基于新型分层邻域阈值搜索法提高水下潜器重力匹配导航的匹配效率          下载免费PDF全文

李钊伟  郑伟  吴凡  房静 《地球物理学报》2019,62(7):2405-2416

本文开展了水下潜器重力匹配导航的匹配效率改善研究.第一,为克服传统TERCOM算法逐点遍历搜索效率较低的缺点,提出新型分层邻域阈值搜索法.其原理如下:首先,利用4格网间隔数进行粗搜索匹配;其次,为提高初始匹配点的选取标准设置4mGal阈值(基准图上重力值与实测重力值之差),对选取的若干粗搜索行最佳匹配点周围24邻域点进行取舍并匹配比较;最后,获得搜索范围内最佳匹配点.第二,综合考虑了重力场标准差、峰度系数、坡度标准差、粗糙度、信息熵等重力场主要特征参数,将其作为适配区优劣的分析依据.第三,在适配性良好的区域内,在保证水下导航精度的前提下,基于分层邻域阈值搜索法,以本文参数设置为例,水下潜器重力匹配导航的匹配效率提高约14.14倍.  相似文献   

Methods for detecting apparent differences between spatial tessellations at different time points     

Atsushi Masuyama 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(6):633-648

This paper proposes methods for detecting apparent differences between spatial tessellations at two different points in time, with the objective of conflation of spatial tessellations at multiple time points. The methods comprise three steps. First, we eliminate systematic differences between tessellations using the affine transformation. Second, we match subregions between tessellations at two points in time and match boundaries based on matching relationships between the subregions. Third, we propose a distance metric for measuring differences between the matched boundaries and a method for determining whether the measured differences are apparent or not. We apply the proposed methods to a part of the US Census data for 1990 and 2000 and empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods.  相似文献   

Localized versus wide-ranging effects of the post-Soviet wars in the Caucasus on agricultural abandonment     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

Wars are frequent and can affect land use substantially, but the effects of wars can vary greatly depending on their characteristics, such as intensity or duration. Furthermore, the spatial scale of the effects can differ. The effects of wars may be localized and thus close to conflict locations if direct mechanisms matter most (e.g., abandonment because active fighting precludes farming), or wide-ranging, e.g., farther away from conflict locations, if indirect mechanisms predominate (e.g., no access to agricultural inputs). Our goal was to quantify how the very different wars in the Caucasus region during post-Soviet times most likely affected agricultural abandonment at different scales. We analyzed data on conflict locations plus Landsat-derived land-cover data from 1987 to 2015, and applied matching statistics, difference-in-differences estimators, and logistic panel regressions. We examined the localized versus wide-ranging effects of the different wars on permanent agricultural abandonment and inferred to direct and indirect mechanisms that may have resulted in agricultural abandonment. While permanent agricultural abandonment was overall surprisingly limited across the Caucasus, up to one third of abandonment was most likely related to the wars. Among the wars, the war in Chechnya was by far the most intense and longest, but its effect on abandonment was similar to the less intense and relatively short war in Abkhazia. 47 % and 45 % of agricultural abandonment was related to each war, respectively. The reason was that the effect of the war in Chechnya was more localized, and abandonment occurred near conflict locations, in contrast to Abkhazia, where the effect was wide-ranging and abandonment occurred farther away from conflict locations. In contrast, the war in South Ossetia showed no significant effect on abandonment, and the war in Nagorno-Karabakh had the surprising pattern that abandonment was higher where no war had occurred. For each of the wars, abandonment was predominately related to the nearest conflict locations, but in Abkhazia additional conflict locations within 10 km further increased the probability of abandonment. We infer that the direct mechanisms of the war such as bombing, and active fighting most likely resulted in a localized effect close to conflict locations in Chechnya and in Nagorno-Karabakh. However, in Nagorno-Karabakh subsidies for new settlers after the war, (i.e., a positive wide-ranging effect), potentially reduced the amount of abandonment there. In contrast, negative wide-ranging effects such as refugee movements and post-war restrictions on their return is related to broad-scale abandonment in Abkhazia. In summary, permanent agricultural abandonment was not necessarily higher in a war with a high overall intensity. Instead, the effect of a given war varied in scale, and was related to the relative importance of direct and localized versus indirect and wide-ranging mechanisms, including postwar events and policies, which is likely the case for other wars, too.  相似文献   

随机立体匹配     

张永生 《测绘学院学报》1991,(2)

本文研究一种实现立体匹配的随机优化方法。与传统的基于面积的相关和基于特征的匹配有所不同,本方法能直接从一对立体图像中提取出稠密的视差值,而根本无须内插。首先,运用正则化理论把立体匹配问题转化为求视差时对两种彼此竞争约束的满足。这些约束用以规定一个动态系统的能量,而该系统的稳态则是通过一种所谓的微正则模拟退火达到的。其次,引入立体图像的Laplacian金字塔结构则有效地实现了由粗到精的分层控制策略。本方法适合于在SIMD体系结构的计算机上并行实现。  相似文献   

