氢化物发生-双道原子荧光光谱法测定化探样品中砷锑铋   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

魏建录  宋海涛  王海潮  周红霞 《岩矿测试》2010,29(4):451-454

介绍了氢化物发生-双道原子荧光光谱法测定地质化探样品中砷、锑、铋的分析方法。通过一系列方法实验及讨论,确立了较合理的测试条件,准确度及检出限大大改进;通过加入硫脲、抗坏血酸固体粉末,一定程度上减小了稀释倍数,提高了灵敏度;通过实验,砷、锑、铋的负高压/灯电流分别选取280 V/40 mA、280 V/60 mA、280 V/60 mA。方法操作快速、高效、准确,并大大降低了分析成本。  相似文献   

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定植物样品中汞硒砷   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3  

赵斌  陈志兵  董丽 《岩矿测试》2010,29(3):319-321

植物样品经硝酸-高氯酸一次湿法消解后,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定汞、硒、砷。测定时加入消泡剂磷酸三丁酯,可有效消除泡沫,降低记忆效应,提高精密度。方法精密度(RSD,n=12)为汞2.96%,硒0.96%,砷2.49%。经加标回收试验和国家一级标准物质验证,测定结果与标准值吻合。  相似文献   

辽东湾北部浅海区底泥砷元素形态特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

刘明华 《地质与资源》2010,19(1):32-35,41

依据2006年辽东湾浅海评价资料,分析了辽东湾北部浅海底泥的砷元素全量和各形态的含量,对砷元素全量和存在形态的分布特征及相关性进行了系统研究,并探讨了其环境生态效应.结果表明:底泥中的砷含量为较高水平,存在形态主要为残渣态、腐植酸结合态和铁锰氧化态,而水溶态、碳酸盐结合态、离子交换态和强有机结合态含量较少.除砷的强有机结合态以外,全量和其他6种形态有很好的相关性,分布特征一致,高值区都分布在锦州湾及附近.并且生态效应明显,底泥中砷的腐殖酸结合态、铁锰氧化态、离子交换态与脉红螺中砷有显著相关性,碳酸盐结合态与锯缘青蟹和口虾蛄中砷有一定的相关性.  相似文献   

砷的水地球化学及其环境效应   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

肖唐付  洪冰  杨中华  杨帆 《地质科技情报》2001,20(1):71-76

砷在水环境中的迁移和富集可以产生严重的砷污染，砷在自然水系中主要以无机砷酸盐（AsO4^3-）和亚砷酸盐（AsO3^3-）两种形式存在，而砷的有机化合物的含量一般都很低，砷酸盐在富氧化性的水体中占优势，而亚砷酸盐则富集于还原性水体中，水体中As3 和As5 的相对含量主要受氧化还原条件和一些吸附一解吸平衡过程控制，As3 类比As5 类的毒性强得多，而无机砷化合物比有机砷化合物的毒性大，在pH值为5－6时，As^5 不易被还原成气态AsH3，而s^3 却能定量地被还原出来，根据这一性质，可完成水体中As3 和As5 的测定，砷在饮用水中的安全阀值仅为10ug/L，水体中高砷的危害可以通过水质净化予在消除或降低，铁的化学沉淀和吸附法，石灰软化法，活性氧化铝净化法和逆流渗透法等都可以有效地去除或降低饮用水中砷的含量。  相似文献   

Prediction of Arsenic in Bedrock Derived Stream Sediments at a Gold Mine Site Under Conditions of Sparse Data   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Navin K. C. Twarakavi  Debasmita Misra  Sukumar Bandopadhyay 《Natural Resources Research》2006,15(1):15-26

Arsenic is often present in gold mining areas. The high sensitivity of arsenic to biogeochemical conditions may lead to catastrophic consequences through contamination of resources such as ground water. Therefore, it is critical to understand the spatial occurrence of arsenic across a given site. Previous studies using traditional pattern recognition techniques such as neural networks and kriging have not been entirely successful in predicting arsenic concentrations across a gold mining area. The methods used in this paper are the support vector machines (SVM) and robust least-square support vector machines (robust LS-SVM). The two techniques were used to predict arsenic concentrations in the sediments of Circle City, Alaska, using the gold concentration distribution present within the sediments. The analysis of the results shows an improved performance and better predictive capabilities of SVM and robust LS-SVM than that of the neural networks and kriging techniques. The robust LS-SVM performed better than the SVM. The performance of the SVM was affected by outliers. The removal of the outliers from the data set and application of SVM showed improved results.  相似文献   

Arsenic mobility from arsenopyrite-rich gold mine waste in Snow Lake, Manitoba, Canada     

