崎岖列岛附近海域浮游植物与水环境状况研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

朱根海  施青松  张健  许卫忆  朱德弟  陈全震 《海洋学报》2009,31(4):149-158

于2001年冬(2月)、春(4月)、夏(7月)、秋(10月)首次对崎岖列岛附近海域的浮游植物和赤潮生物与枯水期(2月)、丰水期(7月)的水质进行了调查研究.采用浮游植物细胞丰度法和环境质量单项评价标准指数法,对该海域环境质量状况进行评估.结果表明:崎岖列岛附近海域共有浮游植物6门45属90种,其中赤潮生物有33种,浮游植物平均细胞丰度从大到小的顺序为,夏季(4.25×104个/dm3),秋季(3.85×104个/dm3),春季(2.66×104个/dm3),冬季(5.20×103个/dm3).底泥中发现的藻类有80种,其中赤潮生物有31种,并发现一些甲藻孢囊及休眠孢子.底泥藻类丰度为12~612个/g,平均值为68个/g.主要有害赤潮生物为具齿原甲藻Prorocentrum dentatum(东海区的东海原甲藻P.donghaiense),链状亚历山大藻Alexandrium catenella,塔玛亚历山大藻Alexandrium tamarense,项圈亚历山大藻Alexandrium monilatum,尖刺伪菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia pungens,具尾鳍藻Dinophysis caudata,夜光藻Noctiluca scintillans,裸藻Eutreptiella gymnastica等.主要赤潮生物优势种为中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum.该海域化学需氧量、活性磷酸盐和无机氮则超标严重,水质已处于严重富营养化状态.  相似文献   

山东庙岛群岛黄土的粒度特征及其环境意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐树建 《海洋科学》2008,32(12):60-63

对山东庙岛群岛长岛黄土粒度的精细研究证明,滨海黄土是在第四纪冰期寒冷气候下的产物,末次冰期沉积的长岛剖面由风成沉积与冲-洪积层组成,末次冰期的风成沉积反映了末次冰期气候的不稳定性,其中存在6次气候变冷、渤海湾海面下降和6次气候变暖、渤海湾海面上升的事件,黄土的粒度中包含了丰富的气候变化和渤海湾海面变化的信息。  相似文献   

舟山群岛册子水道现代潮流沙脊的初步研究     

刘阿成  顾君晖  陆琦 《海洋通报》2007,26(5):49-55

Geopulse甚高分辨率浅地震剖面记录和水深测量结果显示,在舟山群岛册子水道北部东侧发育有一条现代潮流脊,宽度约1~1.2km,研究部分长度超过2km(沙脊两端超出研究海域),脊顶水深50~60m,外翼高20~25m,水深65~85m,内翼高约10m,水深50~70m;脊内层理发育,以向海倾斜为主,表明潮流脊是由岸向海方向堆积发育的。根据地震剖面记录特征和沉积环境,推断潮流脊以细砂和粉砂为主组成,来源于册子水道轴部晚更新世陆相地层的侵蚀物质;由落潮流向东南搬运,再由涨潮流向西北搬运,在潮流脊上沉积而成。潮流脊的发育可能与外钓山岛和舟山本岛在研究海域向西突出有关,造成册子水道显著缩窄、流速加大、底质变粗。  相似文献   

Pelagic microplastics around an archipelago of the Equatorial Atlantic     

《Marine pollution bulletin》2013,76(1-2):305-309

Plastic marine debris is presently widely recognised as an important environmental pollutant. Such debris is reported in every habitat of the oceans, from urban tourist beaches to remote islands and from the ocean surface to submarine canyons, and is found buried and deposited on sandy and cobble beaches. Plastic marine debris varies from micrometres to several metres in length and is potentially ingested by animals of every level of the marine food web. Here, we show that synthetic polymers are present in subsurface plankton samples around Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. To explain the distribution of microplastics around the Archipelago, we proposed a generalised linear model (GLM) that suggests the existence of an outward gradient of mean plastic-particle densities. Plastic items can be autochthonous or transported over large oceanic distances. One probable source is the small but persistent fishing fleet using the area.  相似文献   

