Estimation of shoreline position and change from satellite images considering tidal variation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Wei-Wei Chen  Hsien-Kuo Chang 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

This paper presents the one-line shift method of determining mean sea level datum-based shoreline positions from three sequential satellite images that take into account tidal variations. Tidal correction through data interpolation on originally computed tides to accurately predict tidal level with a root mean squared error less than 10 cm. The determined mean sea level datum-based shoreline positions of the Waisanding Sandbar by the proposed method differ from those by RTK GPS by about 43.09–193.58 m. Based on the acceptable shoreline positions from satellite images, the whole area of the Waisanding Sandbar is proven to be decreasing since 1999 and migrating landward to the west of Taiwan.  相似文献   

台湾海峡大气微量金属的化学特征及其入海通量   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张远辉  詹建琼  陈立奇  杨绪林  李伟  林奇  杜俊民  林红梅 《台湾海峡》2009,28(4):447-454

2006～2007年,利用大容量气溶胶采样器在台湾海峡采集79个大气气溶胶样品．采用ICP—MS分析法测定了样品中Pb、Cu、Cd、V、Zn、Fe和Al等金属元素的含量．分析结果显示,台湾海峡大气微量金属含量呈现出明显的季节变化,对大部分元素而言,含量最低值出现在夏季,而最高值出现在冬季,气溶胶中微量金属的含量变化与海峡的气象条件等因素有关．通过富集因子、相关性分析和因子分析,对微量金属的来源进行了判别．台湾海峡大气微量金属的来源特征为：Cu、Pb、Cd、V主要来自污染源,而Al、Fe、Zn则主要来自地壳源．比较和分析了台湾海峡海域微量金属的大气与河流输入,Cu和Zn的大气输入低于九龙江和闽江的输入,而Pb、Cd的大气输入则超过了这2条河流的输入．  相似文献   

Geomorphic characteristics of hillslope and channelized debris flows: A case study in the Shitou area of central Taiwan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jinn-Chyi CHEN  Ching-Weei LIN  Lung-Chang WANG 《山地科学学报》2009,6(3):266-273

The data on the hillslope and channelized debris flows in the Shitou area of central Taiwan occurred during Typhoons Toraji and Nali in 2001 were applied in this paper. The geomorphic parameters, including the flow length, gully gradient, drainage area and form factor of the debris flows were determined by spatial analysis using a Geographic Information System （GIS） based on the data derived from field investigation, aerial photographs, and topographical maps. According to such determined geomorphic parameters, the threshold conditions and empirical equations, such as the relationship between the gully gradient and drainage area and that between gully length and drainage area and topographic parameter, are presented and used to distinguish the geomorphic characteristics between the channelized and hillslope debris flows.  相似文献   

扬子地台与华南南盘江盆地大贵州滩三叠系沉积演化史   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Paul Enos  喻羑艺  魏家庸  李荣西 《地球科学与环境学报》2009,31(4):344-367

