自动赋初值的LSB-Snake模型的道路半自动提取方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张海涛  董明  祝晓坤 《北京测绘》2008,(2):1-4

LSB-Snake模型是一个半自动提取线状地物的有效方法,但是在提取道路时需要人工输入道路特征（与背景相比道路的亮暗、宽度）作为初始值,在初始种子点稀少的时候不够稳健,且降低了LSB-Snake模型的效率。因此,本文提出了自动赋初值的LSB-Snake模型,采用自适应模板匹配方法为LSB-Snake模型提供初始特征,同时在初始种子点的基础上自动生成可靠、密集的点,共同作为LSB-Snake模型的种子点参与道路提取。对IKONOS和QuickBird进行道路提取的试验证明：在给定同样数目的初始种子点的情况下,提出的自动赋初值LSB-Snake模型比LSB-Snake模型更加稳健;由于无需人工输入道路特征,自动化程度更高;在道路附近地物阴影、遮挡较多的情况下,抗干扰能力更强。  相似文献   

On the spreading mechanism of shallow groundwater in the Hinterland of the Dutch Dune hill area     

C. van den Akker 《Engineering Geology》2007,91(1):72-77

The low lying Western part of the Netherlands is protected from the sea by a 5 km wide stretch of dunes rising to some 50 m of height. The fresh water pocket in the dunes overlies saline groundwater and a brackish transition zone. There was during a century an extraction of fresh groundwater for drinking water, supported by artificial infiltration. This has been stopped some 30 years ago. The consequent wetting of the valuable farm area (flower cultures) behind the dunes is stronger and more extensive than could be expected from mere replenishment of the fresh water zones in the dunes. It is shown in this paper that the lateral shear flows in the brackish and saline groundwater area have displaced (and are displacing) the interfaces vertically downward. The effect of more fresh and less saline groundwater in an arbitrary groundwater column is an (extra) rise of the groundwater head of the upper fresh water part. The described slow process will continue for decades until a new equilibrium has been established. In the mean time the inner dune farm area will have to cope with a surprisingly strong and extensive water level rise.  相似文献   

Mitigation of asphaltics deposition during CO₂ flood by enhancing CO₂ solvency with chemical modifiers     

R. J. Hwang  J. Ortiz 《Organic Geochemistry》2000,31(12)

CO₂ injected in the reservoir of McElroy Field, TX, for a CO₂ flood was in the supercritical state. Supercritical CO₂ fluid is capable of extracting light and intermediate hydrocarbons from rocks but is unable to extract heavy hydrocarbons and asphaltics. Therefore, plugging of asphaltics in reservoir rocks and a consequent reduction in injectivity and recovery may result when CO₂ only is used in enhanced oil recovery. By adding common solvents as chemical modifiers, the flooding fluid shows marked improvement in solvency for heavy components of crudes due to its increased density and polarity. Numerous supercritical CO₂ fluid extractions of dolomite rock from the Grayburg Formation containing known amount of spiked McElroy crude oil have been carried out to evaluate extraction efficiencies of CO₂ and CO₂ with chemical modifiers at various temperatures and pressures. All experiments show that extraction efficiency increases with increasing CO₂ pressure but decreases with increasing temperature. Addition of chemical modifiers to CO₂ also shows improved extraction efficiency and reduced asphaltic deposits. Under the pressure and temperature similar to McElroy reservoir conditions; chemically modified CO₂ yielded almost 3 times as much oil extracts as those in extractions with CO₂ only. It also reduced the asphaltics content in extracted rocks to nearly one half; indicating its potential for mitigating asphaltics plugging of formation rocks  相似文献   

云南地区强震前兆短期综合异常特征研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

林辉  张平  唐采  付虹 《地震》2004,24(4):113-118

用斜率k和相关系数r值提取云南地区水氡、 水汞、 水温、 地磁的单项短期异常, 用群体非均匀度计算方法对各手段选取的多点观测资料进行计算, 提取综合指标。 研究结果表明, 云南地区M≥5.5地震, 前兆的群体突变异常较为显著, 对M≥5.5地震有较好的短期预报效能, 并通过置信度为97.5%的R检验。  相似文献   

