附有条件的参数平差模型的有偏估计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

归庆明  张建军 《测绘工程》2000,9(1):26-30

讨论附有条件的参数平差模型参数的有偏估计问题。提出了约束岭估计和约束主成分估计,并证明了它们的优良性质,最后给出了一个算例,验证了所得结果。  相似文献   

瑞安市暴雨强度概率分布公式参数估计研究   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

顾骏强陈海燕  徐集云 《应用气象学报》2000,11(3):355-363

该文根据瑞安市1965~1997年降水自记记录, 通过适当的概率模式对暴雨强度抽样频数分布进行拟合, 并由此编制反映暴雨强度、历时、重现期三者关系的i-t-T表.利用最优化法进行非线性超定方程组的求解, 从而实现对暴雨强度公式中参数的估计.  相似文献   

Magnitude-Intensity Relationships in the Ibero-Magrebhian Region     

C. López Casado  S. Molina  J. J. Giner  J. Delgado 《Natural Hazards》2000,22(3):269-294

In this paper we present magnitude (Ms) – magnitude(mb) and magnitude-intensity relationships which areconsidered the most adequate in the Ibero-Maghrebianregion. This work is based on selected samples ofrecently revised events with magnitude mb assigned bythe Instituto Geográfico Nacional (I.G.N.) and Msassigned by I.S.C and N.E.I.C., and isoseismal mapsfrom 142 events. Using these data, we have obtainedone magnitude (Ms) – magnitude (mb) relationship, twomagnitude (mb and Ms) assignment relationships viaepicentral intensity (I₀), and ten magnitude (mb andMs) assignments relationships via macroseismicinformation: four using Ambraseys' methodology (1985)and six using the isoseismal area of degree III, IV and VI.According to the obtained results it could be concluded that historical magnitude assignment with lesser uncertainties are those obtained via macroseismic information using magnitude-intensity relationships with Ambraseys' methodology (1985). The magnitude-isoseismal area assignment relationships have, in most cases, great differences depending on the degree of the isoseismal area used. Magnitude assignments via epicentral intensity have the highest uncertainties. Geographic regionalization of the relationshipshas been studied but the highest correlations and statistical significance are obtained when we fit all the Ibero-Maghrebian region data.Finally we have used the results obtained in this workto assign magnitude to some important historicalearthquakes in the Ibero-Maghrebian region: the 1755Lisbon earthquake, the 1680 Málaga earthquake, the1829 Torrevieja earthquake and the 1884 Arenas del Reyearthquake. According to our relationships andmethodology we have assigned an Ms value of 9.3 ±0.6 to the 1755 Lisbon earthquake (its mb magnitudecannot be estimated due to the saturation of the mbscale), an mb value of 6.3 ±0.4 and an Ms valueof 6.9 ± 0.6 to the 1829 Torrevieja earthquake, anmb value of 6.2 ± 0.4 and an Ms value of 6.4 ±0.6 to the 1680 Málaga earthquake and an mb valueof 6.1 ± 0.4 and an Ms value of 6.5 ± 0.6 tothe 1884 Arenas del Rey earthquake.  相似文献   

地球介质非弹性参数测定方法   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

王妙月  底青云 《地球物理学报》2000,43(3):322-330

地球介质非完全弹性参数对于研究地体稳定、地震孕育、地幔对流、大陆动力学是 非常重要的．在精确的工程勘探、油气勘探中也是一个不可缺少的参数．为了用实测的地震 体波确定非弹性参数,本文从一般线性流变体介质内波动方程出发,导出了由观测的地震波 体波波速和振幅确定一般线性流变体介质内虎克定律系数的两种具体方法及其相应的理论 公式,并给出了体波振幅法的一个模型实例．在线性近似下,这些参数可确定地球介质的非 弹性性质．  相似文献   

An inverse problem methodology for multiple parameter estimation in bend stiffeners     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

The flexible riser top connection is a critical region for lifetime assessment due to large tension/curvature variations and modeling uncertainties. The bend stiffener polyurethane mechanical response not only presents a nonlinear loading rate and temperature dependency but is also subjected to weather ageing during operation, which may affect its mechanical behavior over time. The top tension, employed for riser local cross-section stress calculation, is usually obtained from global dynamic analyses performed under selected environmental conditions, if direct measurement is not available. As a consequence, both the bend stiffener effect on the curvature distribution and the top tension time series present inherent uncertainties for riser lifetime (re)assessment. In the present work, a proposed monitoring approach composed by gyrometers installed along flexible riser/bend stiffener top connection system length combined with an inverse problem methodology is numerically investigated to estimate the following parameters: (i) polyurethane hyperelastic response and (ii) effective top tension. The top connection system is modeled using a large deflection beam bending model and the parameters are estimated using a damped least-square minimization approach with the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. For the preliminary feasibility investigation, the gyrometer experimental data is numerically estimated through Monte Carlo simulations. A case study is carried out to investigate the influence that the number of sensors, sensors arrangement, loading conditions and top connection model have on the inverse parameters estimation. The results indicate that the proposed monitoring approach and inverse parameter estimation methodology may effectively reduce flexible riser lifetime calculation uncertainties.  相似文献   

The identification of conceptual hydrological models for surface water acidification     

