Observations on the Burrows and Burrowing Behaviour of the Red Band-Fish, Cepola rubescens L.     

R. James A.  Atkinson Roger S. V.  Pullin 《Marine Ecology》1996,17(1-3):23-40

Abstract. The red band-fish, Cepola rubescens L., lives in burrows in sublittoral muddy sediments. The authors first presented information on the burrows of this species in the 1970s. The present paper presents new information on burrow structure, describes the method of excavation, and comments on the bioturbatory significance of the species. The work derives from field and laboratory studies. A burrow typically consists of a vertical shaft which opens into an expanded terminal chamber. In some cases a side shaft may be added. The paper includes a size analysis of 130 burrows measured in the field and detailed morphological information from a selection of burrows which were cast with polyester resin. The fish burrows are frequently intersected by the burrows of other species and interspecific associations may develop. Burrow size reflects the size of the occupant and may approach 1 m in depth. The biogenic movement of water and particles to this depth is often overlooked in bioturbation studies and is discussed. Burrow distribution is aggregate, which has implications for the bioturbatory impact of the species. Burrows are constructed by mouth excavation and this is described in detail. Fish transport fine material within their mouths and coarse material is grasped in the jaws. Large spoil heaps occur at burrow openings. One obvious effect of this bioturbatory activity at the field site was the redistribution of coarse material (shell gravel) from depth to the sediment surface.  相似文献   

榆林风沙滩区水资源可持续利用对策与建议   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁君健  赵耀东 《地下水》2004,26(1):58-59,62

本文在对榆林风沙滩区内水资源条件、开发利用现状及存在问题等调查研究资料进行深入分析的基础上,结合国民经济各业未来发展对水资源的需求情况,确定了未来不同水平年的需水量和供水量,并通过供需平衡分析,提出了解决水资源短缺的途径和实现水资源合理开发利用的建议.  相似文献   

Observations and simulations of an unsteady island wake in the Firth of Forth, Scotland     

S. P. Neill  A. J. Elliott 《Ocean Dynamics》2004,54(3-4):324-332

Beamer Rock, a 50-m-wide island in the Firth of Forth, produces a distinctive von Kármán vortex street wake, the characteristics of which depend on the speed and direction of the tidal flow. ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler), CTD (conductivity–temperature–depth) and aerial photograph data were collected from the region during flood and ebb tidal flow under neap and spring conditions. Good agreement was found between the observations and the results from a fixed-grid depth-averaged numerical tidal model. The island wake parameter correctly predicted the unsteady nature of the wake, and the Strouhal number (defined in terms of flow past a circular cylinder) was found to give excellent predictions of the wake wavelength when scaled on the island width. Contrary to published results, the study shows that it is possible to accurately simulate an unsteady island wake using a relatively coarse fixed-grid numerical model.Responsible Editor: Jens Kappenberg  相似文献   

榆林地区黄土窑洞崩塌灾害的多发性原因及其防治对策研究     

缪祥生  韩许恒 《地球科学与环境学报》1993,(3)

本文通过对榆林地区米脂、绥德、子洲、清涧、吴堡和榆林市黄土窑洞建窑环境进行考察,总结分析了在黄土介质中修建的土窑洞崩塌灾害多发性原因,并提出了可操作性的防治对策。该对策可广泛适用于我国黄土窑洞分布区。  相似文献   

2011年龙眼挂果率高的气象成因分析     

陈国保  李永平  姚志东 《气象研究与应用》2012,33(1):52-55

通过对2010/2011年度玉林市龙眼秋梢抽生期—开花着果期的农业气象条件进行诊断分析,找出了有利2011年挂果率高的主要气象条件,并根据龙眼的开花结果习性和玉林市的气候特点,提出了一些相应的对策,以最大限度地提高挂果率。  相似文献   

玉林冬季免耕马铃薯分期播种试验及优质高产气候分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈利东  陈国保 《气象研究与应用》2008,29(1):60-63,86

对玉林市主栽的马铃薯品种黑龙江K 3紫花,采用稻草免耕、地膜覆盖和常耕栽培三种栽培措施分五次播种进行试验,表明,稻草免耕技术不但对地面温度、土壤湿度有很好调节功能,而且与地膜覆盖和常耕栽培产量差异达极显著水平。以播期为11月30日的产量最高,播期为12月10日产量最低。  相似文献   

