传统瞬变电磁法的改进及其在隧道超前地质预报中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

伍小刚  李天斌  张中  薛德敏 《水文地质工程地质》2021,48(1):163-170

为保证施工人员和设备的安全,在隧道开挖过程中需要掌握掌子面前方含水不良地质体的发育情况。较为常用的探测含水不良地质体的物探方法为传统瞬变电磁法。由于以往没有重视探测装置与地质体间的耦合关系,传统瞬变电磁法沿单一测线进行数据采集的方式只能从单一角度发射磁场从而获得单一角度的探测结果,因此一直存在预报不准、漏报等问题。为了克服上述问题,提高预报的准确性,文章对传统瞬变电磁法进行了改进。基于探测装置与地质体间的良-强耦合关系,提出了一种能从水平和竖直方向进行多角度探测的共轴偶极法,通过转动探测装置从多个角度发射磁场,使单一角度无法探测的地质体也能与磁场达到良-强耦合效果,从而降低预报不准、漏报的可能性。共轴偶极法具有多个角度的探测结果,多个结果相互印证,具有比传统方法更高的准确性。在九绵高速公路天池隧道里程为YK223+135—YK223+035段内进行传统方法和共轴偶极法预报,开挖验证表明共轴偶极法对含水节理裂隙和岩溶裂隙等含水不良地质体的预报准确性比传统方法高,可为类似隧道超前地质预报工作提供一定参考。  相似文献   

基于合成孔径雷达的长江口海表流场反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Lihu  ZHOU Yunxuan  GE Jianzhong  JOHANNESSEN Johnny A.  SHEN Fang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(11):141-149

Range Doppler velocities derived from the Envisat advanced synthetic aperture radar（ASAR） wide swath images are analyzed and assessed against the numerically simulated surface current fields derived from the finite volume coastal ocean model（FVCOM） for the Changjiang Estuary. Comparisons with the FVCOM simulations show that the European Space Agency（ESA） Envisat ASAR based Doppler shift anomaly retrievals have the capability to capture quantitative information of the surface currents in the Changjiang Estuary. The uncertainty analysis of the ASAR range Doppler velocity estimates are discussed with regard to the azimuthal and range bias corrections, radar incidence angles, inaccuracy in the wind field corrections and the presence of rain cells.The corrected range Doppler velocities for the Changjiang Estuary area are highly valuable as they exhibit quantitative expressions related to the multiscale upper layer dynamics and surface current variability around the East China Sea, including the Changjiang Estuary.  相似文献   

Esophageal cancer spatial and correlation analyses: Water pollution,mortality rates,andsafe buffer distances in China简     

ZHANG Xueyan  ZHUANG Dafang  MA Xin  JIANG Dong 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(1):46-58

Esophageal cancer exhibits one of the highest incidence and mortality rates in China. Malignant tumors caused by esophageal cancer, and the relationship to environmental factors has been the focus of many public health studies. This study applied spatial analysis to ascertain the relationship between water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality rates nationwide. We employed two datasets, including a national investigation of esophageal cancer rates and distribution, and national water quality grades in China＇s primary rivers and lakes. Esophageal cancer data were grouped based on different water quality grades, which included a scaled buffer distance from rivers and lakes. Non-parametric correlation analyses were performed to examine the presence or absence of the following correlations： （i） eso- phageal cancer mortality and buffer distance from rivers and lakes; and （ii） esophageal can- cer mortality and water quality grade values. The present study revealed a significant positive correlation between widespread water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality nationwide; and a significant negative correlation between esophageal cancer mortality, and buffer dis- tance from rivers and lakes.  相似文献   

中国食管癌死亡率与水污染的空间相关分析（英文）     

张雪艳  庄大方  马欣  江东 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,(1)

Esophageal cancer exhibits one of the highest incidence and mortality rates in China.Malignant tumors caused by esophageal cancer,and the relationship to environmental factors has been the focus of many public health studies.This study applied spatial analysis to ascertain the relationship between water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality rates nationwide.We employed two datasets,including a national investigation of esophageal cancer rates and distribution,and national water quality grades in China's primary rivers and lakes.Esophageal cancer data were grouped based on different water quality grades,which included a scaled buffer distance from rivers and lakes.Non-parametric correlation analyses were performed to examine the presence or absence of the following correlations:(i) esophageal cancer mortality and buffer distance from rivers and lakes;and(ii) esophageal cancer mortality and water quality grade values.The present study revealed a significant positive correlation between widespread water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality nationwide;and a significant negative correlation between esophageal cancer mortality,and buffer distance from rivers and lakes.  相似文献   

“U”形电极阵列超前探测方法的数值模拟与实验     

刘英  刘树才  刘鑫明  易洪春 《物探与化探》2012,(2):298-301,306

提出一种新型的直流超前探测装置,即＂U＂形电极阵列超前探测装置,目的是提高直流超前探测的准确度,更好地消除或减弱非前方异常的影响。利用该装置在计算机上进行了数值模拟,并与传统的三点三极超前探测的效果进行了对比,之后又在实验室水槽中对该装置进行了物理实验。通过模拟结果以及一系列实验数据得知,该装置对探测前方的异常地质体有一定的效果。  相似文献   

21世纪初10年火山与地球内部化学研究进展     

樊祺诚  张招崇 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2012,31(3):195-204,209

进入21世纪,我国除了在长白山天池火山、五大连池火山和腾冲火山三个主要活动火山区进行监测与研究,还开展了中国其他第四纪火山区的活动火山调查工作,发现并确定了一些新的活动火山,如镜泊湖、大兴安岭、乌兰哈达等第四纪火山区中存在的全新世火山.自峨眉山大火成岩省被确定以来,我国近10年在大火成岩省研究方面取得了重要进展,并新确定了一些新的大火成岩省,如塔里木大火成岩省和措美大火成岩省,逐渐为国际地学界所接受.  相似文献   

影响隧道超前预报探测距离的因素探讨     

宁刚 《物探化探计算技术》2014,(2):228-234

这里通过生产试验数据,分析了震源能量的大小、地质情况差异、以及声波噪音是如何影响地震波信号质量从而影响探测距离的。通过生产实践总结,提出了较有效地提高探测距离的办法。首先可通过生产试验确定炸药用量,使激发能量既不对支护造成伤害,又能达到较远的探测距离;地质情况通过影响采集数据长度影响探测距离,该因素是客观因素无法控制的;声波噪音是最难控制也是对探测距离影响较大的因素,可以根据声波能量和叠加到有效信号的时间,计算出不受声波干扰的预报距离,为评价预报结果提供参考依据。减小声波的影响可通过增加偏移距和压制声波能量的方法,压制声波能量可通过控制炮孔深度和倾角,炮孔的封堵,接收器的合理安装来实现。在实践中控制好声波噪音的影响,是提高探测距离的较为有效的途径。  相似文献   

探地雷达在公路隧道超前地质预报中的应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

范占锋  李天斌  孟陆波 《物探与化探》2010,34(1):119-122

 探地雷达作为公路隧道超前地质预报的手段之一,对预报掌子面前方岩体的微细结构能起到很重要的作用,同时可以作为隧道勘察结果的进 一步认识和补充。以新扎沟隧道为例,利用SIR 20探地雷达并结合工程地质方法,对节理破碎带和地下水成功地做出了预测。对这几种不良地质体 雷达反射波的频谱特征做了简要研究,为以后探地雷达探测数据的解译积累了经验。  相似文献