强震后需要与可能提供的信息     

韩渭宾  陈维锋 《四川地震》2011,(1):11-14

本文分析了强震刚发生,政府与公众急需知道什么信息,随着时间推移需要不断补充哪些信息,地震系统依靠台网测定、现场考察、系统内收集和汇总、预测研究等能够与时俱进提供哪些信息,并讨论了基层(市县局、台站)与省信息中心震后的互动问题.  相似文献   

四川省防震减灾素质教育工程设计     

鲁长江  陈维锋  林洋  陈聪 《四川地震》2011,(3):17-21

四川省防震减灾素质教育工程的建设内容包括1个防震减灾素质教育中心、39个防震减灾科普宣传服务站、180个防震减灾科普示范学校和25个防震减灾科普示范社区。教育工程能够实现全省防震减灾科普知识的有效宣传,以及地震信息的实时发布和地震救援信息的实时更新。  相似文献   

Cr(VI) Immobilization Process in a Cr‐Spiked Soil by Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology     

Leila Alidokht  Ali Reza Khataee  Adel Reyhanitabar  Shahin Oustan 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(7):633-640

The response surface methodology involving the five‐level central composite design (CCD) was employed to model and optimize the Cr(VI) immobilization process in a Cr‐spiked soil using starch‐stabilized zerovalent iron nanoparticles (ZVIn). ZVIn were synthesized via a borohydride reduction method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All Cr(VI) immobilization experiments were conducted in a batch system. The variables for the CCD optimization were the ZVIn dosage (% w/w), reaction time (min), and initial Cr(VI) concentration in soil (mg/kg). The predicted response values by the second‐order polynomial model were found to be in good agreement with experimental values (R² = 0.968 and adj‐R² = 0.940). The optimization result showed that the Cr(VI) immobilization efficiency presented the maximal result (90.63%) at the following optimal conditions: ZVIn dosage of 1.5% w/w, reaction time of 60 min, and an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 400 mg/kg.  相似文献   

Leaching evaluation of cement stabilisation / solidification treated kaolin clay     

U.E. John  I. Jefferson  D.I. Boardman  G.S. Ghataora  C.D. Hills 《Engineering Geology》2011,(4):315

Sustainable land management often requires redevelopment of existing and often contaminated Brownfield sites over use of Greenfield or agricultural land. Stabilisation / solidification (S/S) offer a viable remediation option with particular suitability in treating heavy metal contaminants. However, uncertainties over long-term durability and previously cheap landfill disposal costs resulted in limited use in many countries. There is a need to characterise treated material and assess components containment and release, to improve S/S confidence and inform remedial design, using the evaluation of the leaching controlling mechanisms. To improve understanding of key features that will enable improvements to such designs, this paper presents an evaluation of leaching for CEM II stabilised kaolin, using the leaching behaviour of 4 main components—aluminium, silicon, calcium and sulphur. Results show no detrimental implications on chemical durability due to kaolin degradation with hydration under induced alkalinity, with increased formation of stable cementitious minerals. Availabilities for components show that aluminium and silicon had minimal leachability compared to total content, whilst calcium and sulphur show almost total leaching availability. Decreasing calcium and silicon leachability under natural chemical conditions with increased hydration duration supports the increased formation of stable cementitious products with time, using the products of kaolin dissociation.  相似文献   

防震减灾:基于下一次强震地点预测并施以区域建筑抗震设防的对策思路          下载免费PDF全文

蔡作馨 《地震地质》2011,33(1):203-207

分析认为,"针对下一次强震将要发生的地点实施区域建筑抗震设防"应为现阶段中国防震减灾寻求突破在基本对策上的一种合理选择.这一思路的关键是需要准确地知道下一次强震将要发生在哪里,而不必知道将发生在何时(文中姑且将回答这一问题的地震预测称为"第三类地震预测").按照"排除法"的思路,分析得到了"强应力、强介质、大规模、且呈...  相似文献   

Characterization of acid sulfate soils and assessing their impact on a humic boreal lake     

Janne Toivonen  Peter Österholm 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2011

Due to acidity and metals from acid sulfate soils (a.s. soils), many watercourses in midwestern Finland have since 1960s regularly experienced short but intensive periods of poor water quality during high water flow. This has led to occasional massive fish kills and a significant decline in fish populations.  相似文献   

优化EWT-NLM的自适应GNSS高程时间序列降噪方法     

鲁铁定  陶蕊  程远明  周子琪  何锦亮 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(5):451-456

