安哥拉深水水道地质知识库建立及应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张文彪  刘志强  陈志海  许华明  林煜  王静伟 《沉积学报》2015,33(1):142-152

利用浅层(上新统)三维高频地震资料的剖面、切片和属性信息,对安哥拉陆坡区深水水道特征和定量关系进行研究,在复合水道和单一水道两个层次上建立了安哥拉地区浊积水道定量化地质知识库.研究结果表明:研究区单一水道活动方式类似于曲流河点坝模式,即单一水道仅沿侧向(垂直于古流向)整体迁移,不存在整体“下游扫动”分量,且在平面上其侧积复合体呈“同心半环状”,单一水道的砂体以垂向加积方式充填在轴部,厚度向边部减薄;单一水道的宽度与深度、弯曲弧长与弯曲度之间存在较好的正相关性;复合水道样式按照内部单一水道的活动方式分为(Ⅰ)侧向迁移、(Ⅱ)斜列迁移和(Ⅲ)摆动迁移三类模式,且(Ⅰ)类主要发育在高弯曲段(弯曲度>1.3),Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类主要发育在低弯曲段(1<弯曲度≤1.3);该地质知识库成功应用到实际三维地质建模中,具有推广价值.本文研究不仅可以完善深水水道定量分布模式,而且可以有效降低此类油田开发风险,具有理论和实际意义.  相似文献   

强岩溶地区主过水通道注浆封堵技术探讨          下载免费PDF全文

王伏春  乐应  白江红  江照 《探矿工程》2015,42(1):76-79

矿山帷幕注浆技术由于其具有安全、环保、经济、高效等特性,已在国内多个矿山堵水中成功采用,取得了很好的堵水效果。而在强岩溶地区,动水注浆技术,尤其是矿区主过水通道封堵质量将直接影响帷幕的堵水效果,甚至决定着工程的成败。以广东凡口铅锌矿帷幕注浆工程为背景,探讨强岩溶地区主过水通道封堵技术。  相似文献   

三峡蓄水后洞庭湖水沙环境变化对湖区航道的影响          下载免费PDF全文

张明  冯小香  刘哲  李维娟 《水科学进展》2015,26(3):423-431

江湖关系变化是影响洞庭湖水文泥沙环境的重要因素,关系到湖区航运的安全。以实测水文及地形数据为基础,研究了洞庭湖区水沙环境的变化特征,并分析了其对湖区航道的影响。结果表明:① 三峡蓄水后,枯季湖区月均流量趋于减少,湖区淤积减缓甚至出现冲刷,枯水期湖口低水位有所上升,湖面比降趋于降低;② 受来沙减少影响,湖区航道有所冲刷,湖口低水位上升使得湖区通航保证率水位有一定幅度上升,航道水深增加,三峡蓄水初期江湖关系变化对湖区航道的影响总体为积极因素,对湖区湘江航道的影响要大于开湖航道。  相似文献   

Initiation and evolution of fault-controlled slope-parallel submarine channels: Miocene eastern slope of Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea     

Zhen Wang  Benzhong Xian  Jingyan Liu  Majid Khan  Caiwei Fan  Hui Li  Junhui Wang  Ximeng Zhang  Jianping Liu  Peng Chen  Qianran Wu  Wenmiao Zhang 《Basin Research》2023,35(2):592-619