H. S. Wheater  K. H. Bishop  M. B. Beck 《水文研究》1986,1(1):89-109

Ambiguity in parameter identification represents a potentially serious limitation to the application of models of surface water acidification. Previous work has concentrated on manipulation of two of the three factors affecting model identifiability, namely model structure and estimator properties. A new technique is proposed which uses different modes of response within the data to improve parameter identification. Preliminary results, obtained using the Birkenes model of surface water acidification, appear to show promise. The technique is robust in recovering model parameters from synthetic data, with and without error, and in assimilating problems of structural error.  相似文献   

高塔,高层建筑物振动与形变的超长摆综合观测     

何世海 《地震》1997,17(4):380-388

高大建筑物（如电视塔等）在外力作用和自身老化过程中出现的形变和振动频率特性变化的监测，是灾害预测和工程检验的重要内容。具有测站移动坐标系的超长摆观测系统，可以胜任这一超宽频（0～100HZ）振动和挠曲综合观测要求。文中导出超长摆观测方程xi＝－（R~2_iQ~2_s＋P~2_i－2R_iQ_sP_icosγ_s）~(1/2)Xmsin（ωt＋θ_i）并论证了在相应参数选择下，此系统具有足够的振幅放大系数（S_i≥0．8）和振动周期观测覆盖范围；对超低频一永久形变也具有真实的监测能力（S_i＝P_i）；具有监测频带宽、动态测量范围大、无漂移、抗干扰等优点。  相似文献   

闽,赣地区小震群性质探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

彭美凤  郭友发 《华南地震》1990,10(3):34-40

本文运用地震频度衰减系数h值,震群能量释放均匀度u值、震群归一化熵值K等地震活动参数的统计分析,研究了长汀震群以及闽赣地区其它小震群的殊征,认为长汀震群是一次无前兆性质的正常地震活动,而龙南震群是一次前兆性震群。  相似文献   

Extraction and Analysis of Land Cover Heterogeneity over China     

Yu Wentao  Li Jing  Liu Qinhuo  Zeng Yelu  Yin Gaofei  Zhao Jing  Xu Baodong 《地球科学进展》2016,31(10):1067-1077

Spatial heterogeneity exists in land surface at every scale, and it is one of key factors to bring uncertainty to land parameter retrieval from remote-sensed data. This paper proposed a methodology to use the boundary length among different land cover types to characterize and quantify land surface heterogeneity based on high-resolution land cover images. Then the heterogeneity feature at 1 kilometer scale in China was extracted from “GlobalLand30” land cover datasets with the spatial resolution of 30 m. The mixed structure, degree of fragmentation and intra-heterogeneity of eight main vegetation biomes from MODIS land cover product over heterogeneous surface in china were analyzed. Mountain area and ecotone are more heterogeneous than other regions. Savanna biome (average boundary length is 7 426 meters) is the most heterogeneous zone followed by forest, grass/crop and shrub biome with average boundary length of 4 323, 3 160, 1 779 meters, respectively.  相似文献   

Global SMOS Soil Moisture Retrievals from The Land Parameter Retrieval Model     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2016

A recent study by Van der Schalie et al. (2015) showed good results for applying the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM) on SMOS observations over southeast Australia and optimizing and evaluating the retrieved soil moisture (θ in m³ m⁻³) against ground measurements from the OzNet sites. In this study, the LPRM parameterization is globally updated for SMOS against modelled θ from MERRA-Land (MERRA) and ERA-Interim/Land (ERA) over the period of July 2010–December 2010, mainly focusing on two parameters: the single scattering albedo (ω) and the roughness (h). The Pearson's coefficient of correlation (r) increased rapidly when increasing the ω up to 0.12 and reached a steady state from thereon, no significant spatial pattern was found in the estimation of the single scattering albedo, which could be an artifact of the used parameter estimation procedure, and a single value of 0.12 was therefore used globally. The h was defined as a function of θ and varied slightly for the different angle bins, with maximum values of 1.1–1.3 as the angle changes from 42.5° to 57.5°.This resulted in an average r of 0.51 and 0.47, with a bias (m³ m⁻³) of −0.02 and −0.01 and an unbiased root mean square error (ubrmse in m³ m⁻³) of 0.054 and 0.056 against MERRA (ascending and descending). For ERA this resulted in an r of 0.61 and 0.53, with a bias of −0.03 and an ubrmse 0.055 and 0.059. The resulting parameterization was then used to run LPRM on SMOS observations over the period of July 2010–December 2013 and evaluated against SMOS Level 3 (L3) θ and available in situ measurements from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN). The comparison with L3 shows that the LPRM θ retrievals are very similar, with for the ascending set very high r of over 0.9 in large parts of the globe, with an overall average of 0.85 and the descending set performing less with an average of 0.74, mainly due to the negative r over the Sahara. The mean bias is 0.03, with an ubrmse of 0.038 and 0.044. In this study there are three major areas where the LPRM retrievals do not perform well: very dry sandy areas, densely forested areas and over high latitudes, which are all known limitations of LPRM. The comparison against in situ measurement from the ISMN give very similar results, with average r for LPRM of 0.65 and 0.61 (0.64 and 0.59 for L3) for the ascending and descending sets, while having a comparable bias and ubrmse over the different networks. This shows that LPRM used on SMOS observations produce θ retrievals with a similar quality as the SMOS L3 product.  相似文献