机载激光雷达森林叶面积指数反演研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

骆社周  王成  张贵宾  习晓环  李贵才 《地球物理学报》2013,56(5):1467-1475

叶面积指数(LAI)是分析冠层结构最常用的参数之一,它控制着植被的生物物理过程,如光合、呼吸、蒸腾、碳循环和降水截获等,因此快速、可靠和客观地评价LAI非常重要.本文发展了激光穿透指数(LPI)的简化计算方法,首次利用校正后的回波强度计算出LPI,以LPI为变量基于Beer-Lambert定律实现了甘肃大野口研究区森林LAI反演,并且与原始回波强度和回波数反演LAI的精度进行对比,结果发现通过距离和角度校正后的回波强度值能提高LAI反演精度.为了评价模型的可靠性和泛化性能,用留一法交叉验证程序(LOOCV)对最佳反演模型进行了验证,表明该模型没有过度拟合,具有很好的泛化能力.最后,用没有参加建模的16个实测LAI对预测值进行精度验证(R²=0.810,RMSE=0.198),发现校正后的回波强度反演山区森林LAI精度较高.本文还对激光雷达LAI反演结果与传统光学TM影像的反演结果进行了对比分析,结果表明机载激光雷达反演LAI精度(R²=0.825,RMSE=0.165)高于光学TM遥感数据(R²=0.605,RMSE=0.257),因此,可用激光雷达数据实现研究区的高精度LAI反演,为生态环境研究提供可靠的基础数据.  相似文献   

机载LiDAR数据的多回波信息分析及滤波方案     

林祥国  张继贤  贾毅 《测绘科学》2013,38(3)

本文通过分析机载LiDAR系统获取的激光数据的多回波特性,阐述了多回波信息对地物类型信息的揭示作用,并将多回波特性用于减少参与滤波的激光脚点数量。实验证明,本文提出的滤波方案,可以预先剔除掉大部分的植被激光脚点和部分的建筑物激光脚点,这既减少了参与滤波的数据量,又可以改善滤波算法对建筑物和植被的滤除效果。  相似文献   

车载移动激光扫描技术大比例尺测图技术分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨伯钢  韩友美 《测绘科学》2013,38(1):106-108,15

由于精度问题,车载移动激光扫描技术用于区域大比例尺地形图测绘尚处于探索阶段。本文重点研究了提高该项技术用于大比例尺测图的外业精度质量控制方法和技术实现方法,得到了一套完善的精度控制方案和技术实现方案。最后以北京平谷一段浅山区1∶500地形图测绘任务为例,证明本文的研究突破了新技术在局部区域大比例尺地形图中应用的局限,降低了外业劳动强度,加快了测图速度,为车载LiDAR技术的进一步推广和使用提供参照。  相似文献   

基于ICESatGLAS的云南省森林地上生物量反演     

黄克标  庞勇  舒清态  付甜 《遥感学报》2013,17(1):165-179

结合机载、星载激光雷达对GLAS(地球科学激光测高系统)光斑范围内的森林地上生物量进行估测,并利用MODIS植被产品以及MERIS土地覆盖产品进行了云南省森林地上生物量的连续制图。机载LiDAR扫描的260个训练样本用于构建星载GLAS的森林地上生物量估测模型,模型的决定系数(R2)为0.52,均方根误差(RMSE)为31Mg/ha。研究结果显示,云南省总森林地上生物量为12.72亿t,平均森林地上生物量为94Mg/ha。估测的森林地上生物量空间分布情况与实际情况相符,森林地上生物量总量与基于森林资源清查数据的估测结果相符,表明了利用机载LiDAR与星载ICESatGLAS结合进行大区域森林地上生物量估测的可靠性。  相似文献   

美国NASA冰桥(IceBridge)科学计划:进展与展望     

冯准准  程晓  康婧  惠凤鸣  刘岩  程铖  王芳  王显威  赵晨  赵硕  陈廷彪 《遥感学报》2013,17(2):399-422

美国NASA于2009年启动的IceBridge“冰桥”科学计划利用航空平台搭载的多源遥感传感器已在极区获取了连续的、高质量的观测资料。本文从多源航空遥感传感器及其采集数据的角度, 对冰桥(IceBridge)科学计划做了详细介绍。其航空平台搭载的遥感传感器大致可以分为数字相机、激光雷达、雷达、重力以及辅助设备5类。本文又从冰雪3维立体制图、冰盖高程变化监测与物质平衡估算、海冰厚度与分布时空变化探测、卫星遥感校正与验证等4个方面对冰桥极地多源航空遥感数据的应用研究做了展望。冰桥科学计划将会大大促进人类对于气候变暖背景下两极所发生变化的理解。  相似文献   