提出一种引入样本熵（SE）优化的经验小波变换（EWT）结合非局部均值（NLM）滤波的组合自适应降噪方法。该方法使用SE确定全部经验模态分量中低频有效信号界限,叠加其余中高频分量后进行NLM滤波处理,之后重构滤波信号与有效信号为最终降噪信号,从而达到滤除高频噪声的目的。模拟数据与实测数据的实验结果表明,优化的EWT-NLM方法整体优于EMD、EWT方法,RMSE分别降低13.41%/10.63%（实测数据/模拟数据）、7.13%/5.78%,信噪比分别提升22.03%/22.54%、9.72%/7.42%。  相似文献   

Opaque mineralogy and magnetic properties of selected banded iron‐formations,Hamersley Basin,Western Australia     

L. A. Tompkins  D. R. Cowan 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):427-437

The oxide mineralogy and rock magnetic properties of unmineralised banded iron‐formations in selected portions of four drillholes in the Hamersley Basin, Western Australia are reviewed. In all four drillholes, petrographic studies indicate that primary euhedral to subhedral hematite is partially replaced by magnetite as a result of subsolidus reduction. All drillholes show partial recrystallisation of the secondary magnetite, suggesting that early subsolidus reduction was probably a regional event occurring during prograde metamorphism. Incomplete replacement of primary hematite by magnetite within and between sedimentary band structures indicates that equilibration in the magnetite stability field was not reached even at the mesoband scale. Subsequent subsolidus oxidation of magnetite and the formation of a second‐generation hematite are documented in only two of the drillholes. Goethite‐filled veins and thick selvages of goethite around some veins reflect movement of circulating oxidising fluids. The absence of goethite and second‐generation hematite in two of the drillholes indicates that subsolidus oxidation is not a regional event, but very much localised. Rapid changes in down‐hole susceptibility measurements correlate directly with detailed petrographic results as susceptibility readings change with the hematite/magnetite ratio on a mesoband scale. Acquisition of the main remanence correlates with the formation of hematite as the primary oxide phase followed by partial replacement by magnetite as a result of subsolidus reduction, supporting regional models requiring pre‐folding remanence. The strong orientation of the primary hematite parent parallel to band structures in the banded iron‐formations has influenced the direction of crystallisation remanent magnetisation during subsolidus reduction to the magnetite daughter. The strong planar alignment has also produced a planar magnetic fabric and marked anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. A natural remanent magnetisation overprint and reduction in anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility are only recorded in samples that have undergone subsolidus oxidation and the recognition of localised post‐metamorphic oxidation overprinting can also explain ore deposit models requiring post‐folding remanence. The relative timing of and between oxidising fluid events is not known, but both petrographic and rock magnetic evidence to date suggests that there was at least one and probably two post‐folding oxidising events in the area of study.  相似文献   

吴起县土河院滑坡治理设计     

梁英英  任园园 《陕西地质》2013,(2):101-103

以吴起县土河院组滑坡治理设计为例,使用ANSYS对边坡进行稳定性分析,提出治理方案.  相似文献   

海洋沉积物甲烷厌氧氧化作用(AOM)及其对无机硫循环的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴自军  任德章  周怀阳 《地球科学进展》2013,28(7):765-773

甲烷厌氧氧化作用(AOM)在调控全球甲烷收支平衡以及缓解因甲烷引起的温室效应等方面扮演着十分重要的角色,成为近些年来海洋生物地球化学领域的研究热点之一.一般而言,海洋沉积物孔隙水硫酸盐还原主要是通过2种反应途径来完成,即氧化有机质途径和AOM途径.长期以来,与有机质氧化途径相关的硫酸盐还原作用研究已有充分展示,而由AOM驱动的硫酸盐还原及其对自生硫化铁形成与埋藏的重要贡献却被严重低估.侧重从生物地球化学、同位素地球化学等角度,综述近些年来不同环境条件下海洋沉积物AOM作用发生的地球化学证据和AOM对沉积物孔隙水硫酸盐消耗比例的贡献大小及其调控因素.AOM过程产生的H2S会与沉积物中活性铁结合形成自生铁硫化物.与沉积物浅表层条件相比,AOM过程固定的自生铁硫化物不容易发生再氧化,更利于在沉积物中埋藏保存起来.AOM与海洋沉积物硫酸盐还原作用相偶联,由AOM驱动的硫酸盐还原过程对海底自生铁硫化物形成与埋藏的重要贡献不容忽视.该综述有助加深对海洋沉积物AOM作用的认识及其对硫循环的全面理解.  相似文献