盐湖地下卤水的开采技术及其展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

韩积斌  许建新  安朝  马海州  韩凤清 《盐湖研究》2015,(1):67-72

我国是农业大国,钾肥的需求量巨大,目前钾肥供应主要来源于柴达木盆地。由于目前的技术限制,钾资源的开发还局限于浅部,无法满足我国钾肥的需求,大部分钾肥还依赖于进口。总结和对比井采技术、渠采技术和CO2地质封存与深部卤水联合注采技术(CO2-EWR)表明,对浅层地下卤水的开采,井采技术和渠采技术适用,但两种技术使采卤泵、采卤管道和输卤渠容易堵塞;并且井采技术投资较大,渠采技术可能导致地下水循环受阻,因而会出现大面积的疏干区。CO2-EWR适合开采深部卤水,虽然该技术的一次性投入较大,但该技术一方面将CO2存储在深部卤水层中,另一方面将卤水驱替出含水层,是一种新型的碳捕集、利用与封存的技术(CCUS)。随着浅层卤水资源的耗竭,开展深部卤水资源的开采利用势在必行,CO2-EWR技术应用会越来越广泛。  相似文献   

Automatic extraction of building roofs using LIDAR data and multispectral imagery     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2013

Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates.  相似文献   

ASE3OO与快速索氏抽提仪处理沉积岩样品的地化参数对比     

魏彩云  王汇彤  赵丽娜  张水昌  程磊 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2012,31(1):89-95

本文对加速溶剂萃取仪(ASE300)和快速索氏抽提仪提取的氯仿沥青“A”及由其分离出的饱和烃、芳烃、胶质和沥青质组分做了详细对比.结果表明:多数情况下ASE300抽提出的氯仿沥青“A”的量比快速索氏抽提仪抽提出的量略多,主要是胶质和沥青质量的增加;不同抽提装置得到的饱和烃和芳烃组分的色谱-质谱谱图高度一致,定量结果的相对偏差在5％以内.各组分的稳定碳同位素分析精度±0.5‰.所有的地化参数表明ASE300完全可以替代快速索氏抽提仪,从而降低消耗、提高分析效率.  相似文献   

雨生红球藻多糖的提取分离及理化性质研究     

冯以明  李广生  吴建东  王培培  赵峡  于广利 《海洋科学》2012,36(1):17-22

将雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)经乙醇/乙酸乙酯(1:2,V/V)脱脂,通过冷水、热水和5%碳酸钠提取,得到3种粗多糖(HPC、HPH和HPA),通过Q-Sepharose FF阴离子交换柱进一步分级,从HPC中得到HPC1、HPC2和HPC3共3种多糖组分。运用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、红外光谱(IR)等方法对其单糖组成、相对分子质量和基本结构特征进行分析比较。结果表明,各组分单糖组成复杂,主要含有半乳糖(Gal)、甘露糖(Man)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)、葡萄糖(Glc)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcUA)、半乳糖醛酸(GalUA)、木糖(Xyl)、鼠李糖(Rha)、岩藻糖(Fuc)、葡萄糖胺(GlcN)和半乳糖胺(GalN),其中,Gal含量最高,大于20%。多糖HPC1、HPC2和HPC3的相对峰位分子质量分别为502.6,373.2,577.5和300.5 ku。  相似文献   

萃取结晶法回收碳酸钠实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

樊光友  刘有智  祁贵生  张秀东  尚海茹 《盐湖研究》2009,17(3):44-47

研究了萃取结晶回收无机盐的过程,提出了萃取结晶回收盐的优势,并以水-碳酸钠-正丁醇体系为研究对象,分别考察了加料方式、正丁醇与碳酸钠溶液的溶剂比、温度、搅拌速率等因素对碳酸钠收率的影响。结果表明采用反加法、较大的溶剂比和搅拌速率有利于提高碳酸钠的收率,温度的影响不是特别明显。  相似文献   

含激电效应的CSAMT一维正演研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

岳安平  底青云  王妙月  石昆法 《地球物理学报》2009,52(7):1937-1946

地电体对频率域电磁波激发源的响应为电磁感应和激电效应的综合响应.传统CSAMT法进行数据正反演时认为大地介质电阻率是与频率无关的实数,而实际上因为激电效应,地下可极化体的电阻率是一个与频率相关的复数.为推进二者总体响应研究,并扩展激电法的应用范围,同时提高电磁法勘探的精度,本文基于Dias模型,以复电阻率代替不考虑地电体极化效应的直流电阻率,对CSAMT场源一维层状模型进行了正演模拟,为提取CSAMT信号中所含激电信息提供理论基础.结果表明,考虑激电参数后,视电阻率及相位响应曲线出现明显异常（包括远场、过渡场、近场）;极化前后振幅比值异常峰值、相位差值异常峰值可直观体现激电异常;异常峰值与极化层层厚、埋深以及电阻率变化有连续的对应关系.认为从频率域电磁法信号中提取激电信息有乐观的前景.  相似文献