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利用卫星数据分析了我国全境及不同区域对流层臭氧(O3)柱含量1979—2005年全年和不同季节的长期变化趋势,及不同季节对流层O3柱含量与南方涛动指数的关系。结果表明,对流层O3柱含量在夏季有微弱的上升趋势,其他季节呈下降趋势,但总体变化趋势并不显著;在珠三角和四川盆地地区四季总体呈下降趋势;在华北地区除了冬季之外,其他季节以及全年平均均为增长趋势,最高的增长率出现在夏季,达到1.10DU/10a。南方涛动强度的变化与我国一些地区的对流层O3变化呈显著相关,但华北地区对流层O3的增长趋势与大气环流变化的关系不明显。 相似文献
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Tariq Masood Ali Khan Dewan Abdul Quadir Tad S. Murty Majajul Alam Sarker 《Natural Hazards》2004,31(2):549-560
The sea surface temperature (SST) variations play a veryimportant role in the genesis and maintenance of meteorological and oceanographic processessuch as monsoon depressions and subsequent floods, large-scale sea level fluctuationsand genesis of tropical cyclones. Many low lying coastal regions of South Asia are adjacentto river deltas and have large population. The dense population, poor economy and severalother socio-economic factors make these areas most vulnerable to the impact of climate change.Variability of sea surface temperature (SST) is importantas the duration and intensity of SST provide the basis for studies related to climatic changescenario. In this study an attempt has been made to estimate the recent SST trends in the coastalwaters of some cities, which lie on the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. The annual andinterannual variability has also been studied. The SST variations have then been linkedwith the El Nino and La Nina events.The NOAA-NASA Pathfinder Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) SST fields from 1985-1998, created in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL), USA are used in this study. Here the quality of data is an important factor toobtain reliable estimates of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) trends and other related parameters.However, this is not possible with the conventional type data, due to low quality as wellas sparse data in the region. Though the satellite based SST climatologies have shorterobservation lengths, they can provide reliable estimates of recent SST variability overa large oceanic areas with sparse or no data.Increasing trend of SST is observed throughout all theseasons in the northern Arabian Sea extending from Oman to Karachi and Mumbai and furthersouth to Salalah and Colombo. However, in coastal islands stations further south ofIndia such as at Colombo the increment is not significant. Though the increasing trend in SSTduring winter is not significant, nevertheless it shows the increasing influence of coldspells on this Island. An interesting situation has been observed in the Bay of Bengal. On anaverage, increasing trends in the annual SST were observed in Visakhaputnam. But at thestations located in the northeastern part of Bay of Bengal, namely Hiron Point and Cox'sBazar reverse conditions are observed. In the Southern Bay of Bengal variations in SST isnot significant which reflects in the SST analysis of Chennai and Port Blair stations. Locationof these stations at lower latitudes (near by equator) probably is the reason for this insignificantchange. It has been found that the interannual mode of SST variations dominate the linear SSTtrends which is characterized by the El Nino Southern Oscillations (ENSO) scale cycle. 相似文献
