河南嵩县七亩地沟金矿床成矿流体来源及演化——来自矿床地质和流体包裹体的证据     

李新培  陈良  王琦崧  王文博  李雷  苏蔷薇 《矿床地质》2016,35(2):283-299

河南省嵩县七亩地沟金矿床位于华北克拉通南缘的熊耳山地区。矿床赋存在中元古代熊耳群中酸性火山岩中,矿体严格受构造断裂带控制,主要呈脉状产出,矿石以石英脉型占主导,少量蚀变岩型;主要矿石矿物为黄铁矿、少量方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿等。围岩蚀变以硅化、绢云母化、绿泥石化和碳酸盐化为主。成矿过程从早到晚可分为3个阶段:石英-黄铁矿阶段、黄铁矿-石英-多金属硫化物阶段和石英-方解石阶段。不同成矿阶段的石英和/或方解石中广泛发育流体包裹体。早阶段和中阶段石英中CO_2型流体包裹体、NaCl-H_2O型流体包裹体、含子矿物流体包裹体均有发育,晚阶段方解石中主要发育NaCl-H_2O型流体包裹体。从早阶段到晚阶段,流体包裹体均一温度分别为254~397℃、221~397℃、162~237℃,盐度w(NaCleq)从早阶段的3.52%~21.88%和34.95%~45.33%双峰值,经中阶段的0.42%~13.83%和29.11%~42.48%双峰值,到晚阶段w(NaCleq)为0.35%~5.86%。CO_2型包裹体估算的早阶段和中阶段捕获压力为93~199 MPa和47~169 MPa,晚阶段NaCl-H_2O型包裹体估算的捕获压力为28~64 MPa,相应的成矿深度为3.4~7.2 km、1.7~6.2 km和2.9~6.5 km,指示成矿发生在地壳隆升过程中,区域应力场由挤压向伸展转变。流体沸腾作用是导致硫化物和金等成矿物质快速沉淀的主要机制,通过沸腾和大气降水的混合,成矿流体系统由富CO_2向贫CO_2流体演化,由变质流体向大气降水演化。  相似文献   

应用去除碳酸盐法研究滇黔地区“白泥塘层”硅质成分的来源     

江冉  付勇  王富良  裴浩翔  徐志刚  温宏利  周文喜 《岩矿测试》2016,35(3):236-244

稀土元素是研究沉积岩的形成条件及环境特征的重要指标,本文以桂林寨底地下河系统中岩石样品为研究对象,采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱进行稀土元素测试分析,研究了该地区碳酸盐岩的形成环境。结果表明:碳酸盐岩的稀土总量(∑REEs)偏低,不同地层岩性间的∑REEs具有一定差异性,总体上信都组泥质粉砂岩(D₂x)的∑REEs最高,其次为融县组(D₃r)厚层灰岩和桂林组灰岩(D₃g),东村组厚层灰岩(D₃d)和额头村组灰岩及白云质灰岩(D₃e)的∑REEs较低。整体上表现为重稀土元素相对于轻稀土元素富集的特征,且Ce具有较明显的负异常,而Eu无异常或异常不明显,不同于碎屑岩的轻稀土相对富集、Eu负异常、Ce无异常或异常不明显的特征。这些特征表明研究区碳酸盐岩的形成环境为氧化-海相碳酸盐岩沉积环境,可为定量化判别岩溶区碳酸盐岩形成环境提供依据。  相似文献   

X射线衍射-红外光谱-扫描电镜表征超声辅助合成GdPO_4:Ce,Tb纳米材料形貌及光学性质     

范瑶瑶  胡宗超  郝宏艳  刘政平  覃汉清 《岩矿测试》2016,35(2):152-158

超声辅助方法是制备纳米材料的有效手段,可提高纳米材料的磁学、光学等特殊性能。本文在不同p H条件下超声辅助合成GdPO_4:Ce,Tb三元体系荧光粉,采用X射线粉末衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电子显微镜及光致发光荧光光谱分析方法对样品进行了表征。结果表明:①样品仅在p H=1时,才能生成规则的15 nm×104nm六方晶系纳米棒状正磷酸盐绿色荧光粉,晶体优先选择(102)及(200)晶面生长;p H1无法得到样品;p H1为颗粒状的正磷酸盐绿色荧光粉。②进一步验证了Gd、Ce、Tb三元体系中Ce~(3+)离子能量较高的5d组态将能量传递给Gd~(3+)离子,而Gd~(3+)离子的跃迁发射与Tb~(3+)离子的吸收峰有较大的光谱重叠,故传递途径是Ce~(3+)→Gd~(3+)→Tb~(3+);少量Ce~(3+)的引入可提高以GdPO_4基质发光材料的发光强度。此结果可为开发稀土材料提供理论依据。  相似文献   

The effect of river-delta system on the formation of the source rocks in the Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2016