扬子地台是一个横跨华南地块的以浅海沉积为主的大型碳酸盐岩台地,南盘江盆地是发育在扬子地台碳酸盐岩台地背景之上的一个沉积盆地,从晚元古代到晚三叠世长期海相沉积演化历史中,扬子地台-南盘江盆地体系经历了多次重要的构造演化阶段.扬子地台从晚元古代到早三叠世末期一直保持为一个稳定的碳酸盐岩台地,在中三叠世末期扬子地块整体抬升,海平面下降,形成了遍及扬子主体的拉丁期大海退,从而使扬子地块大部分地区抬升为陆.南盘江盆地位于华南地块南缘,从晚元古代到晚三叠世沉积了一套厚度巨大的海相碳酸盐岩,晚三叠世发育了一套硅质碎屑的浊流沉积,区域沉积也由此转化为河流相沉积.二叠纪和三叠纪碳酸盐岩地层记录了碳酸盐岩台地长期演化历史及其特征多样的沉积建造和沉积环境,而硅质碎屑流和构造沉降速率的变化反映了盆地在三叠纪期间经历的聚合构造和前陆盆地发展过程.在三叠纪时期扬子地台沿西南-北东方向从云南围绕南盘江盆地向贵州延伸,在南盘江盆地中发育了几个孤立的碳酸盐岩台地,包括位于贵州南部和广西境内的大贵州滩和崇左-平果台地.南盘江盆地在晚二叠世发生过一次区域性的海侵事件,早三叠世时期扬子地台和几个孤立台地为由鲕粒边滩组成的低角度斜坡,中三叠世(安尼期)变为由Tubiphytes边礁组成的陡倾斜坡.盆地范围内斜坡变陡激发了Tubiphytes礁和其它的生物体发育,而且它们组成了稳定碳酸盐岩台地的边缘.位于扬子地台西部地区的关林和贞丰一带与最北部的孤立台地(大贵州滩)在安尼期发育了陡倾的边礁.在拉丁期,扬子地台在关林一带进积并与盆地碎屑沉积互层穿插沉积,而位于贞丰的台地边缘出现了由断层控制的地貌特征.与此同时,扬子地台东部(贵阳)由侵蚀滑塌边缘变为进积边缘,向盆地内部进积充填形成了超过600 m的碎屑沉积.但是,与扬子地台不同,位于最北部的孤立台地(大贵州滩)在拉丁期由加积边缘礁变为起伏明显的侵蚀陡崖和饥饿盆地边缘.晚三叠世(卡尼期)扬子地台西部下沉并被晚三叠世浊流沉积埋藏,而扬子地台东部地区在被硅质碎屑沉积埋藏之前持续沉积了一套浅水碳酸盐岩沉积.孤立台地为从南到北逐渐变陡的边缘沉积,而且发育了多个小丘,其中南部地区早期沉降后来被硅质碎屑沉积埋藏,而北部地区到后期下沉.与扬子地台西部一样,最北部的孤立台地(大贵州滩)在晚三叠世下降被碎屑沉积埋藏.以上这种差异源于华南地块南缘因构造聚合作用导致的盆地南部地区不同沉降速率.大贵州滩是盆地中演化历史最长的孤立台地,穿过大贵州滩孤立台地内部和边缘的两条正交剖面显示出了一个被断层切断的向斜构造,这样就很容易识别其沉积建造特征及演化历史.大贵州滩发育的整合的二叠系-三叠系界线剖面以及从早三叠世到中三叠世生物复苏阶段连续的巨厚沉积,使其成为一个研究二叠世末期生物大绝灭期间的海相环境以及生物生态条件最为理想的地区.  相似文献   

秋初台湾浅滩水体浊度和荧光叶绿素分布特征研究     

胡毅  陈坚  黄财宾 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(3)

阐述了台湾浅滩邻近海域秋初的水体浊度、荧光叶绿素a的分布变化特征,指出荧光叶绿素a的分布除与营养盐的限制相关外,温盐等水文动力条件对其分布特征也起着重要控制作用,尤其在控制荧光叶绿素a极值分布下界方面可能起着关键作用.而在上升流涌升强烈的地区往往出现了浊度最大值,这可能与底层物质的再悬浮有关.  相似文献   

福康安征台与妈祖信仰传播   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘福铸 《广东海洋大学学报》2008,28(5)

清将福康安是乾隆帝的宠臣,也是平定台湾林爽文事件的功臣。福康安因征台和渡海需要而推崇和传播妈祖信仰,不但倡建有三座妈祖庙,而且留有题匾、碑记等。一方面他想证明清廷得到了妈祖神助,另一方面也想表明清廷认同妈祖信仰,这对抚慰台湾同胞心灵和强化妈祖信众的国家认同意识都起积极作用,而在北京创建的天后宫对妈祖信仰在京城的传播也起到了推动作用。  相似文献   

Growth of mica porphyroblasts under low-grade metamorphism – A Taiwanese case using in-situ 40Ar/39Ar laser microprobe dating     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2016

Mica porphyroblasts, a common metamorphic microstructure, are analyzed in the slate belt of northern Taiwan where large fish-like growths are found within a meta-pyroclastics. With constraints on the time-temperature history from deposition through peak metamorphic state to exhumation, in-situ ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar laser microprobe dating was carried out on muscovite and corrensite fibers of mm-scale mica porphyroblasts grown on a pressure-solution seam. Because the peak metamorphic temperature and the porphyroblast formation condition (∼250 °C) remained far below the closure temperature of the K-Ar radioisotope system in muscovite, and the absence of muscovite in the mafic protolith, the dating results likely document the growth of the mica porphyroblast fabrics. The syn-kinematic nature of the analyzed porphyroblasts is confirmed by the ∼6 to ∼2.5 Ma growth ages, suggesting that the host rock was continuously deformed during the earlier two-thirds of the Taiwan Orogeny. The pattern of fiber growth, in contrast to outward-decreasing ages normally observed in peripheral recrystallization, appears random and resembles void fills in boudin openings. We postulate that syntaxial crack-seal following tensile micro-boudinage, along with slips on sub-grain boundaries, as a viable mechanism for the development of mica porphyroblasts and fish especially in lower-grade metamorphic rocks.  相似文献   

