctic climate change in particular are such that a wide range of processes relevant to Arctic contaminants are potentially vulnerable. Of these, radioactive contaminants and the processes that govern their transport and fate may be particularly susceptible to the effects of a changing Arctic climate. This paper explores the potential changes in the physical system of the Arctic climate system as they are deducible from present day knowledge and model projections. As a contribution to a better preparedness regarding Arctic marine contamination with radioactivity we present and discuss how a changing marine physical environment may play a role in altering the current understanding pertaining to behavior of contaminant radionuclides in the marine environment of the Arctic region. 相似文献
993.
Hyo-Bang Moon Kurunthachalam Kannan Yong-Rock An Jung-Youn Park Dae-Yeon Moon 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(7):1130-9764
This is the first study to report the concentrations and accumulation profiles of PFCs in marine mammals from Korea. The concentrations and profiles of 10 PFCs in the liver of minke whales and common dolphins from Korean coastal waters were recorded in this study. The mean concentrations of PFOS and PFUnDA were 3-20 times higher than that found for other PFCs analyzed. The concentrations of PFOS in cetaceans from Korea were relatively lower than those reported in other countries. Inter-species differences in the concentrations of PFOS, PFOSA and PFNA were found between two cetacean species, while no difference was observed in the concentrations of PFDA, PFUnDA and PFDoDA between the species. The dominant PFC compounds found in cetaceans were PFUnDA and PFOS, accounting for 70-80% of the PFCs. The accumulation profiles and correlation analysis indicated that two cetacean species have different exposure routes and metabolic capacity for PFCs. 相似文献
994.
Practical engineering approaches and infrastructure to address the problem of marine debris in Korea
Rho-Taek Jung Author Vitae Hong Gun Sung Sang-In Keel 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1523-1532
As a solution to the problem of persistent solid marine debris, a nationwide project began in Korea in 1999 to develop and popularize fundamental changes to the infrastructure. The ten year project, called “A Practical Integrated System for Marine Debris,” consists of four linked types of technology: prevention, deep-water survey, removal and treatment (recycling). These reflect the characteristics of marine debris, which though widespread, vary by location and time of generation. Each technical component has each representative outcome that has been outreached the local governments and marine debris-related associations. The in situ infrastructures lead to enhance the retrieval of the marine debris and create direct and indirect benefits to industry. Both end-of-pipe technology improvement and the introduction of front-of-pipe technology should be considered as we strive to reduce the generation of marine debris in Korean coastal areas. 相似文献
995.
Aivo Lepland Thorbjørn J. Andersen Hans Peter H. Arp Gijs D. Breedveld Anders Rindby 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1512-1522
Stratigraphic profiles of Cu, Cd and Hg in ten sediment cores from the Oslo harbor, Norway, combined with results of radiometric dating demonstrate that pollution by these metals peaked between 1940 and 1970. Dating results indicate that Hg discharges peaked between 1940 and 1950, Cd reached maximum ca. 1955-1960, and Cu has the highest concentration in sediment interval corresponding to ca. 1970. Geochemical profiles and maxima of Cu, Cd and Hg concentrations can be used as chronostratigraphic markers for sediment cores from the Oslo harbor. Acoustic backscatter and sediment core data indicate that propeller wash affects the seabed in the Oslo harbor. The propeller-induced turbulence causes erosion, and in places exposes and remobilizes contaminated sediments that accumulated in the harbor during previous decades. Such re-exposure of contaminated sediments could be detrimental to local ecosystems and offset remediation efforts, warranting further impact studies and potential mitigation strategies to prevent redistribution. 相似文献
996.
Katrina L. Smith 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1615-1618
The consumption of fish and shrimp containing omega-3 fatty acids can result in protective health effects including a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes. These protective effects may be decreased by the presence of mercury in the muscle tissue of fish and shellfish. Mercury can increase the risk of cardiovascular problems and impede neurological development. The objective of this project was to determine appropriate consumption amounts of selected fish species and shrimp based on mercury levels and recommended intake levels of omega-3 fatty acids. Species that are high in omega-3s and low in mercury include salmon, trout, and shrimp. Species with both high levels of mercury and omega-3 fatty acids include tuna, shark, and halibut, swordfish, and sea bass. 相似文献
997.
