多变量时间序列滑动窗口异常点的检测     

戴慧  阚建飞  李伟仁  周卫东 《南京气象学院学报》2014,6(6):515-519

针对多变量时间序列(MTS)的异常点的探测问题,提出了采用由粗到细的二次探测方案.基于滑动窗口数据的置信区间,构造了变化趋势值特征和相对变化趋势值特征分别用于二次探测,同时研究了特征的快速提取算法.通过对OPEN3000数据监测系统采集的事故发生前后某市城南变电站各设备表的数据集进行异常点探测,结果表明提出的算法能够快速准确地探测出异常点的位置.  相似文献   

内蒙古中部地区中-新元古代黑色岩系中的金矿床及找矿远景          下载免费PDF全文

荣丹文  张劼  荣晓伟  李建伏  高伯兴 《山东国土资源》2014,30(3):51-55

内蒙古中部地区中—新元古代黑色岩系发育,形成于渣尔泰-白云鄂博裂陷槽内,命名为渣尔泰群和白云鄂博群。目前,仅在白云鄂博群的黑色岩系中发现并勘查了一批原生金矿。矿石主要类型为细脉型和蚀变变质岩型。金矿受层位和构造破碎带控制,金平均品位低,可形成大型或超大型矿床。因此,内蒙古中部中—新元古代黑色岩系中金矿资源潜力大,找矿远景好。  相似文献   

Forest cover classification using Landsat ETM+ data and time series MODIS NDVI data     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2014

Forest cover plays a key role in climate change by influencing the carbon stocks, the hydrological cycle and the energy balance. Forest cover information can be determined from fine-resolution data, such as Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). However, forest cover classification with fine-resolution data usually uses only one temporal data because successive data acquirement is difficult. It may achieve mis-classification result without involving vegetation growth information, because different vegetation types may have the similar spectral features in the fine-resolution data. To overcome these issues, a forest cover classification method using Landsat ETM+ data appending with time series Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data was proposed. The objective was to investigate the potential of temporal features extracted from coarse-resolution time series vegetation index data on improving the forest cover classification accuracy using fine-resolution remote sensing data. This method firstly fused Landsat ETM+ NDVI and MODIS NDVI data to obtain time series fine-resolution NDVI data, and then the temporal features were extracted from the fused NDVI data. Finally, temporal features combined with Landsat ETM+ spectral data was used to improve forest cover classification accuracy using supervised classifier. The study in North China region confirmed that time series NDVI features had significant effects on improving forest cover classification accuracy of fine resolution remote sensing data. The NDVI features extracted from time series fused NDVI data could improve the overall classification accuracy approximately 5% from 88.99% to 93.88% compared to only using single Landsat ETM+ data.  相似文献   

Historical forest biomass dynamics modelled with Landsat spectral trajectories     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2014

Estimation of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) is informative of the role of forest ecosystems in local and global carbon budgets. There is a need to retrospectively estimate biomass in order to establish a historical baseline and enable reporting of change. In this research, we used temporal spectral trajectories to inform on forest successional development status in support of modelling and mapping of historic AGB for Mediterranean pines in central Spain. AGB generated with ground plot data from the Spanish National Forest Inventory (NFI), representing two collection periods (1990 and 2000), are linked with static and dynamic spectral data as captured by Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensors over a 25 year period (1984–2009). The importance of forest structural complexity on the relationship between AGB and spectral vegetation indices is revealed by the analysis of wavelet transforms. Two-dimensional (2D) wavelet transforms support the identification of spectral trajectory patterns of forest stands that in turn, are associated with traits of individual NFI plots, using a flexible algorithm sensitive to capturing time series similarity. Single-date spectral indices, temporal trajectories, and temporal derivatives associated with succession are used as input variables to non-parametric decision trees for modelling, estimation, and mapping of AGB and carbon sinks over the entire study area. Results indicate that patterns of change found in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values are associated and relate well to classes of forest AGB. The Tasseled Cap Angle (TCA) index was found to be strongly related with forest density, although the related patterns of change had little relation with variability in historic AGB. By scaling biomass models through small (∼2.5 ha) spatial objects defined by spectral homogeneity, the AGB dynamics in the period 1990–2000 are mapped (70% accuracy when validated with plot values of change), revealing an increase of 18% in AGB irregularly distributed over 814 km² of pines. The accumulation of C calculated in AGB was on average 0.65 t ha⁻¹ y⁻¹, equivalent to a fixation of 2.38 t ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ of carbon dioxide.  相似文献   

