Drainage conditions around monopiles in sand     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Large diameter monopiles are typical foundation solutions for offshore wind turbines. In design of the monopile foundations in sand, it is necessary to understand the drainage conditions of the foundation soil under the design loading conditions as the soil performance (strength and stiffness) is highly dependent on the drainage conditions. This paper presents a numerical investigation into this issue, with a purpose to develop a simple design criterion for assessing the soil drainage conditions around a monopile in sand. It is found that for typical monopile foundations in sand, the drainage condition during a single load cycle is generally expected to be undrained. However, the current state-of-practice uses p-y springs derived for drained soil responses for monopile design. The impact of this discrepancy on monopile foundation design was evaluated and found to be insignificant due to the relatively low level of loading as compared to the capacity of the soil.  相似文献   

Experimental study on wide-shallow composite bucket foundation for offshore wind turbine under cyclic loading     

Xuyue Wang  Hongyan Ding  Yonggang Liu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2019,37(1):1-13

As an appropriate type of foundation for offshore wind turbines (OWTs), wide-shallow composite bucket foundation (WSCBF) is cost-competitive, and it has a unique and special substructure that comprises seven internal rooms arranged in a honeycomb-like structure. In this study, the cyclic behavior of WSCBF for OWTs embedded in saturated clay was investigated using a large-scale model subjected to lateral cyclic loading. The responses of foundation under constant- and various-amplitude cyclic loadings were recorded in terms of displacements, rotations, and bending moments. The variations in stiffness and damping were obtained, and a collaborative bearing mechanical model between the bucket and soil was considered, which was beneficial for improving the stiffness of the whole structure. Accumulative deformation was found to have little effect on the bearing capacity of the foundation. Dynamic analysis in frequency domain was further performed on both moment and rotation data, and the complex, frequency-dependent impedance was also studied.  相似文献   

River centerline extraction using the multiple direction integration algorithm for mixed and pure water pixels     

Quanwen Li  Xiaoxia Zhao  Yuming Wu 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(2):256-281

The river centerline is a basic hydrological characteristic. Most prior studies have used remote sensing data to extract the river centerline from the open water region in a pure water pixel region. Extracting this type of river is relatively easy. However, extracting the centerline of a micro-river, which is mainly composed of mixed water pixels, is challenging. This paper presents a novel method, called the Multiple Direction Integration Algorithm (MDIA), to extract the river centerline using an image-enhancing method combined with river morphology. MDIA can be applied to regions mainly composed of pure water pixels, as well as to regions consisting of mixed water pixels in the index image. The method first calculates the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhances the river linear structure using a Hessian matrix. Second, a small window is constructed as a circular structural element. In the window region, the local threshold is automatically obtained using water-oriented clustering segmentation and prior river knowledge to judge the pixel type. After completing the river centerline extraction in the current window, the next detecting window is generated to continue judgment. The structural element automatically executes river centerline judgment until the entire river centerline is extracted. The Landsat 8 images of six regions with different geomorphologies were chosen to analyze the method’s performance. The test sites include high mountain region, low mountain region, plains region with farmland and a residential region. The experimental results show that the optimal threshold of the processing results ranged from 0.2 to 0.3. In this range, the user’s accuracy is 0.813 to 0.997, and the producer’s accuracy is 0.981 to 1. The MDIA effectively and correctly extracts the river network in mixed-pixel regions. The presented method provides an effective algorithm for river centerline extraction that can be used to expand and update river datasets and provide reliable river centerline data for relevant hydrology studies.  相似文献   

GNSS全自动解算软件研发及精度评估     

杨翼飞  陈香萍 《地理空间信息》2019,17(4):25-28,I0002

根据载波相位差分定位技术,利用待定点周边稳定的CORS站网形成的区域误差改正模型,对待定控制点观测数据的噪声进行自动剔除,对电离层、对流层和多路径进行差分改正,研发GNSS全自动解算软件,并利用广西卫星定位基准站与待定控制点的GNSS观测数据对软件进行测试。结果表明,GNSS全自动解算软件具有较好的内外符合精度,其解算的三维坐标精度满足D级以下等级控制点的要求,可为工程测量应用提供新的自动化解算方案。  相似文献   

