排序方式： 共有60条查询结果，搜索用时 302 毫秒
11.
不同水淹环境下河口感潮湿地枯落物分解及营养动态 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
采用分解袋法,以我国东南沿海典型的感潮河口--闽江河口最大的鳝鱼滩湿地为研究区域,选取2个潮水水淹环境差异显著的地段(一个为近潮沟地段,另一个为远潮沟地段)为研究样地,对闽江河口主要的本地种芦苇、短叶茳芏及外来人侵种互花米草枯落物分解过程及影响因素进行研究,结果表明:(1)经常性的潮汐水淹对3种植物枯落物分解速率的影响不显著;(2)经常性的潮汐水淹促进了短叶茳芏和互花米草枯落物N、P元素的损失,但对芦苇的影响不大;(3)在2种不同的水淹环境,3种植物枯落物分解速率由快到慢的顺序均是短叶茳芏>互花米草>和芦苇,分解速率在0.003166～0.005280 d-1之间,95%干物质分解需要的时间在1.56～2.61 a之间;(4)C浓度基本稳定,N浓度呈上升趋势,总N在研究末期表现为净损失,P浓度呈较大的波动,总P在研究末期也表现为净损失;(5)具有最低C/P的短叶茳芏枯落物分解速率最快. 相似文献
12.
干旱胁迫对莫莫格湿地芦苇叶片光合生理生态的影响机理研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了揭示干旱胁迫对芦苇(Phragmites australis)叶片光合生理生态的影响机理,利用LI-6400便携式光合仪和快速叶绿素荧光仪,对干旱胁迫条件下的芦苇叶片光合生理以及芦苇生长状态进行测量分析。结果表明,干旱5d后,芦苇叶片光合速率小幅下降,干旱15d后,其光合速率明显下降,芦苇生长受到显著抑制;干旱胁迫下,芦苇叶片叶绿素含量先增加后减少;芦苇叶片光系统II(PSII)对干旱胁迫反应较敏感,在干旱20d后,其光合电子传递能力和光合性能指数下降,热耗散增加。在干旱胁迫初期,芦苇叶片光合速率的下降以气孔限制为主;在干旱胁迫后期,非气孔限制与气孔限制都起作用,其中非气孔因素主要是指光系统II活性的下降,活性反应中心减少,电子传递能力下降,降低了光系统II的整体光化学性能,进而降低了芦苇叶片的光合速率,抑制了芦苇的生长。 相似文献
13.
以内蒙古河套灌区湿地植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)根际土壤为材料,采用分离培养法对天然湿地和退化湿地的芦苇根际细菌多样性进行了研究。16SrRNA基因系统发育分析的结果显示,分离自天然湿地芦苇根际的45株细菌分属于γ-变形菌纲(44.44%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(42.22%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(13.33%)3大类群,其中,γ-变形菌纲为最优势类群,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)(42.2%)为最优势菌属;分离自退化湿地芦苇根际的44株细菌分属γ-变形菌纲(13.63%)、β-变形菌纲(6.82%)、厚壁菌门(47.73%)及放线菌门(Actino-bacteria)(31.82%)4大类群,其中厚壁菌门为最优势类群,芽孢杆菌属(40.9%)为最优势菌属。研究结果表明,天然湿地和退化湿地芦苇根际细菌都具有较丰富的多样性,但天然湿地与退化湿地芦苇根际细菌群落结构存在一定差异。 相似文献
14.
湿地芦苇对有毒重金属元素的抗性及吸收和累积 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对大冶市铜绿山铜矿区人工湿地中芦苇的野外调查和Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr 5种有毒重金属元素的测试分析发现,该区芦苇对有毒重金属元素具有良好的抗性.同时,该湿地芦苇对5种重金属元素的吸收和累积表现出两种不同的模式:①芦苇植物体内Zn、Cu、Cd质量分数及分配百分比表现为根＞叶＞茎,且根组织中Zn、Cu、Cd的质量分数及分配百分比远远高于其他组织(茎、叶),而叶组织中略高于茎组织;②芦苇体内Pb和Cr质量分数及分配百分比表现为根＞茎＞叶,根、茎、叶组织中的质量分数及分配百分比均较高且基本相当,差异不明显.生物富集系数的计算结果显示,芦苇不同组织(根、茎、叶)对有毒重金属元素的生物富集能力存在较大差异,根组织的生物富集能力最大,且容易富集Pb和Cd;而茎、叶组织的生物富集能力较低,易富集Pb. 相似文献
15.
