Two new species of Pseudostomella (Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida) with scaled triancres from the east coast of Australia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Rick Hochberg 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):571-579

Two new species of Pseudostomella from North Stradbroke Island, Australia, P. klauserae n. sp. and P. megapalpator n. sp., are characterised by scaled triancres, cuticular structures that until now were known only from one other member of the genus. The structure of the scaled triancres in both species is new: the triancre base is diamond‐ or triangular‐shaped with three shafts that arise to form feather‐like scales. P. klauserae n. sp. is characterised by scales arising from a diamond‐shaped triancre base, the distribution of cephalic papillae, and the abundance and distribution of anterior and lateral adhesive tubes. P. megapalpator n. sp. is distinguished by scales arising from a rounded‐triangular triancre base, large dorsal, digitiform papillae, and ventral adhesive tubes. The presence of two new species with scaled triancres allows for the formation of a novel species complex within the genus. An amended key to the species is included.  相似文献   

A budget for modern‐Holocene sediment on the South Otago continental shelf     

Lionel Carter 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):665-676

A sediment budget for the South Otago continental shelf and coast, between Nugget Point and Otago Peninsula, reveals modern (post 6500 y) sediment input is dominated by the Clutha River (total 3.14 Mt y^‐1; Mt = 10⁶ tonnes). Contributions from the Taieri River (0.6 Mt y^‐1), the adjacent Southland shelf (0.4 Mt y^‐1), and the biogenic production of calcareous shell debris (0.25 Mt y^‐1) account for only 28% of the input. About half of the bedload (sand and gravel) reaching the Otago shelf is stored within a large nearshore sand wedge in the protected waters of Molyneux Bay, off the Clutha River. Bedload that escapes storage (1.1 Mt y^‐1) is transported north‐eastwards to be deposited on beach and inner shelf environments just north of Otago Peninsula. Suspended load (mud) accounts for over half of the sediment input (2.33 Mt y^‐1) and is nearly all transported from the study area to accumulate in north‐easterly shelf and slope depocentres.  相似文献   

Reproductive periodicity in Evechinus chloroticus in the Hauraki Gulf     

M.M. Walker 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):19-25

Test diameter and gonad volume were recorded over 1 year for bimonthly samples of Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes) from each of 3 subtidal populations 10 km apart in the Hauraki Gulf. Histological analysis was used to relate cellular events during gametogenesis to the annual cycle of change in gonad size. Mean gonad sizes of the different sea urchin populations were compared by analysis of covariance. Gametogenesis began in the spring, and major spawning occurred in mid to late summer. The proportion of the gonads taken up by nutritive phagocyte cells increased from autumn to spring. During proliferation and growth of gametes the nutritive phagocytes declined in abundance and globulation, suggesting that reserves stored in these cells were transferred to developing gametes. Gonad size doubled during gametogenesis, declined after spawning, and remained low in autumn and winter. Differences in gonad size between populations were significant during most of the year, and were most pronounced in mid summer. Although synchronous gametogenesis occurred in the 3 populations studied, spawning occurred at different times. This suggested that spawning in this species was induced by factors acting either within sea urchin populations or over distances of a few km or less.  相似文献   

Tectono-metamorphic history of the ophiolitic Lento unit (northern Corsica): evidences for the complexity of accretion-exhumation processes in a fossil subduction system     

《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1-2):99-118

The Alpine Corsica (Corsica Island, France) is characterized by a stack of continent- and ocean-derived tectonic units, known as Schistes Lustrés complex. This complex is affected by deformation and metamorphic imprint achieved during Late Cretaceous – Early Tertiary subduction- related processes connected with the closure of the Ligure-Piemontese oceanic basin and subsequent continental collision. In the Schistes Lustrés complex, the Lento oceanic unit is characterized by four deformation phases, from D1 to D4 phase. The D1 phase, characterized by blueschist metamorphism, is regarded as related to coherent underplating in a subduction zone at a depth of about 25-30 km. The subsequent deformation phases can be referred to exhumation history, as suggested by the continuous decrease of metamorphic conditions. The transition from accretion to exhumation is represented by the D2 phase, achieved during the development of a duplex structure of accreted units. The D3 phase is in turn achieved by a further horizontal shortening, whereas the D4 phase is developed during an extensional event representing the final exhumation of the Lento unit.

On the whole, the data collected for the Lento unit suggest an history that include an accretion by coherent underplating followed by exhumation, more complex than previous described.  相似文献   

青藏高原拉萨地块北部新元古代中期蛇绿混杂岩带的厘定及其意义   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