基于DEM数据的月表撞击坑自动提取研究     

闫芮豪  周毅  江飞  陈旻 《地理空间信息》2019,17(4):44-47,I0002

提出一种基于地形与形态学的撞击坑自动提取算法,该算法主要利用撞击坑的形态特征进行提取,利用形态学方法提高提取结果的连续性并去除提取结果中的噪声,使提取的撞击坑边界线更为简单,定位更加准确,易于存储与计算。该算法使用月球勘测轨道器照相机(LROC)提供的100 m分辨率DEM数据进行测试,测试结果显示该算法对于形态较为完整的简单撞击坑提取效果较好,提取的边界线较为准确且能够反映撞击坑的真实形态。  相似文献   

自动化监测系统在深基坑监测中的可靠性分析     

王宇  王鹏  李铭  于峰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(3):222-224

深基坑监测对于城市工程的安全建设具有重要的指导意义。为了探究自动化监测系统在城市深基坑监测中的可行性,根据全站仪的测量原理利用Matlab进行三维仿真,从理论上证明了自动化监测系统的平面精度能够达到规范要求。采用尺度变形分析及水平位移对比分析,论证了在城市深基坑监测中利用自动化监测系统进行水平位移监测的可靠性。  相似文献   

多源高分辨率DOM批量快速制作方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张亚亚  马小计  周亦 《测绘通报》2019,(7):96-99,146

随着遥感数据在自然资源调查中的广泛应用,对多源高分辨率遥感影像“一张图”批量快速制作有了更高的需求。本文以广西壮族自治区北海市银海区作为试验区,利用Pixel Engine软件的“RS+GIS+Photoshop”算法,首先,针对多源高分辨率遥感卫星数据特点,制定相应的数据处理流程,自动化制作单景DOM;然后,以县级辖区为单位,批量快速制作县级辖区DOM;最后,从制作精度和速度两个方面,将该方法制作得到的DOM成果与人工处理成果进行对比,分析该方法的可行性,提出了一种快速、有效的多源高分辨率DOM制作方法。  相似文献   

基于SSW点云数据的矢量地图平面精度自动校验方法     

羌鑫林  李广伟  王留召  张伟红 《测绘通报》2019,(3):98-102

常规的矢量地图精度校验采用抽样与实地测量,外业工作量大,自动化程度低。针对这一问题,本文提出基于SSW激光点云数据的矢量地图平面精度自动校验方法。首先,使用车载激光扫描器获得道路两侧高精度点云数据,并对点云数据进行滤波、坐标转换和精度检验;其次,基于多特征识别算法,使用SWDY软件提取点云特征点线;最后,利用最近邻法搜索待检矢量图中的同类地物特征点线,并计算匹配点线对的中误差。以兴化城区为试验区,采用该方法检测该地区1：1000比例尺的矢量地图平面精度,试验结果显示,成功匹配了点云数据205个地物特征中的201个,矢量地图的总体中误差为0.26 m,且能够发现待检测矢量地图中的采集丢漏与明显错误。本文方法可以减少现有检测方法的野外实测工作量,增加检测样本数量,降低检测过程中的人为干扰因素,有效提升检测的可靠性与检测效率。  相似文献   

人工冻土观测的冻点对应的土壤温度研究     

孙艳云  苗传海  丛郁  王若男  侯畅  韩莹  李琳  肖楠舒 《气象与环境学报》2021,37(3):102-109

基于2018年12月至2020年3月喀左、沈阳、辽阳、满洲里4个国家级地面气象站人工冻土器与测温式冻土自动观测仪观测的资料,对人工冻土观测获得的冻点与测温式冻土自动观测仪获得的相应深度的温度进行对比分析.结果表明:人工冻土器获取的冻点对应的土壤温度与0℃总体一致,又不完全重合;0—35 cm深度范围,冻点对应的温度变化...  相似文献   

矿山滑坡天线阵列变形监测系统的方案与测试     

常松卫  邹进贵  袁细保  张洪波  邹双朝 《地理空间信息》2007,5(6):100-103

首先阐明地质灾害监测的重要性和必要性,然后分析了目前应用于滑坡安全监测自动化远程监测设备和技术,并重点介绍了GPS天线阵列变形监测系统,接着根据某矿山的一个滑坡现场,进行GPS天线阵列监测方案设计,并在实地进行数据采集测试,最后对采集数据进行处理,对几期结果的较差和精度进行分析,得出在矿山自动化监测技术中,GPS天线阵列变形监测系统是一种性价比很高的监测技术,很适合滑坡安全监测。  相似文献