城市化对珠三角地区气温及日较差的可能影响   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

黄宏涛  吴荣军  王晓云  刘勇洪  房小怡  杜吴鹏  程宸 《气象》2016,42(7):847-856

利用珠三角地区27个国家基本、基准气象站近50年(1963—2012年)的实际观测资料,结合地理信息系统数据分析了珠三角地区平均气温,平均最高和最低气温的年、季节及日较差的变化趋势以及城市化影响。分析表明:近50年珠三角地区年平均气温、平均最高和最低气温均呈现增加的趋势,日较差除从化、增城、珠海和上川岛呈现弱的正趋势外,其余地区呈现下降趋势。城市化对广州、佛山、惠州年平均气温和平均最低气温的影响均为正值,对日较差的贡献率均为负值,日较差的减小是由城市化造成的,就季节变化而言,城市化影响以秋季最大。改革开放后(1979—2012年)平均气温、平均最高和最低气温强增温区域比近50年范围扩大、强度增加,年平均最高气温增温明显,日较差的正值区域比近50年范围扩大、强度增加,主要出现在珠三角北部一带,高值中心达到0.25℃·(10 a)~(-1)。就城市化而言,广州平均气温、平均最高和最低气温的城市化影响比近50年都有所降低,而佛山、惠州的平均气温、平均最低气温城市化影响均增大。  相似文献   

珠江三角洲径潮相互作用下潮能的传播和衰减   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

欧素英  田枫  郭晓娟  杨昊 《海洋学报》2016,38(12):1-10

因径流潮汐相互作用,三角洲各水道的能通量包含径流引起的净通量及潮汐引起的潮能通量。本文利用珠江三角洲多断面实测水位及流量的同步测量数据,建立基于径潮耦合的调和分析模型,剥离径流信号,计算出各站的总潮能及M₂、K₁及高频浅水分潮的潮能,对珠江三角洲潮能的沿程传播及衰减进行研究。结果表明,通过虎门进入珠江三角洲的潮波能量约占51.2%,而通过崖门、蕉门、磨刀门传入三角洲的潮能约占37%;同时,因地形摩擦、径流耗能效应,三角洲各水道的总能量损耗为148.33 MW。潮波能量按汇聚型和分散型两大类型沿三角洲不同位置传播并沿程衰减。虎门狮子洋及珠江正干、崖门至潭江石咀两大水道体系,其潮能沿程分散传入不同汊道,断面总潮能的衰减幅度大于单宽潮能通量的衰减,单宽潮动能沿程平均衰减速率大于潮势能,半日分潮的潮能衰减速率大于全日分潮。虎门狮子洋因其形态影响,M₂分潮振幅（或势能）的衰减最小,虎门至泗盛围段增加,平均每千米约增加0.77%。西四口门潮能汇聚于西海水道天河断面,总潮能的衰减速率小于磨刀门水道单宽潮能衰减速率。沿横门、洪奇门、蕉门进入的潮波多次交汇、分散,自横门至小榄、南华,南沙至海尾、荣奇,其单宽潮动能及M₂、K₁分潮动能的衰减速率小于潮势能,高频分潮势能沿程增加。  相似文献   

辽河三角洲LZK03孔全新世环境演变     

马宏伟  车继英  马诗敏  崔健  王长琪  代雅建 《地质通报》2016,35(10):1571-1577

根据辽河三角洲LZK03孔岩心的地层、孢粉、~(14)C测年及粒度分析结果,重建了该孔全新世以来的沉积环境演变历史,划分了4个时期:1湖沼期,地层埋深22.70~18.35m,晚更新世晚期约8000cal BP,起始时间早于全新世底界年龄,一直持续到全新世海侵到达该地区;2海侵期,18.35~13.55m,8000~3000cal BP,全新世海侵(辽东湾命名为盘山海侵)于8000cal BP到达该地区,湖沼发育结束,随着海侵向陆扩展,形成了海相潮坪沉积;3海退期,13.55~7.50m,约3000cal BP开始海退,河流携带的泥砂成为主要物源;4盐沼期,7.50~0m,500cal BP时海水已退至LZK03孔向海一侧,经常暴露于地表的氧化环境使盐沼沉积呈黄棕色,被高潮海水淹浸的时间减少。  相似文献   