Source rock formation influenced by river-delta system, especially in continental margin basins, is still poorly understood. This article aimed to reveal the effect of river-delta system on the formation of the source rock by taking the Baiyun Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin for example. Paleo-Pearl River began to develop since the Enping Formation, providing abundant organic matter beneficial for the formation of the source rocks in the Baiyun Sag. The main controlling factor of source rock formation in the Baiyun Sag is terrestrial organic matter supply rather than the paleoproductivity or redox conditions. Low Al/Ti and P/Ti ratios suggest low marine productivity, which may be associated with a large number of terrigenous detritus input, occupying about 43.04%–94.91%. There is a positive correlation between the oleanane/C₃₀hopane ratio and the TOC value, showing that terrigenous organic matter controls the source rock formation. The size of the delta below Pearl River estuary determines the extent of terrestrial organic matter supply. Source rocks with high organic matter abundance mainly formed in delta environment, and those in neritic environment in Enping and Zhuhai Formations also have high TOC values as a result of adequate terrestrial organic matter supply.  相似文献   

近景摄影测量在土壤侵蚀监测中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宋月君  黄炎和  杨洁  段剑  沈乐 《测绘科学》2016,41(6):80-83,96

针对当前近景摄影测量技术对影像采集设备以及操作人员专业性要求高的特点,该文在总结前人研究的基础上,提出了一种基于普通数码相机的近景摄影测量技术方法,并将其应用于微区土壤侵蚀监测试验中。通过该方法在人工水冲试验和天然降雨试验前后的土壤侵蚀动态监测得到:与传统土壤侵蚀监测方法相比,采用该方法测得的土壤侵蚀量精度分别可以达到75%和83.11%,单次测量精度最高可达94.33%。通过分析误差来源,结果表明:在一定条件下,可以实现基于普通数码相机的近景摄影测量技术在生产建设项目土壤侵蚀监测中的应用。  相似文献   

Predicting the optical properties of the West Florida Shelf: resolving the potential impacts of a terrestrial boundary condition on the distribution of colored dissolved and particulate matter   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W. Paul Bissett  Robert Arnone  Sharon DeBra  Dwight A. Dieterle  Daniel Dye  Gary J. Kirkpatrick  Oscar M. Schofield  Gabriel A. Vargo 《Marine Chemistry》2005,95(3-4):199-233

Predicting the distribution of Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs) in the water column requires predicting the physical, chemical, biological, and optical interactions in a common framework that facilitates feedback responses. This work focuses on the development of ecological and optical interaction equations embedded in a 2D hindcast model of the shallow water optical properties on the West Florida Shelf (WFS) during late summer/fall of 1998. This 2D simulation of the WFS includes one case with a Loop Current intrusion above the 40-m isobath and one with the Loop Current intrusion in addition to a periodic terrestrial nutrient supply below the 10-m isobath. The ecological and optical interaction equations are an expansion of a previously developed model for open ocean conditions (Bissett, W.P., Carder, K.L., Walsh, J.J., Dieterle, D.A., 1999a. Carbon cycling in the upper waters of the Sargasso Sea: II. Numerical simulation of apparent and inherent optical properties. Deep-Sea Research, Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 46 (2), 271–317; Bissett, W.P., Walsh, J.J., Dieterle, D.A., Carder, K.L., 1999b. Carbon cycling in the upperwaters of the Sargasso Sea: I. Numerical simulation of differential carbon and nitrogen fluxes. Deep-Sea Research, Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 46 (2), 205–269). The expansion includes an increase in the number of elemental pools to include silica, phosphorus, and iron, an increase in the number of phytoplankton functional groups, and a redevelopment of the Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) and Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) interaction equations. It was determined from this simulation that while the Loop Current alone was able to predict the water column conditions present during the summer, the Loop Current alone was not enough to simulate the magnitude of optical constituents present in the fall of 1998 when compared to satellite imagery. Simulating terrestrial inorganic and organic nutrients and CDOM pulses coinciding with significant meteorological events and high freshwater pulses released from the major rivers feeding the WFS were required to accurately predict the distribution and scale of the inherent optical properties at the surface during the fall months. Modeling the in situ light field for phytoplankton growth and community competition requires addressing the CDOM optical constituent explicitly. The majority of the annually modeled CDOM on WFS was created via in situ production; however, it was also rapidly removed via advection and photochemical destruction. A pulse of terrestrial nutrient and organic color was required to simulate the dramatic changes in surface color seen in satellite imagery on the WFS. The dynamics of the biogeochemical portion of the simulation demonstrate the importance of nonstoichiometric supplies of terrestrial nutrients on the WFS to the prediction of nutrient and CDOM fluxes.  相似文献   