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Although studies have demonstrated significant associations between ENSO events and dengue fever, few have explored regional impacts on dengue fever of separate events. This study explores the impacts of two ENSO events on regional patterns of dengue/ dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) incidence in Indonesia. Data consist of monthly cases of dengue/DHF from 1992 to 2001 for each of Indonesia's 27 provinces, and monthly figures for rainfall, rainfall anomalies, temperature, relative humidity and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). We conducted Pearson correlation analyses for each independent variable against dengue/DHF incidence, using a direct month‐by‐month correlation and applying a lag of between one and six months to each variable with respect to dengue/DHF incidence. Based on the SOI value, we identified two ENSO events between 1992 and 2001. To explore each event, we created two dummy variables and in regression analyses for eight provinces. The variance of between 12.9 per cent and 24.5 per cent in provincial dengue/DHF incidence is explained by two or three climate variables in each of the provinces (p < 0.01 to 0.1). During the 1997/98 event, the explained variance increased by between 7 per cent and 15 per cent in provinces whose climate regimes were most affected by this event. This study demonstrates that indicators of ENSO such as the SOI may assist in the forecast of potential dengue/DHF incidence and distribution in Indonesia. 相似文献
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根据陕西省1954—2013年的森林火灾统计数据和1951—2013年南方涛动指数(SOI)、太阳黑子数逐月观测数据,采用异常度分析技术,研究了森林火灾重灾年当年及前后各3 a逐月南方涛动指数(SOI)异常变化规律及同期太阳活动特点。研究发现,陕西省森林火灾重灾时段以关键年前3 a至关键年当年SOI指数持续负值为前提条件,并在前1年8月逐渐增大,若同时太阳黑子活动处于谷期或者谷期极小值向较大值转变的时期,可预测未来一段时间内陕西可能处于森林火灾高火险时段,这一结果可为当地森林火灾重灾年的预测和森林火灾防控物资的调度提供参考。 相似文献
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南海QuikSCAT海面风场变化特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于QuikSCAT海面风场产品,对海面风场资料进行了EOF分析和随机动态分析,以此分析南海海面风场的变化特征。研究发现:海面原始风场风速季节变化最为明显,其变化占总变化方差的59.1%,黑潮的季节变化通过海气相互作用对南海局地风场有较明显的影响;原始风场第三模态及异常风场第二模态时间变化函数与SOI和PDO弱相关,且异常风场第二模态时间变化函数谱分析结果主要呈现5年的周期变化,南海海面风场变化与年际振荡有关;南海大部分海区风速呈现增长的趋势,但增长速率较小;风速增大最快的区域是台湾海峡以南海域和北部湾,增长速度达到0.05 ms-1a-1。 相似文献
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A study of radiosonde observations for temperature at 850 hPa over Delhi for a period of 35 years was conducted. The influence of atmospheric oscillations and geophysical events like El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on tropospheric temperature variability showed indicative trends for changing urban climate in Delhi. The inter‐annual variation in surface temperature and its relationship with land use changes and land cover changes (LULCC) was also examined. LULCC and urban expansion into peripheral areas of Delhi (towards the West, North, North‐West and South) at the cost of agricultural and wasteland was found to be extensive. The upper range of the surface temperature has shifted by ~6°C. The post‐monsoon and winter months from November to February have experienced a considerable increase in the average temperature in the period examined. The monsoon months from June to September have undergone cooling of ~0.5°C–1°C at 850 hPa. An inverse relationship exists between the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and the monthly averaged temperature. The temperature of the atmosphere over Delhi at 850 hPa has increased only marginally (~ 0.3°C) for the time period 1980–2015. Bi‐modal peaks were the most peculiar features observed in mean monthly temperature variation during 2000–2009. 相似文献
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利用1951—1999年我国秋季(9—11月)降水、温度和南方涛动指数(SOI)1935—2000年资料研究ENS0与我国秋季气候异常的关系，结果表明，秋季降水与ENS0的关系远比夏季降水与ENS0的关系好。E1Nino年我国秋季降水出现南多北少的分布型(S型)的频率增加近20％，而La Nina年出现S型的频率减少20％。反之，当我国秋季降水距平出现大尺度南北降水异常时，往往表示当时有ENS0现象发生。E1 Nino和La Nina年我国秋季降水距平的分布有显著差异，且这种显著差异主要表现在长江南北、西北和河套地区。不同时段SOI对秋季气候异常的影响不同，当年4—10月SOI值与秋季降水EOF分解第二时间系数(反映大尺度南北旱涝异常特征的权重系数)之间为较明显的正相关，其中8月最显著。上一年7—9月和同年1—3月的SOI值同秋季气温EOF分解的第二时间系数的正相关较明显。可根据前期5—8月的月平均SOI值，预报秋季大尺度降水异常，当年5—8月的SOI平均值偏高时，长江以南(北)地区的降水将有减少(增加)的可能，反之亦然。 相似文献
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