Submarine channels act as the main conduits for the transport of sediment to deep-water basins by sediment gravity flows. The interplay between fault-related deformation and the initiation and development of the channels is poorly known. Here, we present the identification, formation and evolution of the Miocene slope-parallel channel by employing 3D seismic reflection, wireline-log and core data in the eastern slope of Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea. Based on the lengths and plan-view shapes, a total of three different types of fault-associated slope-parallel depressions have been identified. The depressions were formed in the fault zone and controlled by the reactivation of the underlying older faults. Among them, Type-1 depressions are short (<20 km) oval or circle shaped possessing only one depocenter. Type-2 depressions are elongated (25–70 km), and usually have multiple depocenters. Type-3 depressions, which are usually connected by slope-perpendicular channels in the head and middle, are longer (more than 190 km) and connect shallow and deep-water basins. The analysis of morphology, erosivity and material transport shows that Type-3 depressions are fully fledged channels. Type-1 and Type-2 depressions are channel precursors representing the initial stage of channel evolution. With this motive, a model for the initiation and evolution of slope-parallel submarine channels controlled by strike-slip-extensional faults is presented. Unlike the previous investigations which suggest that erosion takes place at the inception of submarine channel formation, the fault-controlled slope-parallel channel is mainly controlled by faulting and has no initial erosive base and does not develop levees. The depressions are extended and elongated by the continuous fault activity. It was not until the slope-parallel depression connected with large-scale slope-perpendicular channels transporting materials into the depression via erosive turbidity currents that it evolved into a channel-levee system. This study is of global importance for understanding submarine channel generation and evolution since the fault-controlled slope-parallel channels have been found in tectonic active basins worldwide.  相似文献   

小清河河口航道治理方案研究     

马杰 《海岸工程》2014,(2):45-51

小清河河口航道治理是当地港口发展的必要条件。通过分析小清河河口治理的理论与实践研究成果,研究了小清河河口航道治理的措施和主要方案。研究表明,小清河河口航道治理必须采用整治与疏浚相结合的办法;整治防沙堤宜采用双导堤;航道轴线采用北槽与南槽方案技术差别不大,应结合环保、海域使用等非航运条件综合确定轴线方案。  相似文献   

长江口南北槽分流口动力地貌过程研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢华亮  ;戴志军  ;李为华  ;林益帆  ;李九发 《台湾海峡》2014,(2):151-159

分汊口的地貌演化格局对于三角洲建造和下游河槽的稳定具有重要作用.作为长江河口的第三级分汊口（南、北槽分流口）,形成历史较短,但又经历了长江口最大的水利工程（北槽深水航道工程）的影响,故该分流口的变化是近年来长江河口研究的核心内容之一.本文基于近50 a的地形、流域入海水沙和南北槽落潮分水分沙比等数据,探讨了南北槽分流口的动力地貌变化过程.结果表明：（1）在1998年前,长江口南北槽分流口经历了由不稳定—相对稳定—动态平衡的阶段,其中分流口沙洲洲头出现下挫—上提—下挫、主泓线则经历分流口南侧—北侧—南侧的周期变化,河槽断面由U型发展为W型.（2）长江大洪水是导致分流口地貌格局出现变化的动力因素.在洪水发生的间歇期,分流口地貌则处于由不稳定向相对稳定发展的调整阶段.（3）1998年修建沙洲洲头潜堤工程后,沙洲洲头出现上提—下挫—上提的微弱变化,但总体上沙洲头向北偏移,这导致进入北槽的分水分沙比有所减小.（4）自2002年以来,沙洲洲头因分流口的淤积而缓慢上提,潜堤北侧北槽上段淤积加重,潜堤南侧尤其紧贴潜堤部位侵蚀加剧,南槽分水分沙增大,分流口落潮冲刷槽进一步向南槽发展.  相似文献   

清水沟、刁口河流路联合运用方案比选     

陈雄波  雷鸣  王鹏 《海洋工程》2014,32(4):117-123

按照"从上到下"的方法,分析刁口河再次启用的四种定位:备用流路、生态供水、同时行河和分洪通道的流路运用规模;设计了该流路与现状清水沟流路联合运用的6个方案。根据各方案分流口上下游的河道冲淤特性,对黄河下游的反馈,工程投资,生态环境,经济社会的影响等进行综合比选。最后推荐在2030年以后利津流量超过4 000 m3/s时将刁口河作为分洪通道、其余时间使用清水沟流路和工程投资方案。  相似文献   