我国大陆地区大地热流与地壳厚度的变化   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

黄少鹏 《地球物理学报》1992,35(4):441-450

本文从我国大陆地区现有的热流观测和深部地球物理资料出发,对1°×1°网格平均热流值（q）与地壳厚度值（M）进行回归分析.结果表明,中国大陆地区作为一个整体,q-M之间存在良好的正相关关系;在111°E以东地区特别是在华北盆地,两者呈显著负相关关系.按地壳厚度分组和按热流值分组的统计结果具有相似的特征,在所有“一分为二”（即只分成小于和大于等于某一指定值）的分组系列中,高值范围的算例都呈显著正相关,回归直线斜率在0.4-2.8mW/（m²·km）的范围内,与国内外报道的地表岩石生热率值一致;而低值范围的算例均给不出清晰的相关关系.作者认为,上述统计结果是地壳岩石放射性生热贡献和来自深部的地幔热流在大地热流二元结构中所起的作用在不同情况下有所不同的体现.  相似文献   

Deglacial history of glacial lake windermere,UK: implications for the central British and Irish Ice Sheet     

Luke J. W. Pinson  Mark E. Vardy  Justin K. Dix  Timothy J. Henstock  Jonathan M. Bull  Suzanne E. Maclachlan 《第四纪科学杂志》2013,28(1):83-94

In the UK, a combination of outcrop mapping, satellite digital elevation models, high‐resolution marine geophysical data and a range of dating techniques have constrained the maximum limit and overall retreat behaviour of the British and Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS). The changing styles of deglaciation have been most extensively studied in the west and north‐western sectors of the BIIS, primarily using offshore geophysical surveys. The surviving record in the southern, terrestrial sector is fragmentary, permitting only large‐scale (tens of kilometres) and longer timescale (c. 1 ka) reconstructions of ice‐margin movement, with limited information on deglacial processes. Here we present a high‐resolution study of the retreat behaviour for a section of the southern ice‐margin from Windermere in the Lake District, using high‐resolution two‐dimensional multi‐channel seismic data, processed using prestack depth migration. By combining the seismic stratigraphy with landform morphologies, extant cores and seismic velocity measurements, we are able to distinguish between: over‐consolidated till; recessional moraines; De Geer moraines; flowed till/ice‐front fan; supra‐/en‐glacial melt‐out till; and subsequent glaciolacustrine/lacustrine sedimentation. The results reveal a complex and active valley glacier withdrawal from Windermere that changed character between basins and produced two small, localized areas of ice‐stagnation and downwasting. This study indicates that similar active ice‐margin retreats probably took place in other valleys of the Lake District during the Late Devensian deglaciation rather than the previously held view of rapid ice‐stagnation and downwasting. When combined with the regional terrestrial record, this supports a model of early ice loss in terrestrial England compared with other parts of the UK. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

On the stability of a planet between Mars and the asteroid belt: Implications for the Planet V hypothesis     

J.E. Chambers 《Icarus》2007,189(2):386-400

The stability of an additional planet between the orbit of Mars and the asteroid belt is examined in the context of the Planet V hypothesis. In this model, the Solar System initially contained a fifth terrestrial planet, “Planet V,” which was removed after ∼700 Myr, a possible trigger for the late heavy bombardment on the inner planets. The model is investigated using 96 N-body integrations of the 8 major planets with an additional body between Mars and the asteroid belt. In more than 1/4 of simulations, Planet V survives for 1000 Myr. In most other cases, Planet V collides with the Sun or hits another planet after several hundred Myr, leaving 4 surviving terrestrial planets. In 24/96 simulations, Planet V is lost by ejection or collision with the Sun while the other four terrestrial planets survive without undergoing a collision. In 18 cases, Planet V is removed at least 200 Myr after the beginning of the simulation. The endstate depends sensitively on the mass of Planet V. Collision with the Sun is likely when Planet V's mass is 0.25 Mars masses or less. When Planet V is more massive than this, collisions involving it and/or other terrestrial planets become commonplace. In unstable systems, the times of first encounter and first collision/ejection depend on the initial aphelion distance of Mars. Reducing Mars's aphelion distance increases these times and also increases the fraction of systems surviving for 1000 Myr. When Mars's current orbit is used, the stability of Planet V increases when these two planets are widely separated initially. Planet V's aphelion distance Q typically begins to cross the asteroid belt within a few tens to a few hundred Myr, and its orbit last leaves the belt several hundred Myr later in most cases. The total time spent with Q>2.1 AU is typically less than 200 Myr.  相似文献   

三维激光扫描用于获取开采沉陷盆地研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈冉丽  吴侃 《测绘工程》2012,21(3):67-70

针对常规地表观测站需要布设大量的测点,占用农田、测点保护困难等缺点,提出采用三维激光扫描获取开采沉陷盆地的新思路。研究三维激光扫描获取开采沉陷盆地的原理、数据处理步骤和方法,并选择了某矿工作面做一个实测案例研究。研究结果表明,该方法能达到较高的精度,具有工程应用价值。  相似文献