基于珠江三角洲ZK13孔年代和微体古生物重建的晚第四纪环境演化历史     

赵信文  罗传秀  陈双喜  黄长生  曾敏  刘凤梅  陈雯 《地质通报》2016,35(10):1724-1733

依据珠江三角洲ZK13钻孔沉积物孢粉、微体古生物鉴定及年龄测试结果,将钻孔剖面记录的古环境信息划分为4个阶段。Ⅰ:91.50±11.00~84.61±5.47ka,孢粉组合为三缝孢-栎属-禾本科-栲属-松属-栗属-大戟科,反映温暖湿润气候,未见有孔虫及介形虫化石,沉积环境为陆相;Ⅱ:84.61±5.47~59.46±3.02ka,孢粉组合为栲属-三缝孢-栎属-禾本科-栗属-石竹科-单缝孢,反映干暖气候,未见有孔虫及介形虫化石,沉积环境为陆相;Ⅲ:59.46±3.02~2ka,孢粉浓度低,以孢子及木本植物花粉为主,进一步划分3个亚带,总体气候以温暖潮湿为主,微体古生物含量高,底栖有孔虫丰度远大于介形虫丰度,推测为海陆过渡相沉积环境;Ⅳ:2000~1000a,孢子含量最高,木本、草本植物花粉含量降低,气候较III阶段更湿润,微体古生物以介形虫为主,依据化石组合和数量,推测为海陆过渡相沉积环境。  相似文献   

Flow and sediment processes in a cutoff meander of the Danube Delta during episodic flooding     

Laura Jugaru Tiron  Jrme Le Coz  Mireille Provansal  Nicolae Panin  Guillaume Raccasi  Guillaume Dramais  Philippe Dussouillez 《Geomorphology》2009,106(3-4):186-197

This article analyzes the water and suspended solid fluxes through a straightened meander of the southern branch of the Danube Delta (the St. George branch) during episodic flooding. The Mahmudia study site corresponds to a vast natural meander which was cut off in 1984–1988 by an artificial canal opened to shipping. The meander correction accelerated fluxes through the artificial canal and dramatically enhanced deposition in the former meander. After his formation, the cutoff meander acted as sediment storage locations, essentially removing channel and point bar sediments from the active sediment budget of the main channel. Increases in slope and stream power in reaches upstream and downstream have also occurred, but to a lesser degree. During the one-hundred-year recurrent flood in April 2006, bathymetry, flow velocity and discharge data were acquired across several sections of both natural and artificial channels with an acoustic Doppler current profiler (aDcp Workhorse Sentinel 600 kHz, Teledyne RDI) in order to investigate the distribution of the flow and sediment and his impact on sedimentation in a channelized reach and its adjacent cutoff. The contrasting hydro-sedimentary processes at work in both channels and bifurcation/confluence nodal points are analyzed from the measured flux distribution, morphological profiles and velocity and concentration patterns. In the cutoff, a diminishing of the intensity of the flow velocity (c. 50%) and of the SSC was observed correlated with the aggradation of the river bed. In the bifurcation/confluence nodal points and in the artificial canal were observed the most intensive hydrodynamic activity (high flow velocity, SSC concentration, degradation of the river bad). Both the event-scale and long-term morphological trends of the alluvial system are discussed analyzing the boundary shear stress and SSC variability. Excess boundary shear stress in the sub-reaches directly affected by cutoffs resulted in scour that increased downstream bed material load. These high sediment loads play a key role in driving morphological adjustments towards equilibrium in the cutoff channel.The approach followed in this paper combines detailed episodic in-situ aDcp measurements and robust numerical 1D modeling in order to provide a practical comprehension of the relevant morphodynamical processes. The 1D model reproduces robustly the continuity of hydrodynamical variables along the streamwise axes of the two-channel network. The simulated are used in the paper for highlighting reach-scale morphological processes, at both event and long-term scales.  相似文献   

湖南省产业结构效益研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邓育武  杨健 《云南地理环境研究》2009,21(1):28-34