Calculation and spectra analysis of horizontal acceleration correction (HACC) for airborne gravimetry     

Shi Pan  Sun Zhongmiao  Xiao Yun 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(3):204-209

On the basis of a sinusoidal model of the disturbed horizontal acceleration, the spectrum characteristics of misaligned angle and horizontal acceleration correction are analyzed. In an airborne gravimetry test, the misaligned angle of platform and horizontal acceleration correction are calculated. They are 5′ and 3 mGal, respectively, when the flight is stable.  相似文献   

Mapping fuels at the wildland-urban interface using colour ortho-images and LiDAR data     

Melissa F. Rosa  Douglas A. Stow 《国际地球制图》2013,28(5):570-588

Fuel type mapping of the wildland-urban interface (WUI) in support of fire spread simulation modelling should include both natural and urban features. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of (1) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) structural data, (2) ortho-image data and (3) a combination of both as input to an object-based classification approach for mapping fuels within two WUI areas in San Diego, California. A separability analysis was utilized to determine the surface topographical and spectral layers most influential for discriminating WUI fuels. An accuracy assessment revealed that the combination of LiDAR and ortho-image data inputs substantially increased classification accuracy by 20–30% and achieved overall accuracies?>?80%. Results from the study provide knowledge on how reliable fuel types within the WUI can be mapped using high-resolution LiDAR and ortho-image data while presenting new insights into fuel type mapping.  相似文献   

A study-based ranking of LiDAR data visualization schemes aided by georectified aerial images     

Suddhasheel Ghosh  Bharat Lohani  Neeraj Misra 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):138-150

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) collects dense 3D topographic information in the form of points. LiDAR data can be displayed either through direct rendering of the point cloud or by generalizing features extracted through classification or segmentation. We are working in the domain of visualizing LiDAR data sets and have developed certain pipelines for visualization. These pipelines have been presented elsewhere. We present a technique for the evaluation of visualization schemes for LiDAR data, by conducting a visualization experience survey for 13 pre-processing and visualization schemes where 60 participants rated these schemes on a 10 point scale on a questionnaire. The paper establishes a ranking for the different visualization schemes described herein. Finally, this paper establishes that our heuristic-based algorithm (presented elsewhere) performs almost equal to a classification-based visualization pipeline made using professional software. We believe that the presented technique can be used to assess other geospatial visualization schemes.  相似文献   

中心回线式直升机TEM资料的电导率-深度成像方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毛立峰 《CT理论与应用研究》2013,(3):429-437

以理论上的中心回线式直升机航空瞬变电磁系统为例,提出一种快速的电导率-深度成像方法,将感生电动势瞬变响应数据变换为地下介质电导率-深度断面。该方法针对成像计算中视电导率非唯一性问题和成像深度难以确定的困难,首先给出一个关于均匀半空间模型电导率?的数据函数?(?)的变换公式,由此建立数据表???来查询视电导率值,可以得到可靠的视电导率值。其次用均匀半空间中的感应电场最大幅值对应深度值来定义视深度,建立视电导率-视深度的数据表,并在2个相邻时间道期间的最大电场深度变化的基础上定义成像深度,从而导出CDI结果。该方法的特点是理论简单、物理意义明确,且利用了数据表查询技术大大提高了计算速度,使得实时CDI处理成为可能。最后用理论模型进行试算,结果表明,电导率值的查询范围宽至10-4～102S/m时,高阻薄层、低阻薄层及二维目标体模型均有较好的成像效果。  相似文献   

Deriving ground surface digital elevation models from LiDAR data with geostatistics     

Christopher D. Lloyd  Peter M. Atkinson 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):535-563

This paper focuses on two common problems encountered when using Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data to derive digital elevation models (DEMs). Firstly, LiDAR measurements are obtained in an irregular configuration and on a point, rather than a pixel, basis. There is usually a need to interpolate from these point data to a regular grid so it is necessary to identify the approaches that make best use of the sample data to derive the most accurate DEM possible. Secondly, raw LiDAR data contain information on above‐surface features such as vegetation and buildings. It is often the desire to (digitally) remove these features and predict the surface elevations beneath them, thereby obtaining a DEM that does not contain any above‐surface features. This paper explores the use of geostatistical approaches for prediction in this situation. The approaches used are inverse distance weighting (IDW), ordinary kriging (OK) and kriging with a trend model (KT). It is concluded that, for the case studies presented, OK offers greater accuracy of prediction than IDW while KT demonstrates benefits over OK. The absolute differences are not large, but to make the most of the high quality LiDAR data KT seems the most appropriate technique in this case.  相似文献