Reduction of a Model Describing Ozone Oscillations in the Troposphere: Example of an Algorithmic Approach to Model Reduction in Atmospheric Chemistry     

Leonid V. Kalachev  Richard J. Field 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2001,39(1):65-93

We consider a simplified reaction mechanism from tropospheric chemistryconsisting ofsix chemical species involved in ten dynamic processes. The concentrations of all six speciesundergo temporal oscillation for some parameter values. An asymptoticapproach to reduction of the original six-variable model to a four-variable version is considered together with detailed explanation of the procedure as well as discussion of conditions under whichthe reduction is possible. The reduced system nearly quantitatively represents the oscillating behavior of thefull model and allows elucidation of its basic dynamical features. This approach also can be used to compare various small models of atmospheric chemistry, and to determine their underlying dynamic structure. The method can be systematically appliedto larger atmospheric models.  相似文献   

一次强降水系统的演变和细结构分析          下载免费PDF全文

薛秋芳  丁一汇 《应用气象学报》1995,6(1):56-62

文章分析1992年7月23日河北省东部平原地区一次突发性暴雨过程，研究了产生特大暴雨的中-α尺度对流系统的演变及其细结构，讨论了该系统内部中心暖区形成的物理机制，并指出几种不同尺度的天气系统相互作用对这次暴雨系统的重要影响。  相似文献   

RESEARCH ON MOIST SYMMETRIC INSTABILITY IN A STRONG SNOWFALL IN NORTH CHINA^*          下载免费PDF全文

Wang dianzhong  Ding Yihui 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,9(4):456-467

The concept of wet bulb potential vorticity and SCAPE(slantwise convective available potential energy) is used to calculate the horizontal and vertical distribution of moist symmetric instability including convective symmetric instability(CSI) and local symmetric instability(LSI) in the process of a storm snowfall in North China.The potential contribution of moist symmetric instability to a narrow storm snowfall belt occurring in the Hetao and Lindong,Linxi region of Inner Mongolia and the relationship between moist symmetric instability and direction of the basic flow,wind shear and moisture are discussed.It is found that the strong snowfall belt is almost parallel with negative value area of wet bulb potential vorticity at low levels in the vicinity of snow area.And the dynamical mechanism of the strong snowfall center in the Lindong,Linxi region is different from that in the Hetao region.The former is induced by frontogenetical forcing with weak symmetric instability in the warm section of frontal area and the latter triggered by obvious moist symmetric instability.  相似文献   

锋面波发展演变与气旋形成的数值研究     

肖庆农  张颖  李微 《大气科学》1995,19(4):465-474

本文将锋面作为密度的零级不连续面，对锋面上扰动的非线性发展演变进行了数值研究，所用的锋面模型是f平面上的浅水、两层模型，差分格式具有位涡拟能守恒和动能守恒的性质。锋面波的发展与初始扰动尺度有关，天气尺度的扰动可以维持较长的发展时间，形成较大振幅的波动，其结构类似于具有锢囚锋结构的气旋，相反，较小尺度扰动不易形成锢囚锋结构。同时，锋面波的发展演变受Richardson数(Ri)的影响，Ri越小，锋面波发展的时间越长，波动振幅越大；Ri越大时，锋面波发展的时间越短，波动容易衰减。锋面波的发展类似于气旋的形成过  相似文献   

大气运动非线性不稳定性研究的若干新进展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

穆穆 《大气科学》1995,19(4):494-509

本文简要介绍了近年来运用Arnold方法（能量—Casimir方法）研究大气运动非线性不稳定性所取得的若干新进展，讨论了该理论深入发展的前景及其应用问题。  相似文献   

线性与非线性对称不稳定的数值试验   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张颖  张铭 《气象学报》1995,53(2):225-231

设计了一个准二维非静力数值模式，用该模式研究了对称不稳定的发展和演变特征。线性和非线性对称不稳定的数值试验结果表明。线性和非线性对称环流的演变特征及其结构有很大差异。在基本状态是对称不稳定的情况下，线性对称不稳定在其发展过程中始终维持着向冷区倾斜的对称环流；而非线性对称不稳定在其发展初期与线性情况相同，当扰动增长到一定程度时非线性平流项的作用不可忽略，原来对称的环流则被破坏。  相似文献   