张修政  董永胜  李才  解超明  杨韩涛  王明 《岩石学报》2013,29(2):698-722

青藏高原南部拉萨地块中分布的中高级变质岩一直被认为是前寒武纪变质基底,但并未获得可靠的年代学证据,对其岩石成因及构造属性也缺乏系统的研究工作,严重制约了对拉萨地块早期构造演化的进一步研究.本文以拉萨地块北部永珠地区念青唐古拉岩群中的正变质岩系及深熔作用成因的长英质脉体为研究对象,进行了系统的岩石学、地球化学及同位素年代学研究.地球化学研究结果表明,永珠地区念青唐古拉岩群中正变质岩系的原岩为一套E-MORB型蛇绿岩、剪切型大洋斜长花岗岩和岛弧岩浆岩组合,深熔脉体则具有典型埃达克岩的特征,暗示高压条件下镁铁质岩石部分熔融的成因;LA-ICP-MS定年结果进一步表明,洋壳的形成时代为758Ma,与Rodinia超大陆裂解时期相一致,可能是在这一期全球性裂解事件中新生的新元古代洋盆记录;在洋壳的运移和进一步的演化过程中形成了730Ma的剪切型大洋斜长花岗岩和742Ma的岛弧岩浆岩;变质锆石定年结果表明大洋可能最终在666Ma的碰撞造山作用中闭合,并在造山带垮塌初期或高压变质岩系折返过程中,由于减压熔融,形成一期660Ma深熔脉体.本文的研究证明了拉萨地块前寒武纪变质基底的存在,首次获得了精确的新元古代变质及深熔作用年龄,填补了拉萨地块早期构造演化的空白,为进一步探讨拉萨地块起源,恢复其在超大陆的汇聚及裂解事件中古地理位置提供了重要的资料.  相似文献   

Permian glaciated bedrock surfaces and associated sediments on Kangaroo Island,South Australia: Implications for local Gondwanan ice‐mass dynamics     

R. P. Bourman  N. F. Alley 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):523-531

Late Palaeozoic glaciated rock surfaces and associated sediments occur along the northeastern coast of Kangaroo Island. The erosional forms include glacially polished rock surfaces, striae, grooves, chatter marks, friction cracks, crescentic gouges, p‐forms, sichelwannen, miniature rock crag‐and‐tails and roches moutonnées. The distribution and orientation of these along with till fabrics indicate a general northwesterly ice flow in this part of the Troubridge Basin. The glacial erosional forms and the presence of thick lodgement till imply that the local basal ice was at pressure‐melting point during their formation. Temperate to subpolar glacial ice conditions, similar to those currently prevailing in glaciers in Spitsbergen, are inferred.  相似文献   

涠洲岛珊瑚礁的发育过程及其与气候的对应关系     

龙雅婷  余克服  王瑞  马一方  姜伟  范天来  张瑜  许慎栋 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2022,42(1):184-193

涠洲岛位于热带北缘,对珊瑚生长而言其纬度相对偏高,冬季低温是制约其珊瑚生长和珊瑚礁发育的关键因素.重建涠洲岛珊瑚礁发育的过程,对于了解珊瑚对过去气候的响应以及预测珊瑚礁的发育趋势等具有重要科学意义.以涠洲岛珊瑚礁钻孔(GS-3)为材料,利用高精度铀系测年技术测定珊瑚年龄,建立涠洲岛珊瑚礁发育的年代框架;通过粒度、生物组...  相似文献   

Rates of bacterial sulfate reduction and their response to experimental temperature changes in coastal sediments of Qi’ao Island, Zhujiang River Estuary in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WU Zijun  ZHOU Huaiyang  PENG Xiaotong  LI Jiangtao  CHEN Guangqian 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(8):10-17

Subtropical sediment cores(QA09-1 and QA12-9) from the coastal zone of Qi'ao Island in the Zhujiang River Estuary were used to determine the rates of sulfate reduction and their response to experimental temperature changes. The depth distribution of the sulfate reduction rates was measured from whole-core incubations with radioactive tracer 35SO42-, and peaks of 181.19 nmol/(cm3·d) and 107.49 nmol/(cm3·d) were exhibited at stations QA09-1 and QA12-9, respectively. The profiles of the pore water methane and sulfate concentrations demonstrated that anaerobic oxidation of methane occurred in the study area, which resulted in an increase in the sulfate reduction rate at the base of the sulfate-reducing zone. Meanwhile, the sulfate concentration was not a major limiting factor for controlling the rates of sulfate reduction. In addition, the incubation of the sediment slurries in a block with a temperature gradient showed that the optimum temperature for the sulfate reduction reaction was 36℃. The Arrhenius plot was linear from the lowest temperature to the optimum temperature, and the activation energy was at the lower end of the range of previously reported values. The results suggested that the ambient temperature regime of marine environments probably selected for the microbial population with the best-suited physiology for the respective environment.  相似文献   

A glaring omission in Australia’s marine conservation planning     

《Marine Policy》2014

The primary goal of Australia’s National Representative System of Marine Protected Areas (NRSMPA) is to establish a comprehensive, adequate and representative system of MPAs. This study identifies a glaring contradiction to this policy. The provinces of Christmas and Cocos Islands are among the most unique and threatened marine bioregions in Australia, yet receive no protection from the NRSMPA. The lack of protection appears to be due to difficulties with multiple governance arrangements and other political priorities. These issues have already caused biodiversity loss in the terrestrial environment of these bioregions. The Australian Government must include the Christmas and Cocos provinces in the NRSMPA otherwise it risks irreversible loss of marine biodiversity in these unique bioregions.  相似文献   

南海诸岛灰沙岛淡水透镜体研究述评   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵焕庭  王丽荣  宋朝景 《海洋通报》2014,33(6):601-610

南海诸岛部分珊瑚礁上发育有灰沙岛,这些灰沙岛的面积多较小,其中一些灰沙岛地下形成淡水透镜体。以西沙群岛永兴岛为例,介绍了已有的永兴岛地下淡水透镜体的研究成果,包括灰沙岛淡水透镜体的形成和发育,其与地质、地形、气候和植被等因素的关系,以及淡水透镜体开发利用等问题,并提出进一步研究和管理的建议。  相似文献