基于局部维纳滤波的交通图像去雾霾算法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖杰  李同亮  翟东海 《成都信息工程学院学报》2014,(6):567-573

为了提高雾霾天退化交通图像的色彩保真度和清晰度,基于局部维纳滤波并结合暗通道先验理论提出一种快速去雾霾算法。传统的基于暗通道先验理论的去雾霾算法对单一户外场景图像取得了不错的效果,但在处理较高分辨率交通图像时,需要消耗大量的计算和存储资源;同时,不能很好处理图像中的一些白色区域,会导致该区域色彩失真。针对这两个问题展开研究:首先,基于局部维纳滤波并结合暗通道先验原则优化大气散射光,进而得到细化的透射率;其次,通过动态调节参数的大小以适应天空等明亮区域地去雾霾处理;最后,将所提算法用于实例验证,结果表明算法不但可以保证交通图像白色区域的色彩不失真,而且去雾霾效率提高4~25倍。  相似文献   

Analysis of kinematic parameters of Internal Solitary Waves in the Northern South China Sea     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

The monthly climatology of observed temperature and salinity from the U.S. Navy Generalized Digital Environment Model (GDEM-Version 3.0) is used to derive the geographical and seasonal distribution of kinematic parameters of nonlinear internal waves in the Northern South China Sea (NSCS). Coefficients of the Generalized Extended Korteweg-de Vries Equation (GEKdV) with a background current are investigated (phase speed, dispersion, quadratic and cubic nonlinearity parameters, normalizing factor). These parameters are used to evaluate the possible polarities, shapes of internal solitary waves, their limiting amplitudes and propagation speed. We show that the long wave phase speed and dispersion parameters mainly depend on topography characteristics and have no obvious seasonal variation. The nonlinear parameters and normalizing factor are sensitive to variations in the density stratification and topography. Background current also exerts the distinct effects on the kinematic parameters; especially the nonlinear parameter can change by an order of magnitude. The nonlinear parameters take on larger values in the summer (July), and linear internal waves are prone to become steeper and develop into large-amplitude internal solitary waves under such circumstances. This explains why nonlinear internal solitary waves occur more frequently in summer. From the kinematic viewpoint, the dispersion parameter takes on larger values in the Pacific Ocean (PO) due to deeper water depth when compared with that in the NSCS. The stronger dispersion effect in the PO hinders the formation of large amplitude internal solitary waves, explaining why nonlinear internal solitary waves are rarely found to the east of the Luzon Strait. Large near-bottom velocities dominate the shallow area and tend to increase in the warm season. The largest values are induced by internal solitary waves, indicating that internal waves are the major drivers of sediment re-suspension and erosion processes.  相似文献   

Types and Causes of Debris Flow Damage to Drainage Channels in the Wenchuan Earthquake Area   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

CHEN Jian-gang  CHEN Xiao-qing  WANG Tao  ZOU Yu-hua  ZHONG Wei 《山地科学学报》2014,(6):1406-1419

Debris flows are among the most common geological disasters in China,and have been particularly frequent in Sichuan Province since the Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008.The construction of debris flow drainage channels is a countermeasure used to distribute debris flow fans,and these channels play a critical role in the mitigation and prevention of damage resulting from debris flows.Under field conditions,the useful life of drainage channels can be greatly shortened as a result of strong abrasions to the drainage structure caused by the debris flow.Field investigations have shown that the types of damage to drainage channels include（a） erosion caused by hyper-concentrated silt flow,（b） impact fractures and foundation scour at the groundsills of the drainage channel,（c） destruction of the drainage channel outlet,and（d） destruction of the drainage channel caused by debris flow abrasion.In addition,based on the destruction of the drainage channel during the debris flow drainage process,a new type of drainage channel with energy dissipation components was proposed and applied in a steep,narrow gully for debris flow mitigation.Moreover,design and engineering repair recommendations for drainage channels are provided as a reference for repairing the damage to the channel.The results can provide an important reference for the effective repair and optimal design of drainage channels.  相似文献