砖-土结构劣化及入侵建筑物拆除对榆林卫城稳定性影响     

朱才辉  崔晨  兰开江  东永强 《岩土力学》2019,(8):3153-3166

研究古城墙在环境和人为破坏因素下的稳定性对于古城墙保护和修复工程具有重要科学意义。以陕西榆林卫城为研究背景,对其保存现状进行大量调研,对砖墙砌体及夯土材料力学特性进行原位测试和室内试验,再基于数值方法来综合评判砖-土结构劣化及入侵建筑物在拆除过程中古城墙的整体稳定性和受力性态。结果表明:(1)城墙夯土受水分入渗后平均含水率w≥11.5%或顶部剥蚀长度L≥2.5m时,安全系数低于设计值[Fs]=1.3,而外墙砌体劣化对城墙整体稳定性影响不大,表明夯土的强度对城墙整体稳定性起着决定性作用;(2)拆除2层以上、入侵深度超过3.0m的民居或拆除1层的入侵深度超过2.5m的邻近建筑物时,城墙顶部夯土塑性区几乎贯通至城墙顶部;(3)拆除高2.0m宽超过4.0m的贯通城墙的门洞或层高4.0m宽超过2.5m的贯通城墙的民居时,建筑物顶部以上夯土塑性区贯通至城墙顶部,可能会出现坍塌危险,而拆除断面尺寸低于2.0m×2.0m的贯通城墙的建筑物时,对其城墙稳定性影响不大。  相似文献   

海南省三亚湾和榆林湾海水中叶绿素a浓度、总细菌和大肠杆菌的丰度与分布   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宁修仁  陈介中  刘子琳 《海洋学研究》1999,(4)

1996 年8 月在海南省三亚湾和榆林湾对海水中的叶绿素a 浓度、总细菌和大肠杆菌的丰度进行了检测。结果表明叶绿素a 浓度和总细菌丰度以三亚河口和榆林湾内港为最高, 离岸逐渐降低。三亚河口和榆林湾内港的叶绿素a 高浓度 (分别超过10 μg/dm 3 和5 μg/dm 3)、高的总细菌丰度(均达4×106个/cm 3) 和三亚河口高的大肠杆菌丰度(达11 000 个/dm 3) 表明其水体已呈现富营养化, 这主要是由生活污水通过三亚河对河口和内港的污染造成的。要保证三亚市旅游业的可持续发展, 应加强对三亚河、榆林内港及海滨区环境和水质的监控与管理  相似文献   

The effect of long-term aerial exposure on intertidal mudflat erodibility     

Hieu M. Nguyen  Karin R. Bryan  Conrad A. Pilditch 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(14):3623-3638

Intertidal zones by definition are exposed to air at low tide, and the exposure duration can be weeks (e.g. during neap tides) depending on water level and bed elevation. Here we investigated the effect of varying exposure duration (6 h to 10 days) on intertidal mudflat erosion (measured using the EROMES device), where the effects of water content and biofilm biomass (using chlorophyll-a content as a proxy, Chl-a μg g⁻¹) were taken into account. Sediments were collected between spring and summer (in October 2018, January 2019 and February 2019) from an intertidal site in the Firth of Thames, New Zealand. Longer exposure duration resulted in more stable sediments [higher erosion threshold (Ƭ_cr, N m⁻²) and lower erosion rate (ER, g m⁻² s⁻¹)]. After 10 days, exposure increased Ƭ_cr by 1.7 to 4.4 times and decreased ER by 11.6 to 21.5 times compared with 6 h of exposure. Chl-a and water content changed with exposure duration and were significantly correlated with changes in Ƭ_cr and ER. The stability of sediments after two re-submersion periods following exposure was also examined and showed that the stabilizing effect of exposure persisted even though water content had increased to non-exposure levels. Re-submersion was associated with an increase in Chl-a content, which likely counteracted the destabilizing influence of increased water content. A site-specific model, which included the interplay between evaporation and biofilm biomass, was developed to predict water content as a function of exposure duration. The modelled water content (W_Mod.) explained 98% of the observed variation in water content (W_Obs.). These results highlight how the exposure period can cause subtle changes to erosion regimes of sediments. An understanding of these effects (e.g. in sediment transport modelling) is critical to predicting the resilience of intertidal zones into the future, when sea-level rise is believed to exacerbate erosion in low-lying areas. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

水动力条件对沉积物-水界面氧通量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑阳华  邹浩东  何强  李宏  张青  陈德敏  艾海男 《湖泊科学》2018,30(6):1552-1559

氧环境决定了水体沉积物中各种生命所需元素的最终归趋,沉积物-水界面是水相与沉积物相氧传递的重要场所,而水动力条件是影响沉积物-水界面氧传递的重要因素.选择三峡库区一级支流御临河为研究对象,根据长年监测数据建立实验室模型,采用声学多普勒流速测试仪及微电极测试系统构建了非侵入式涡度相关测试系统,探究了不同水动力条件对沉积物-水界面氧通量的影响.结果表明：水体静止状态下沉积物-水界面溶解氧浓度随时间的增加而减少,非静止状态下随时间的增加而增加;沉积物-水界面氧通量随水体流速的增加而增加.根据氧通量求解对应流速下垂直涡动扩散系数并进行线性拟合,当水体流速为0.01~0.14 m/s时,垂直涡动扩散系数与水体流速的相关性最好,此时沉积物-水界面氧通量的传递以涡动扩散为主导.  相似文献