大尺度涡旋的正压不稳定   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5  

罗哲贤 《气象学报》1995,53(3):281-288

用极坐标中线性化的正压涡度方程，将大尺度圆形基流上扰动的稳定性问题化为广义特征值的问题，得到了扰动振幅增长率沿方位角方向波数的关系。然后以不稳定模态的扰动流函数场作为初始场，在强、弱两类圆形基流的条件下，用直角坐标中准地转正压模式，分别实施积分时间为６０ｈ的试验。结果在模式大气中，初始扰动均随时间而增幅；强圆形基流的扰动增幅更快，并形成与台风螺旋云系看似有些相近的结构。  相似文献   

一次华北强降雪过程的湿对称不稳定性研究   总被引：38，自引：6，他引：38  

王建中  丁一汇 《气象学报》1995,53(4):451-460

运用湿球位涡和倾斜有效位能的概念从条件性对称不稳定（ＣＳＩ）和局地对称不稳定（ＬＳＩ）这两个侧面计算了一次华北强降雪过程的湿对称不稳定的水平分布和垂直分布状况，并比较详细地讨论了湿对称不稳定对１９８６年１１月２２—２３日发生在内蒙古河套地区和林东、林西地区附近的一条狭长的强降雪带的可能作用以及湿对称不稳定与基本气流走向、风垂直切变和水汽的关系，发现：这条降雪带与雪区附近低层的湿球位涡负值区走向大体平行；在降雪带中分别位于呼和浩特、东胜地区和林东、林西地区的强降雪中心有着不同的动力学机制，前者主要为在暖区具有弱的对称不稳定的情形下锋生强迫作用所致，后者则是由明显的湿对称不稳定所致。  相似文献   

RESEARCH ON MOIST SYMMETRIC INSTABILITY IN A STRONG SNOWFALL IN NORTH CHINA          下载免费PDF全文

王建中  丁一汇 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,(4)

The concept of wet bulb potential vorticity and SCAPE (slantwise convective available potentialenergy) is used to calculate the horizontal and vertical distribution of moist symmetric instabilityincluding convective symmetric instability (CSI) and local symmetric instability (LSI) in the processof a storm snowfall in North China.The potential contribution of moist symmetric instability to anarrow storm snowfall belt occurring in the Hetao and Lindong,Linxi region of Inner Mongolia andthe relationship between moist symmetric instability and direction of the basic flow,wind shear andmoisture are discussed.It is found that the strong snowfall belt is almost parallel with negative valuearea of wet bulb potential vorticity at low levels in the vicinity of snow area.And the dynamicalmechanism of the strong snowfall center in the Lindong,Linxi region is different from that in theHetao region.The former is induced by frontogenetical forcing with weak symmetric instability in thewarm section of frontal area and the latter triggered by obvious moist symmetric instability.  相似文献   

Particle diffusion and adiabatic expansion of plasmoids     

M. S. Sindhu  G. Renuka  C. Venugopal 《Journal of Earth System Science》1995,104(1):37-47

In this paper neutral point (coalescence) instability (NPI) of plasmoids (PMD) associated with tailward streaming O⁺, H⁺ and e⁻ particles and diffusion region (spatial extent and particle life time) are studied. Also, radial and pitch angle diffusion studies have been carried out in the near-earth region (10 and 11 R_E during substorm onset. Our study revealed that coalescence instability is favoured by a heavier ion like O⁺ and the time required for a heavier ion to reach from one X point to an adjacent X point is minimum. Near an X type neutral line (diffusion region) ions spend a fairly long time and gain a significant amount of energy. Radial and pitch angle diffusion studies showed that higher energy particles are largely confined near the reconnection region (near-earth region) and lower energy particles are rapidly depleted from the near-earth region during substorm onset.  相似文献