Coral recruitment and potential recovery of eutrophied and blast fishing impacted reefs in Spermonde Archipelago,Indonesia     

Yvonne Sawall  Jamaluddin Jompa  Magdalena Litaay  Andi Maddusila  Claudio Richter 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

Coral recruitment was assessed in highly diverse and economically important Spermonde Archipelago, a reef system subjected to land-based sources of siltation/pollution and destructive fishing, over a period of 2 years. Recruitment on settlement tiles reached up to 705 spat m⁻² yr⁻¹ and was strongest in the dry season (July–October), except off-shore, where larvae settled earlier. Pocilloporidae dominated near-shore, while a more diverse community of Acroporidae, Poritidae and others settled in the less polluted mid-shelf and off-shore reefs. Non-coral fouling community appeared to hardly influence initial coral settlement on the tiles, although, this does not necessarily infer low coral post-settlement mortality, which may be enhanced at the near- and off-shore reefs as indicated by increased abundances of potential space competitors on natural substrate. Blast fishing showed no local reduction in coral recruitment and live hard coral cover increased in oligotrophic reefs, indicating potential for coral recovery, if managed effectively.  相似文献   

舟山群岛旅游资源空间结构研究   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11  

杨效忠  陆林  张光生  卢松  宣国富 《地理与地理信息科学》2004,20(5):87-90,F003

海岛型旅游资源空间结构是海岛旅游研究的一个重要方面。舟山群岛作为我国最大的群岛,是典型的旅游资源复合型旅游地,海岛旅游资源空间结构的发展颇具代表性。该文分析了海岛旅游地节点、通道和域面的要素集合,具体阐述了舟山群岛的旅游资源要素结构、旅游交通结构、旅游集散地以及核心景区普陀山的空间结构特征,提出了空间结构优化的三种途径：1)旅游资源的空间串联整合和并联整合;2)旅游交通及线路整合;3)动态旅游产品的整合——旅游节事活动。  相似文献   

Gravitational spreading causes en-echelon diking along a rift zone of Madeira Archipelago: an experimental approach and implications for magma transport     

Andreas Klügel  Thomas R. Walter  Stefanie Schwarz  Jörg Geldmacher 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2005,68(1):37-46

Many volcanic rift zones show dikes that are oriented oblique rather than parallel to the morphological ridge axis. We have evidence that gravitational spreading of volcanoes may adjust the orientation of ascending dikes within the crust and segment them into en-echelon arrays. This is exemplified by the Desertas Islands which are the surface expression of a 60 km long submarine ridge in southeastern Madeira Archipelago. The azimuth of the main dike swarm (average = 145°) deviates significantly from that of the morphological ridge (163°) defining an en-echelon type arrangement. We propose that this deviation results from the gravitational stress field of the overlapping volcanic edifices, reinforced by volcano spreading on weak substratum. We tested our thesis experimentally by mounting analogue sand piles onto a sand and viscous PDMS substratum. Gravitational spreading of this setup produced en-echelon fractures that clearly mimic the dike orientations observed, with a deviation of 10°–32° between the model’s ridge axis and that of the main fracture swarm. Using simple numerical models of segmented dike intrusion we found systematic changes of displacement vectors with depth and also with distance to the rift zone resulting in a complex displacement field. We propose that at depth beneath the Desertas Islands, magmas ascended along the ridge to produce the overall present-day morphology. Above the oceanic basement, gravitational stress and volcano spreading adjusted the principal stress axes’ orientations causing counterclockwise dike rotation of up to 40°. This effect limits the possible extent of lateral dike propagation at shallow levels and may have strong control on rift evolution and flank stability. The results highlight the importance of gravitational stress as a major, if not dominant factor in the evolution of volcanic rift zones.Editorial responsibility: M Carroll  相似文献   