近年来,湖南省的经济发展迅速,但与发达省份相比还存在很大差距。运用比较劳动生产率、产业结构偏离度和偏离份额模型对比分析,并从1996年以来与广东、泛珠三角洲地区及全国相比,湖南省产业结构层次较低,结构效益较差,三次产业结构阻碍了经济快速发展。在此基础上,分析原因,并针对性地提出相关对策,为湖南省经济社会又好又快发展提供参考。  相似文献   

长三角区域旅游合作问题及对策探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张补宏  徐施 《地理与地理信息科学》2009,25(6)

分析长三角区域旅游合作现状,针对长三角区域旅游合作存在的缺乏整体旅游规划、区域内部发展不平衡、旅游合作缺乏利益补偿机制等问题,提出加强旅游各要素整合、充分发挥利益相关者的整合作用等对策,建议构建长三角区域旅游一体化各利益相关者参与的竞合模式,加大政府间区域合作的力度,发挥旅游中介组织在区域旅游合作中的协调作用,完善与创新长三角区域企业的市场、产品、管理等合作机制与合作模式.  相似文献   

珠三角城市旅游经济空间差异与协调发展战略研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

肖光明 《地理与地理信息科学》2009,25(6)

基于珠三角九城市1999-2008年主要旅游经济指标,分析了珠三角城市旅游经济空间差异的基本特征,包括国内旅游收入、海外旅游收入空间差异的总体变化,城市旅游经济发展水平与旅游产业地位的分异性,近年来核心城市与外围城市在旅游规模位序、旅游发展状态方面的变化特点;最后提出缩小珠三角城际旅游经济差异的协调发展战略,包括深化城际合作,调整旅游发展模式;构建三大旅游圈和八大旅游板块;加快边缘地区的旅游发展步伐;将核心城市的扩散效应与周边城市的自主发展相结合等.  相似文献   

Carbon isotopic composition and its implications on paleoclimate of the underground ancient forest ecosystem in Sihui,Guangdong     

Ping Ding  ChengDe Shen  Ning Wang  WeiXi Yi  KeXin Liu  XingFang Ding  DongPo Fu 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(5):638-646

We present the carbon isotopic composition of the total organic carbon (TOC) and fine roots in the sedimentary profile from the underground ancient forest in Sihui to study the climatic and environmental changes from 4.5 ka BP to 0.6 ka BP. Results show that C₃ plant was the main vegetation from 4.5 ka BP to 0.6 ka BP in this region. The ancient forest began to develop in the wetland at around 4 ka BP and disappeared together with the wetland at about 3.0 ka BP, implying that the climate had changed greatly at around 3.0 ka BP. As indicated by the simulation results, the content of atmospheric CO₂ increased slightly during 3.5 ka BP to 3.0 ka BP, implying climate warming during that period. The interval of radiocarbon age between 3.0 ka BP to 1.2 ka BP was possibly caused by the strong erosion when the block was lifted in the neotectonic movement. From 1.2 ka BP to 0.6 ka BP, the region remained in terrestrial sedimentary environment, and the surface plant biomass declined gradually. Drought caused by the climate change was the likely cause for the disappearance of the ancient forest. South transition of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was probably the main mechanism for the climate change. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40231015 and 40473002), National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2005CB422004), the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KSCX2-SW-133) and Open Funds of State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry (Grant No. OGL-200607)  相似文献   

Internal structure of the aeolian sand dunes of El Fangar spit, Ebro Delta (Tarragona, Spain)     

Inmaculada Rodríguez Santalla  María Jos Snchez García  Isabel Montoya Montes  David Gmez Ortiz  Tomas Martín Crespo  Jordi Serra Raventos 《Geomorphology》2009,104(3-4):238-252

This paper presents an analysis of the dune field dynamics of El Fangar Spit in the Ebro Delta (Spain), associating it with the internal structure of dunes carried out with ground-penetrating radar and supported by data from topographic DGPS. These analyses are of great importance to ascertain the state of the internal structure of dunes as an important element in their stability and, therefore in their evolution. The internal structure shows accretion and progradation sequences of dunes over beach deposits, which depend on dune morphology (height, crest orientation) and location, as well as the processes acting on them.  相似文献