时间序列分析在地铁沉降监测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张松  田林亚 《测绘工程》2014,23(10):63-66

采用时间序列分析的方法,通过对已获取的地铁沉降监测数据进行分析、建模,得到合理的沉降预测模型,不仅可以预测出短时间内地铁区段的沉降量,并可了解地铁区段短时间内的沉降趋势。实验证明,方法简单、快速、准确,具有良好的短期预报效果。  相似文献   

基于改进泰勒级数法的总强度磁异常稳健向下延拓     

卞光浪翟国君  高金耀朱丹李连登  方建勋李研 《测绘学报》2014,43(1):30-36

位场向下延拓隶属于经典不适定问题,观测数据中细微的误差在向下延拓过程中都被严重放大,甚至会掩盖真实信息。如何精确地求解总强度磁异常（Bm）在垂直方向的各阶导数,是利用泰勒级数实现稳健向下延拓的关键。为此,本文首先分析了调和函数的相关性质,从理论上证明了Bm为准调和函数的结论,在精确计算各阶垂向导数基础上,提出利用改进泰勒级数实现磁场稳健向下延拓。为降低边界效应对向下延拓计算结果的影响,提出采用半余弦函数对磁场在4个方向上进行平滑扩边处理。通过球体与长方体仿真试验以及航空、船载实测磁场数据对提出方法进行了验证。结论表明,提出的技术方法可实现磁场稳健向下延拓,当观测数据无噪声时,计算结果精度要明显优于现行的FFT法、常规泰勒级数法以及积分-迭代法;当观测数据含有噪声时,本文方法和积分-迭代法计算结果精度相当。  相似文献   

北京交通网络拓扑结构及可达性格局历史变化研究     

王少华  钟耳顺  张小虎  郑怀海  张珣 《东北测绘》2014,(1):9-12

基于过去800年（1160～2000年）北京城市交通网络时间序列数据,研究了北京交通网络的发展变化。主要从交通网络的拓扑结构、可达性等角度分别对网络直径、平均最短路径长度、平均聚集指数、相对可达性等指标进行了定性定量分析。研究结果表明：第一,北京交通网络扩张呈“两段式”特点：前数百年只加密路网,近53年网络直径扩张了2．62倍;第二,从网络拓扑结构的角度分析,北京过去800年交通网络度分布结构呈现良好的一致性,交通网络中顶点与路段的比例保持不变,网络内部联系日趋紧密;第三,北京交通网络可达性格局趋于有序：从金元时期的不规则格局发展为明清时期的椭圆形格局,建国后呈圆盘形格局扩张,但可达性中心由天安门向西北方向偏移至阜成门处。通过搜集研究北京过去800年的交通网络数据,本文记录了北京交通网络演化的全过程,并揭示了其演化过程中蕴含的宏观规律。  相似文献   

深基坑变形监测数据时序分析法的建模与预报     

刘万松  杨松林  于晖 《北京测绘》2014,(1):1-3

基坑变形监测的各种数据一般是以时间间隔构成的随机序列,用时间序列分析的方法进行监测数据的建模与预报是有效处理监测数据的一种手段。本文以基坑监测中有代表性的监测数据-锚杆拉力监测为例,用时序分析的方法对监测数据处理、分析、建立适合的模型以及对数据进行预报等过程进行研究和探讨。  相似文献   

CCD卫星相机时间序列定标:以CBERS02B为例     

高海亮  顾行发  余涛  李小英  巩慧  李家国 《测绘学报》2011,40(2):180-187

采用沙漠场景法、稳定目标法和交叉定标法对CBERS02B星的CCD相机开展时间序列定标,分别得到CCD相机2007-2008年期间三种方法对应的定标系数,并同CBERS02B卫星官方提供的定标系数进行比对.结果表明,三种方法得到的定标系数其误差均小于10%,不同方法的结果具有较好的一致性.最后,分析总结各种时间序列定标...  相似文献   

基于数据残差的AR模型在高铁路基沉降预测中的应用     

何超  黄声享  陈启文  包永刚 《测绘工程》2011,20(5):53-56

传统的时间序列模型虽然可以通过差分形式来处理非平稳随机数据,但是当数据具有确定性效应的时候,对数据进行差分容易造成残差信息的浪费.通过对拟合后的残差建立AR模型,可以充分利用数据的趋势信息和残差信息,从而得到较好的预测效果.  相似文献