Logistic analysis of channel pattern thresholds: meandering, braiding, and incising     

Brian P. Bledsoe  Chester C. Watson   《Geomorphology》2001,38(3-4)

A large and geographically diverse data set consisting of meandering, braiding, incising, and post-incision equilibrium streams was used in conjunction with logistic regression analysis to develop a probabilistic approach to predicting thresholds of channel pattern and instability. An energy-based index was developed for estimating the risk of channel instability associated with specific stream power relative to sedimentary characteristics. The strong significance of the 74 statistical models examined suggests that logistic regression analysis is an appropriate and effective technique for associating basic hydraulic data with various channel forms. The probabilistic diagrams resulting from these analyses depict a more realistic assessment of the uncertainty associated with previously identified thresholds of channel form and instability and provide a means of gauging channel sensitivity to changes in controlling variables.  相似文献   

Effects of large floods on sediment transport and reach morphology in the cobble-bed Sainte Marguerite River     

B. C. Eaton  M. F. Lapointe   《Geomorphology》2001,40(3-4)

Sediment transport rates were estimated for two flood events on the cobble-bed Sainte Marguerite River in the Saguenay region, Canada. Morphologic methods were used to derive one set of estimates, and a combination of the Meyer-Peter and Muller equation with a dimensionless sediment transport ratio (after Dietrich et al. [Nature 340 (1989) 215]) was used to derive another set of estimates. Both sets of estimates give consistent results for the first event (which had a decade-scale return period), and for the second event (which was the largest flood on record and had a century-scale return period). The transport occurring during the second event was an order of magnitude greater than that occurring during the first event: despite this disparity in the transport intensity of the two events, the channel morphology remained qualitatively similar. The observed degree of channel stability is attributed to a change of channel pattern and the initiation of bed degradation following channel rectification in the 1960s.  相似文献   

长江芜湖港岸线资源的遥感调查研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

程久苗 《国土资源遥感》1996,7(3):34-39

利用遥感影像进行内河岸线资源研究,迄今国内外甚少。本文利用航、卫片及多年实测资料,通过河道演变与岸线资源的相关分析,基本查明了芜湖港岸线资源的分布、利用现状及变化趋势,在此基础上对芜湖港的岸线资源利用进行了评价,旨在为岸线资源的合理利用提供科学依据。  相似文献   

大洋性次表层和中层水团隶属函数的拟合与应用     

李凤岐  李曜  谢骏 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(6):833-840

本文针对大洋性水团的 T- S曲线族特征 ,提出了拟合其隶属函数的 2种方法——直线定位法和坐标旋转法。把这 2种方法应用于拟合巴士海峡两侧的次表层高盐水团和中层低盐水团的隶属函数并进行了讨论。文中给出了拟合的原理、公式和实例 ,表明它们在分析水团的分布特征、混合变性过程 ,特别是追踪其来源等方面是很有价值的  相似文献   

Glacial morphology and post-glacial contourites in northern Prince Gustav Channel (NW Weddell Sea,Antarctica)     

Camerlenghi  Angelo  Domack  Eugene  Rebesco  Michele  Gilbert  Robert  Ishman  Scott  Leventer  Amy  Brachfeld  Stefanie  Drake  Allison 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2001,22(5-6):417-443

We present the results of a marine geophysical investigation of the northern Prince Gustav Channel. By comparative analysis of multibeam bathymetric data, single channel seismic reflection profiles, underway chirp sonar data, ADCP current data and sediment coring, we define the main morphological elements of the area. In particular we define the glacial morphogenesis in relation to the excavation of inner shelf basins and troughs along structural discontinuities and lithologic boundaries. We identify streamlined surfaces that testify to the grounding of ice and past ice flow directions. These glacial forms are found only on glacial tills preserved in the deepest part of the basins, while net erosion to bedrock has occurred elsewhere. Since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the relict glacial morphology has been draped by hemipelagic and diatomaceous mud, and bottom currents have played a major role in focusing sedimentation within small depocentres, that we define as contouritic drifts. Based on shallow sediment architecture and supported by direct measurements, we propose that the direction of bottom water flow is from the outer shelf into the Prince Gustav channel as a result of a combination of tidal currents and ice shelf-related thermohaline circulation.  相似文献   

浙江金塘水道南部更新世侵蚀顶面及其意义     

刘阿成 《海洋学研究》1993,11(4):23-29

浅地层剖面的初步研究表明,金塘水道南部更新世古侵蚀顶面的深度在海面下约25～70m。研究区东、西部之间的差异较大。在西部该顶面向海倾斜,发育近岸浅冲沟、斜坡和陡坎;东部发育大冲沟,侵蚀面起伏大。现代海底一般受到顶面形态的影响,研究区中部海底的显著变浅,正是该面上凸所致。  相似文献   

Wave actions on the side caissons of the Venice gates     

P. Sammarco  E. Renzi   《Applied Ocean Research》2007,29(4):210-220

The present study originates from a construction problem found in the planned deployment of the side caissons of the Venice gates barrier. Each of these caissons is made to float, then sunk into a lateral trench and jointed to the soil at its bottom. As a result, a C-shaped channel forms between the vertical caisson surfaces and the surrounding trench. Incoming storm waves propagating from the sea can then induce forced oscillations in this C-channel. An analytical model based on the method of matched asymptotics is developed in order to obtain the free surface oscillations in the channel, caused by a grazing incident wave. The resonant response of the basin and the amplification factors are then determined. From the free surface elevation, the pressure field and hence the total forces are also found. The analysis moves on to irregular wave motion. The analytical solution enables us to compute the dynamic actions, showing that their magnitude can be significant, due to the excitation of different resonant modes.  相似文献   

Evaluation of habitat use by adult plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) using underwater video survey techniques   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Richard Shucksmith  Hilmar Hinz  Melanie Bergmann  Michel J. Kaiser 《Journal of Sea Research》2006,56(4):317-328

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Variations in the distributions of Centropages chierchiae and Temora stylifera (Copepoda: Calanoida) in the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean and western European shelf waters     

Lindley  J.A.; Daykin  S. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2005,62(5):869-877

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Benthic primary production, respiration and remineralisation: in situ measurements in the soft-bottom Abra alba community of the western English Channel (North Brittany)     

Aline Mign  Dominique Davoult  Jean-Jacques Bourrand  Guy Boucher 《Journal of Sea Research》2005,53(4):223

In situ measurements of ammonium and carbon dioxide fluxes were performed using benthic chambers at the end of spring and the end of summer in two soft-bottom Abra alba communities of the western English Channel (North Brittany): the muddy sand community (5 m, about 10% of surface irradiance) and the fine-sand community (19 m, about 1% of surface irradiance). High rates of ammonium regeneration were measured in the two communities at the end of summer (296.03±40.07 and 201.7±62.74 μmolN m⁻² h⁻¹, respectively) as well as high respiration rates (2.60±0.94 and 2.23±0.59 mmolC m⁻² h⁻¹, respectively). Significant benthic gross primary production (up to 6.11 mmolC m⁻² h⁻¹) was measured in the muddy sand community but no benthic primary production was measured in the fine-sand community. It suggests that microphytobenthic production values used in simulations previously published for these two communities were overestimated while values of community respiration were underestimated. The study confirms that this benthic system is heterotrophic and strengthens the idea that an important pelagic-benthic coupling is required for the functioning in such coastal ecosystems.  相似文献