Enrica Pierobon Giuseppe Castaldelli Sara Mantovani Fabio Vincenzi Elisa Anna Fano 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(1):24-31
Secondary drainage canals have the potential to effectively mitigate excess nitrogen loads from diffuse and point sources. In vegetated (Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia) and in unvegetated canals subjected to diffuse and point pollution, nitrogen removal was evaluated by means of simple in–out mass balance and potential uptake by macrophytes was estimated from biomass data. Results suggest an elevated control of nitrogen in vegetated ditches receiving point source of pollution (average abatement of 50% of the total N load per linear km), whereas removal processes are much less effective in unvegetated ditches. The comparison between net abatement and plant uptake, highlights the presence of other unaccounted for processes responsible for a relevant percentage of total N removal. Overall, results from this study suggest the importance of actions aiming at the appropriate management of emergent vegetation, in order to improve its direct and indirect metabolic functions and maximize nitrogen removal in impacted watersheds. 相似文献
16.
Nyctiphanes australis (Euphausiacea) and an upwelling plume in western Cook Strait,New Zealand 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Quantitative data are presented on the distribution of adult and larval stages of the euphausiid Nyctiphanes australis G. O. Sars, in western Cook Strait, New Zealand, an area influenced by an upwelling plume. The behaviour of N. australis in the Kahurangi Point region at different stages of its life history appears to ensure its maintenance, in general, over the continental shelf on an upwelling coast. Population structure at the source of the upwelling near Kahurangi Point differed from that in regions “down stream” from the plume. Nyctiphanes australis was most abundant at the “downstream” eastern end of the upwelling plume, and the evidence suggesting that the dense populations there may be resident is discussed. Possible reasons for low densities of furcilia II and III stages in the eastern plume region are considered. 相似文献
17.
P. M. Hine 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):329-338
The distributions of Stegodexamene anguillae and Telogaster opisthorchis in Anguilla dieffenbachii and A. australis studied over two years are described. Peak occurrence of S. anguillae was in the anterior intestine, declining posteriorly, except for mature flukes under crowded conditions in A. dieffenbachii which predominated in the mid intestine, declining anteriorly and posteriorly. Peak occurrence of T. opisthorchis was in the rectum of A. australis and posterior intestine of A. dieffenbachii; occurrence declined anteriorly. Distributions appeared to be maintained by selective site segregation. Flukes moved down the tract, with or without subsequent loss, in both host species held live or examined after death. T. opisthorchis were lost before S. anguillae, and the larger mature flukes of both parasite species were lost before the less mobile immature flukes. Fluke loss from electric‐fished A. dieffenbachii was more rapid than from netted A. australis. Chilling and freezing retarded movement in, and evacuation from, dead hosts. 相似文献
18.
The Mt. Beigu wetland, which has undergone periodical changes in water level, lies by the Yangtze River, and its dominant plants are Phragmites communis, Phalaris arundinacea and Polygonum lapathifolium. In order to study the distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the ecological system of the Mt. Beigu wetland, the authors measured the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Phragmites communis, Phalaris arundinacea and Polygonum lapathifolium, and the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wetland soils with different plant species. In addition the authors investigated the influence of various plants on the spatial and seasonal (spring/autumn) distributions of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wetland soil. The contents of nitrogen and phosphoms in Phalaris arundinacea are significantly higher than those of the other two plant species in the same part. Secondary pollution of phosphorus in the wetland results mainly from Phalaris arundinacea. Phragmites com-munis effectively carries away nitrogen and phosphorus in the wetland soil in the wet season. The capacity of Poly-gonum lapathifolium to remove nitrogen is lowest among the 3 species of plants. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for the selection of plant species to restore the ecological environment and for the selection of time and depth for purging silt on the riverside wetland. 相似文献
19.
Gretel Boswijk 《New Zealand geographer》2010,66(2):124-137
This paper explores how the recent history of kauri is remembered and commemorated on the Kauri Coast, western Northland, focusing on three specific heritage sites: The Kauri Museum at Matakohe, Trounson Kauri Park, and Waipoua Forest Sanctuary. Each site was established to preserve elements of the past before they were lost or irrevocably altered. The museum commemorates the pioneers and the kauri timber and gum industries, while Trounson Kauri Park and Waipoua Forest were intended to represent primeval forest and stand as monuments to people who advocated their protection. 相似文献
20.
Measurements of evapotranspiration from contrasting stands of Phragmites australis [ET(Reed)] were obtained over several years at three sites within England between 1994 and 1998. A comparison with published ET(Reed) values showed the UK rates to be considerably lower than those measured in continental Europe. From the ET(Reed) data monthly crop coefficients [Kc(Reed)] have been developed, which when used with Reference Crop Evapotranspiration will enable reedbed water use to be determined. Due to the differences in study site characteristics, values for Kc varied widely, and it was not considered appropriate to combine results to produce a single set of monthly mean values. However, suggestions are made regarding the application of the Kc(Reed) values to wetland design. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献