Determination of flow directions by combining AMS and thin-section analyses: implications for Oligocene volcanism in the Kerguelen Archipelago (southern Indian Ocean)     

G. Plenier  P. Camps  B. Henry  B. Ildefonse 《Geophysical Journal International》2005,160(1):63-78

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Late-glacial and post-glacial deposition in a large, low relief, epicontinental basin: the northern Baltic Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JOONAS J. VIRTASALO  AARNO T. KOTILAINEN†  MATTI E. RÄSÄNEN  ANTTI E. K. OJALA† 《Sedimentology》2007,54(6):1323-1344

This paper presents a model of late‐glacial and post‐glacial deposition for the late‐Neogene sedimentary succession of the Archipelago Sea in the northern Baltic Sea. Four genetically related facies associations are described: (i) an ice‐proximal, acoustically stratified draped unit of glaciolacustrine rhythmites; (ii) an onlapping basin‐fill unit of rotated rhythmite clasts in an acoustically transparent to chaotic matrix interpreted as debris‐flow deposits; (iii) an ice‐distal, acoustically stratified to transparent, draped unit of post‐glacial lacustrine, weakly laminated to homogeneous deposits; and (iv) an acoustically stratified to transparent unit of brackish‐water, organic‐rich sediment drifts. The debris‐flow deposits of the unit 2 pass laterally into slide scars that truncate the unit 1; they are interpreted to result from a time interval of intense seismic activity due to bedrock stress release shortly after deglaciation of the area. Ice‐berg scouring and gravitational failure of oversteepened depositional slopes may also have contributed to the debris‐flow deposition. Comparisons to other late‐Neogene glaciated basins, such as the Hudson Bay or glacial lakes formed along the Laurentide ice sheet, suggest that the Archipelago Sea succession may record development typical for the deglaciation phase of large, low relief, epicontinental basins. The Carboniferous–Permian glacigenic Dwyka Formation in South Africa may provide an ancient analogue for the studied succession. Chronological control for the studied sediments is provided by the independent palaeomagnetic and AMS‐¹⁴C dating methods. In order to facilitate dating of the organic‐poor early post‐glacial deposits of the northern Baltic Sea, the 10 000 year long Lake Nautajärvi palaeomagnetic reference chronology ( Ojala & Saarinen, 2002 ) is extended by 1200 years.  相似文献   

Modern sedimentation in the Lower Negro River, Amazonas State, Brazil     

Elena Franzinelli  Hailton Igreja 《Geomorphology》2002,44(3-4)

The Negro River, which flows through the north central Amazon Basin, is one of the largest tributaries of the Amazon. The name “Negro” comes from the colour of its water, which reflects the large quantity of dissolved humic acids and iron oxides that also gives the water its characteristic acid pH. The river is estimated to have the fifth largest water discharge in the world, about 30,000 m³/s. The Negro River is characterized by a high dissolved load but a low energy system. Neotectonics and water quality are the principal factors that control the modern sedimentation in the Lower Negro River. The Lower Negro River is controlled largely by a NW–SE tectonic lineament, that is a segment of a major tectonic transcurrent dextral megasystem of the Amazon Basin. Neotectonism in this area is responsible for the depth of the river and for the occurrence of steep “falésias” (cliffs), along some parts of its borders. It also seems that neotectonics have influenced the origin of the Anavilhanas Islands, which are a series of anastomosed, elongated silty clayey channel bars, with internal round or long narrow lakes. The “igapó”, which is the forested area flooded during part of the year, appears to have a neotectonic origin as well. Igapós are located on intermediate blocks between the high blocks of the “terra firme” and the low blocks of the channel. The absence of clastic sediments carried in suspension is related to the rare appearance of floodplains, which are limited to very thin layers of fine sediments, located on the abrasion shelfs carved in clastic deposits of the Alter do Chão Formation. Sand bars occur in places along the base of the cliffs and along the edges of the channel system. These sand bars are composed of quartz sand, derived from the reworking of the sand of the Alter do Chão Formation.  相似文献