Barbara L. Sherriff Kristin A. Salzsauler Stephanie Simpson Nikolay V. Sidenko Jamie VanGulck 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):29-30

Local water contamination by arsenic can be caused by gold mining activities as in Snow Lake, Manitoba. This project was to f＇md the source （s） and pathways of the arsenic contamination and describe arsenic attenuation in ground and surface water. The project was initiated because arsenic concentrations average 16.0 mg/L in one groundwater monitoring well （MW17）. One potential source of arsenic is the 50 year-old Arsenopyrite Residue Stockpile （ARS）, 100 m upgrade of MW17. Between 1948 and 1959, 250000 tons of cyanide treated, arsenopyrite concentrate were stored in a waste rock impoundment, which was left open until 2000 when it was capped with layers of waste rock, clay and silt to minimize water infiltration and the oxidative release of arsenic.  相似文献   

Heavy metal and arsenic distributions in soils surrounding Palapye, Botswana： An evaluation of environmental impact of coal mining and combustion in a sub-arid region     

Mingzhe ZHAI Otlogetswe Totolo Motsoptse P. Modisi Robert B. Finkelman Mingzhe ZHAI 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):53-54

Coal is an important natural resource in Botswana. The best coals so far found occur in the Morupule coalfield, west of Palapye, where nearly 8000 million tons have been identified （Carney et al., 1994）. In this study we investigate the environmental impact of the mining and consumption of the high-ash, medium-calorific value bituminous coal in the eastern part of Botswana, which may serve as a reference for other coal mines and coal-based power stations around the globe. More than two hundred surface soil samples and three profile soil samples were collected around Morupule Colliery, Morupule Power Station and Palapye.  相似文献   

A geochemical study of redox behavior of As in a contaminated aquifer from Sonargaon, Central Bangladesh     

Takaaki Itai Harue Masuda Yoshio Takahashi Muneki Mitamura Minoru Kusakabe 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):99-100

The Bengal Basin has been exposed to the most serious As problem in the world. Although it has been agreed well among many researchers that the contamination has been induced by natural geochemical process, detailed mechanisms are still under debate. Arsenic is easily soluble into groundwater as pentavalent arsenate and trivalent arsenite. Their adsorption behavior for various solid phases, particularly for Fe oxyhydroxide （FeOOH）, is different. Thus speciation of As in solid phase is essential to examine the process of contamination. However, few studies have been done about As speciation in sediment due to its analytical difficulty. In this study, we applied XANES （X-ray adsorption near the edge structure） spectroscopy to determine oxidation states of As and Fe, and investigate As behavior along change in redox condition. We studied the Sonargaon area located 25 km southeast of Dhaka. Sediment core samples were collected from one site in the area up to the depth of 100 m using penetration-drilling method. The samples were packed into oxygen impermeable film with deoxidizer on site,  相似文献   

Environmental geochemistry of arsenic in sediment-water interface of Poyang Lake, China     

Mengxia LIAO Tianlong DENG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):142-143

Environmental pollution is one of the vertical problems faced in the 21 century. There are numbers of lakes located in China. Poyang Lake, which is the largest freshwater lake in China, is the famous representation. The environmental geochemistry of trace and ultra-trace element As in the sediment-water interface （SWI） of Poyang Lake was investigated in detail. Solutions presented in the project can be summarized as follows： it is the first time to discover that the ：nasking agent of 8-hydroxyquinoline was found to be an efficient agent to eliminate the interference of transition metals in the determination of arsenic species, especially to eliminate As （Ⅴ） emission with high selection in the matrix of As （Ⅲ） and As （Ⅴ） coexisting solution. A sensitive and interference-free procedure has been successfully established for the arsenic speciation on As （Ⅲ）, As （Ⅴ）, Asorg in pore water samples using flowing injection hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry （FI-HG-AFS）. It was observed that the concentrations of arsenic species in porewaters were relatively high. With the variation of the redox in sediments, it is easy to cause the second pollution in overlying waters for their upward diffusion. Arsenic is mainly absorbed onto iron and manganese oxyhydroxides in controlling the behavior of As. The effect factors of the transfer, cycle of arsenic are the redox condition at SWI, disturbance, and microbial action, etc.  相似文献   

吉林省西部地方性氟、砷中毒现状及治理     

王静  沈玉萍  赵洪满  苏艳伟 《吉林地质》2006,25(1):62-65

吉林省西部是地方病高发地区,尤其是地方性氟、砷中毒的情况比较严重,尽管防氟改水工作已经进行40多年,但目前仍有相当多村屯的村民饮用高氟水,严重威胁人民的身体健康并影响当地的经济发展。针对现状作者分析了产生的原因并提出具体治理建议。  相似文献