Characteristics of drift and beaching of floating marine litter in the Japan Sea are examined numerically using the reanalysis data of the Japan Sea Forecasting System of Kyushu University. The residence time of model marine litter deployed uniformly over the surface of the Japan Sea strongly depends on the buoyancy ratio. However, almost all litter beaches or flows out through straits within 3 years. Experiments with inputs of litter imposed at large cities and the Tsushima Straits as well as river basins of the Japan Sea exhibit a good agreement with beach surveys with regard to country ratios of beached litter along the Japanese coast in cases of lighters. In a case of lighter, almost all lighters originating from Japan beach along the Japanese coast, while almost all lighters originating from a country surrounding the Japan Sea except Japan beach along the coast of that country and the Japanese coast. 相似文献
998.
Michail I. Gladyshev Nadezhda N. Sushchik Olesia N. Makhutova Olga P. Dubovskaya Elena S. Kravchuk Galina S. Kalachova Elena B. Khromechek 《Limnologica》2010,40(4):343-357
During two sampling seasons we analyzed on weekly basis fatty acid (FA) composition of seston fraction <130 μm and zooplankton fraction >130 μm, and compared them using a multivariate canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Besides, we evaluated a possible impact of water temperature and inorganic nutrients on FA composition of the seston and the zooplankton.In spite of significant differences in percentages of several individual FAs, we found very strong canonical correlation (cross-correlation, 1-week lag) between FA composition of the seston and the zooplankton. The most important factor, providing the overall canonical cross-correlation between FA profiles of the seston and the zooplankton fractions was eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω3, EPA). FA composition of the zooplankton fraction had comparatively poor correlations with taxonomic composition of the zooplankton. Thus, seasonal variations of FA composition of the zooplankton were determined primarily by seasonal changes in FA composition of the seston, rather than by taxonomic differences of FA profiles between rotifers, cyclopoids and cladocerans. FA composition of the seston was strongly affected by its taxonomic composition, namely by that of phytoplankton. According to CCA, the highest factor loadings pertained to diatoms interacting with their marker acids, including EPA, and cyanobacteria and greens, interacting with their marker acids. Ciliates and small rotifers composed considerable and sometimes major part of the seston biomass, but according to CCA their contributions to seasonal variations of the total FA profile of the seston were insignificant. This finding indirectly support the conclusion of the other authors, that the main source of FAs presented in ciliates and rotifers must be sought in algae and that they do not modify FA composition of food consumed, apart from repackaging it.Water temperature was the principal environmental parameter which drove the overall variations of FA composition. Factor loadings for the inorganic nutrients were comparatively negligible. The main contribution in the seasonal variation of FA composition of the seston was given by negative interaction between water temperature and percentage of EPA in the seston. 相似文献
999.
Occurrence and levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in recent sediments and marine organisms from Xiamen offshore areas, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Surface sediments and porewater from 12 sites within Xiamen offshore areas and organisms from a heavily contaminated site Yuandang Lagoon were sampled and analyzed for eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) congeners (-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183 and -209). The total concentrations of eight PBDEs (∑8PBDEs) and BDE-209 in sediments ranged from 0.27 to 76.54 ng/g with an average of 16.31 ng/g and from 0.10 to 70.11 ng/g with an average of 14.94 ng/g, respectively. Concentrations of ∑8PBDEs in porewater ranged from 2.5 to 34.1 ng/L, with a mean value of 15.3 ng/L. In this study, the partition coefficients (log ) of PBDE congeners (without -209) were significantly correlated with their octanol-water partition coefficients (log KOW) (r2 = 0.74, P < 0.01). ∑8PBDE concentrations ranged from 0.33 to 1.26 ng/g (lipid weight) in marine organisms, and PBDE congener patterns were significantly different between fish and clam, crab. 相似文献
1000.