近10年台湾海峡海面风场的时空特征变化动态分析     

潘卫华  林毅 《热带气象学报》2019,35(3):296-303

利用台湾海峡ASCAT海面风场数据和气象观测资料,通过EOF和统计方法综合分析台湾海峡海面风场2007—2017年10年的时空模态变化特征,使用Mann-Kendall法和滑动t-检验法对10年间海面风速进行突变检验,对台湾海峡海面风场季节变化时空特征进行分析研究。(1) “狭管效应”在台湾海峡海面风场上呈现明显的季节性特征,其中春季、秋季和冬季海面风场季节性特征显著,夏季表现不明显。受台湾岛地形和季风环流影响,台湾岛南北两端海面易出现风速增强的角流区,岛中央山脉背风区易出现低风速尾流区。(2) 10年间台湾海峡海面月平均风场EOF空间模态受台湾岛地形影响显著,台湾海峡海域为异常值偏差中心,易发生风速突然增幅和风向改变。时间模态大体表现为季节性振荡型变化,振幅在10年中表现为不活跃,呈逐年递减趋势。(3) Mann-Kendall法和滑动t-检验法等方法的突变检验结果表明风速并未发生显著性突变,10年间台湾海峡海面风速特征表现为从正相位向负相位的改变,且随着趋势持续加大,将可能发生风速突变。   相似文献   

Sequestration of metals through association with pyrite in subtidal sediments of the Nanpaishui Estuary on the Western Bank of the Bohai Sea, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ye S  Laws EA  Zhong S  Ding X  Pang S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(5):934-941

Measurements were made of the degree of trace metal pyritization (DTMP) and ancillary characteristics of four undisturbed sediment cores collected from the subtidal zone of the Nanpaishui Estuary on the Western Bank of the Bohai Sea, a seriously polluted inland sea in northeastern China. The remarkably low concentrations of organic carbon (<0.72%) in these sediments likely constrained sulfate reduction rates, and the low concentrations of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) (<12.5 μmol g⁻¹) limited the sequestration of metals through association with pyrite. The most consistent cause of inter-station differences and depth variations in the degree of pyritization was differences in pyrite metal concentrations rather than reactive metal concentrations. Reactive metal concentrations were in several cases negatively correlated with pore water concentrations, consistent with a dissolution/precipitation mechanism. The relationship between pore water metal concentrations and DTMPs was evidenced by a qualitative similarity of the inter-station variability of these same parameters.  相似文献   

Carbon input, production and turnover in the interstices of a Lake Tegel bank filtration site, Berlin, Germany     

Anja Hoffmann  Günter Gunkel 《Limnologica》2011,41(3):151-159

The sandy littoral zone of Lake Tegel (Berlin, Germany) was investigated during 2004–2006 down to sediment depths ≥26 cm to derive a scheme of seasonal carbon turnover under induced bank filtration conditions. Carbon turnover processes were quantified regarding external and internal sources of dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and POM), primary production, community respiration, redox potential as well as specific loads of soluble chemical compounds such as nitrogen, iron, manganese and DOC.Over the course of the year, infiltrating DOC decreased by about 13–20% within the upper 26 cm sediment of the infiltration stretch. Gradients of all observed soluble compounds that are highly cross-linked to biological activities were highest in the topmost centimetre. In this depth mass balances (output–input) were negative concerning NO₃-N (−1 mg dm⁻² d⁻¹, summer mean) and DOC (−2 mg dm⁻² d⁻¹, winter mean), respectively, while specific loads of cations such as manganese reached up to 0.2 mg dm⁻² d⁻¹ during summer. Carbon mineralization ranged between 3 and 7 mg C dm⁻² d⁻¹ and was nearly twice as high in summer as in winter. The turnover of the infiltrating DOC contributed maximally 25% in summer to 50% in winter to the entire organic carbon mineralization. Gross and net primary production differed up to a factor of >10, indicating very fast turnover reactions and the predominance of community respiration and mineralization, respectively. The POC in the upper sediment layer (10 cm) temporally varied around 1% sediment d.w.; benthic algae, organic seston input and autumnal leaf fall contributed similar percentages to the POC pool.  相似文献