鞍山市大型导线网平差结果精度影响分析     

付志强  徐新  于世艳 《现代测绘》2007,30(3):19-21

通过城市大型一级导线网测量及其观测数据处理的实践,在平差前,根据导线网观测条件,以估算测角、测边先验中误差为基础,合理选择平差时边角先验权的匹配方案,以取得理想的平差结果.根据边角观测精度的综合因素,适当地选择几组边角先验权匹配方案进行试算,最后确定较为理想的一组边角先验权匹配方案,再进行正式平差计算和精度评定.  相似文献   

基于等角边界距离相似性的遥感影像面状图斑匹配研究     

陈军  马世岩  陈玲  江明桦 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(11):2234-2244

基于形态特征的目标匹配是地图空间认知、地表位置自动感知等领域的重要方法。然而,由于不同数据源的遥感影像提取的同一个空间目标在空间尺度和局部形态上存在一定的差异,现有形态匹配算法难以获得较高的匹配精度。本文以等角边界距离编码及相似性算法为核心,提出了面向遥感影像的面状图斑匹配方法。① 从面目标的质心以10°为间隔,顺时针方向从质心向外引36条射线,获取面目标的边缘点,形成等角边界距离编码;② 提出了与该编码相适应的几个综合形态指标,包括自相似度、圆形度、形态复杂度和质心偏移度,并建立了面状图斑相似度算法;在此基础上,结合近邻目标的形态相似度,构建了遥感影像面状图斑匹配算法;③ 从不同数据源的在线遥感影像上提取中国西部湖泊与全球湖泊,开展面状图斑匹配实验。通过实验,发现本文的面状图斑相似度算法相对于按距离采样的相似度算法,召回率提升了13.8%;在添加近邻目标相似度约束的基础上,面状图斑匹配精度达到90%以上。通过算法适应性分析,发现该算法在一定的投影变形下仍能保持一定的匹配精度;如果空间目标及其邻域目标的总体形态和分布接近,不同空间尺度的匹配精度保持在80%以上。本文的研究为地图空间认知、地表位置机器自动感知提供了新的思路和方法。  相似文献   

Fluid flow dynamics under location uncertainty     

Etienne Mémin 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2014,108(2):119-146

We present a derivation of a stochastic model of Navier Stokes equations that relies on a decomposition of the velocity fields into a differentiable drift component and a time uncorrelated uncertainty random term. This type of decomposition is reminiscent in spirit to the classical Reynolds decomposition. However, the random velocity fluctuations considered here are not differentiable with respect to time, and they must be handled through stochastic calculus. The dynamics associated with the differentiable drift component is derived from a stochastic version of the Reynolds transport theorem. It includes in its general form an uncertainty dependent subgrid bulk formula that cannot be immediately related to the usual Boussinesq eddy viscosity assumption constructed from thermal molecular agitation analogy. This formulation, emerging from uncertainties on the fluid parcels location, explains with another viewpoint some subgrid eddy diffusion models currently used in computational fluid dynamics or in geophysical sciences and paves the way for new large-scales flow modeling. We finally describe an applications of our formalism to the derivation of stochastic versions of the Shallow water equations or to the definition of reduced order dynamical systems.  相似文献   

基于MP方法的地震信号快速分解算法   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈发宇  杨长春 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(6):1692-1697

Matching Pursuits算法是信号分解的一种具体实现方法.针对地震信号在过完备库中进行分解时原子字典索引和计算量均非常庞大的问题,提出了一种原子字典索引的快速生成算法.首先根据地震信号的频带特征缩小字典索引的频率范围;然后同样依据地震信号的波形特征缩小字典索引的尺度范围.从而利用对地震信号的先验知识,收缩原子字典索引的扫描范围,实现基于Matching Pursuits算法的地震信号的快速分解.  相似文献   

Perfect-fluid sources for the Levi-Civita metric     

Ramadan M. Ali 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,310(3-4):201-204

Cylindrically symmetric perfect fluid solutions are derived for the Levi-Civita metric. The pressure P is finite. The matter density is greater than the stresses in the material. The solutions are inside cylinders of bounded radius at which the pressure vanishes. The range of σ, for which the sources have been matched to the Levi-Civeta metric is ∞>σ>0. The solutions are regular and satisfy energy conditions  相似文献   

基于匹配支持度的一种稳健性影像匹配     

秦绪文  官小平  关泽群 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(3):41-44

提出了一种新的计算匹配支持度数学模型,该模型使影像匹配的稳健性得到增强。首先,利用Harris算子在影像上提取特征点,根据相关系数建立特征点的候选匹配对应关系;然后,根据影像的长度变形、方向变形、灰度变形及双向一致性条件,计算匹配支持度;最后,根据双向一致性较强条件的松弛迭代法,消除候选匹配的模糊性。实践结果表明,该算法能建立一一对应且稳健性较强的匹配结果。  相似文献