Application of AMD to the Determination of Crop Protection Agents in Drinking Water. Part IV: Fundamentals of a Confirmatory Test     

K. Burger  H. Jork  J. Khler 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1996,24(1):6-15

A method is described for the determination of fifteen active ingredients of plant protecting products in ground-, raw, and drinking water. After extraction and enrichment of the pesticides from the water sample with solid-phase extraction, the extract is fractionated on silica-coated TLC plates, first in a so-called screening gradient by AMD (automated multiple development). The detection of the pesticides is performed by UV multidetection. Positive results from the first separation are confirmed by a second separation on silica in an AMD gradient of distinctly different selectivity, compared to the first separation. Following this strategy, it is possible to distinguish nearly all nonvolatile, from water extractable, active ingredients of plant protecting products in the market. UV spectra are taken for further confirmation of positive results. In most cases, this is possible even at the limit of determination. All chromatograms and spectra shown are raw data, resulting from the confirmatory test DIN 38407 part 11, in the laboratory of one participant*). The method is standardized in the meantime as DIN V 38407-11.  相似文献   

Bestimmung von Atrazin,Terbutylazin und ihrer Desethyl- sowie Hydroxymetaboliten in Boden mittels SFE und HPLC/UV-DAD     

M. Kolb  B. Englert 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1996,24(6):277-282

Determination of Atrazine, Terbutylazine and their Deethyl- and Hydroxymetabolites in Soil by SFE and HPLC/UV-DAD The supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (CO₂ and CH₃OH as modifier) of the herbicides atrazine and terbutylazine as well as their deethyl- and hydroxymetabolites from soil was investigated. The analytes were determined after extraction by HPLC/UV-DAD using a C18 column. The limits of detection of the chromatographic step were between 0.01 μg/mL and 0.07 μg/mL, the relative standard deviations between 0.8% and 1.4%. With the aid of a control chart, the stability of the chromatographic system was evaluated. For extraction, soil was spiked with 5 μg/g for each component. For SFE, CO₂ and methanol as modifier were used, and a pressure program was applied. Beside SFE, Soxhlet extraction with methanol and a solid-liquid extraction with acetone/water by shaking were carried out. For chlorine-containing triazines, the recovery rates were comparable for all extraction methods. The following recovery rates for SFE were obtained: deethylterbutylazine 77.4%, terbutylazine 80.2%, deethylatrazine 87.4%, atrazine 92.6%. However, the recovery rates for the hydroxymetabolites (4.1% for hydroxyatrazine, 21% for hydroxyterbutylazine) were not satisfying compared with the “classical” methods of extraction (above 50%). The limits of detection for the total process (SFE and HPLC/UV-DAD) estimated by the signal to noise ratio amounted 0.08 μg/g soil for chlorine-containing derivates, for hydroxyatrazine 2…3 μg/g, and for hydroxyterbutylazine 0.8 μ/g.  相似文献   

基于GIS不规则单元划分及其地质信息提取系统   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴红星  陈守余 《云南地质》2002,21(3):308-315

地质单元（尤其是不规则单元）划分及地质信息提取是矿产资源定量预测的基础性工作，用通用型GIS软件完成这项工作时有许多限制。如何在较为成熟的商用GIS软件的基础上开发出专用于单元划分及信息提取的计算机系统，是更有效地进行矿产资源定量预测必须解决的问题。从这个目的出发，讨论GIS的不规则地质单元划分及地质信息提取系统的设计及实现过程。  相似文献   

森林资源信息提取和制图技术方法研究   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

臧淑英  祖元刚 《地理科学》1999,19(5):466-469

森林资源信息的提取和制图依赖于大量空间数据的有效处理,探讨了ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ７．０．１和ＡＲＣＶＩＥＷ３．０地理信息系统在森林资源信息提取,分析及制图等方面的技术方法,并以中国东北部大兴安岭地区的塔源林场为例,对方法的具体应用作了阐述。  相似文献   

盐湖卤水直接提取氯化锂的研究概况          下载免费PDF全文

孙建之  邓小川  马培华 《盐湖研究》2003,11(4):47-51

详细论述了世界各国从盐湖卤水中直接提取氯化锂技术研究的进展情况，并对我国发展盐湖卤水提取氯化锂的方向提出了好的建议。  相似文献   

基于HDF4文件格式的MODIS1B影像数据提取的研究与实现   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

张莉  曾致远 《国土资源遥感》2004,15(4):27-32

介绍了HDF4文件格式和HDF软件库的实现原理,分析了MODIS1B数据资料。在MODIS1B数据中主要有两种数据对象SDS和Vdata.文中详细介绍了访问SDS和Vdata数据的SD接口和VS接口,并通过调用HDF软件库分别实现了提取MODIS1B数据中SDS数据和Vdata数据。  相似文献   

Automated Ion-pair extraction and Ion-pair chromatography — a versatile method in water analysis for the determination of highly polar micropollutants     

F. Th. Lange  U. Meier  M. Wenz  H.-J. Brauch 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1995,23(1):6-12

An automated HPLC method is presented which combines on-line ion-pair extraction on small exchangeable RP-C18 precolumns (RP-IPE) with ion-pair chromatography (RP-IPC). Weakly acidic herbicides — carboxylic acids, phenols, and the N-H acidic bentazone — and strong acids, e.g. aromatic sulfonic acids, can be determined simultaneously. Performance data are given. The tetrabutylammonium ion pairs of all investigated compounds are readily transferred from the RP-C18 precolumn to the analytical column by a phosphate buffer/methanol gradient. This is also true for the chlorinated phenoxy acids which, in earlier off-line extraction experiments, could not be desorbed from the RP-C18 material by the lower polar acetone. The RP-IPC is carried out at neutral pH where weakly acidic compounds appear in their stronger UV absorbing dissociated form. Compared to conventional reversed phase chromatography using an acidified eluent, the sensitivity of UV detection is markedly enhanced, especially for the phenol herbicides and bentazone. In addition, phenols can be detected more selectively because they show a second intense absorption band in the wavelength range between 280 nm and 290 nm, where there are only little interferences with the matrix. Due to miniaturization and automation, the online combination IPE/IPC allows a large sample throughput at a lower consumption of solid phase material and organic solvents. Time consuming manual steps are totally missing. The IPE/IPC technique is well suited as a screening method for fate studies of polar micropollutants, e. g. for monitoring the efficiency of different water treatment technologies. An example for balancing an activated carbon filter is presented.  相似文献   

地表潮汐线应变组合观测的信息提取方法   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

蒋骏  张雁滨 《中国地震》1993,9(1):74-82

根据应变花理论,给出了由任意三方向潮汐线应变组合观测确定平面应变状态及提取潮汐面应变、体应变、平面剪切应变信息的方法和公式;特别是,根据潮汐应变理论和实际潮汐线应变的观测事实,利用两潮汐线应变差组合的特征,对地表潮汐剪切应变进行模拟,提出了由地表任意两独立方向潮汐线应变的组合观测确定地表潮汐平面应变状态及提取潮汐面应变、体应变信息的方法和公式,根据波叠加原理,提出了描述组合信息的统一公式,并导出了与之对应的各组合信息的大地系数和附加相位表达式;最后,简要讨论了各组合信息的前兆性物理实质,并得出潮汐线应变差组合观测对地震前兆信息的响应特征完全等价于地表平面内的潮汐剪切应变观测对地震前兆信息的响应特征。  相似文献   

自相似地震活动特征的提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王碧泉  杨锦英  王玉秀  陈锦标 《地震研究》1988,(3)

本文研究了强震前的地震活动前兆。为定量描述这组前兆,我们研究了一组自相似地震活动函数。在此基础上进行了自相似地震活动特征的提取。然后利用直方图法对每一特征作了特征选择,如此共选取了21个特征。这些特征反映了强震活动水平增高,地震活化,地震活动偏离正常值及b值异常等地震活动前兆现象。  相似文献   

三烷基氧膦-GDX-301萃取色层的基本特性及其在铀矿石分析中的应用     

金问龙  姚明霞 《铀矿地质》1986,(2)

本文研究了三烷基氧膦萃取色层分离铀的一些基本特性,如色层柱容量,萃取剂荷载量和溶液流速与理论塔板高度的关系,萃取剂的流失情况以及铀的分离行为等。用pH=5.8—6.2的混合络合剂可将柱上的微量铀定量洗提,以5-Br-PADAP光度法测定,方法简便快速,精密度好,准确度高,可用于矿石中0.002—0.4％铀的测定。  相似文献