湖南金刚石的显微塑性变形特征     

杨明星  潘兆橹 《地球科学》2004,29(1):45-49

湖南金刚石主要产自沅江流域.金刚石表面普遍遭受了强烈的熔蚀, 与位错相关的熔蚀特征主要为熔蚀线和熔蚀孔道.熔蚀线常见的为一组和二组, 有时为三组, 组内相互平行, 组间相互交切.熔蚀孔道则沿主滑移面成排分布, 孔道圆而直, 其形成的原因与主滑移面和另一强滑移面交切形成的应力虚脱区有关.将金刚石沿生长中心磨成薄片, 在阴极发光(CL)、正交偏光和显微放大观察发现, 金刚石的主滑移面方向常表现为平行消光条带, 一组条带相互平行, 二组相互交切, 三组形成六方环, 四组构成应力幻影.消光条带与褐色色带的形成密切相关, 有褐色色带必有消光条带与之对应, 但有消光条带则不一定有褐色色带与之对应.透射电镜(TEM) 资料显示: 金刚石中刃型位错与螺旋位错均有发育, 位错缠结十分明显, 位错密度分布不均, 在位错缠结的带内位错密度明显高于带间.从生长与变形特征的关系来看, 金刚石的塑性变形发生于生长完成之后.   相似文献   

南极冰藻Chlorophyceae L-4抗氧化酶活性对UV-B辐射增强的响应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

缪锦来  王波  阚光锋  姜英辉  侯旭光  李光友 《海洋科学进展》2004,22(3):313-319

为了了解在UV B辐射增强的胁迫下,南极冰藻ChlorophyceaeL 4细胞内保护酶系统对活性氧自由基的清除作用,对不同辐射强度下ChlorophyceaeL 4细胞中丙二醛含量的变化、自由基的产生速率和相应的保护酶系统的变化进行了测定。结果表明,在UV B辐射增强的初期(1～3d),ChlorophyceaeL 4中丙二醛含量的迅速提高,但随后很快降低,在低强度UV B(35μW·cm-2)辐照下保护酶活性能够恢复到基本水平。在UV B辐射增强的胁迫下,ChlorophyceaeL 4中的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性明显比对照组的高,而且在高强度(70μW·cm-2)的辐照下,酶活性更高。ChlorophyceaeL 4中的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶的活性在UV B辐射增强的胁迫下略有升高或变化不大。本研究结果表明,保护酶系统在南极冰藻适应南极强辐射环境中起着非常重要的作用。  相似文献   

Early Serpukhovian (late Mississippian) microflora from the Guadiato Area (southwestern Spain)     

P. Czar 《Geological Journal》2005,40(4):405-424

Calcareous microflora occur commonly in the early Serpukhovian (late Mississippian) rocks from the Guadiato Area (southwestern Spain) despite the fact that this area contains mostly siliciclastic sediments. The microflora recorded in the carbonate beds is regarded as representative of both relatively deep‐water and shallow‐water facies and can be compared with the slope and shelf facies environments distinguished in the Guadiato Area. Up to 45 algal taxa have been identified in the carbonate beds, of which 26 taxa occur in the relatively deep‐water assemblages, whereas the shallow‐water assemblages are composed of up to 43 taxa. The entire algal assemblage is dominated by calcifoliids, common cyanobacteria and incertae sedis, but the shallow‐water assemblages contain more commonly dasyclads, red algae and aoujgaliids. Most of these taxa are present, but poorly known, in other Serpukhovian carbonate platforms in the western Palaeotethys. Some algae (Hortonella uttingii, Kamaenella tenuis and Koninckopora inflata), usually regarded as being restricted to the Viséan, have been found in Serpukhovian rocks in the Guadiato Area, and also in Algeria, thus their stratigraphic ranges might be extended up to the Serpukhovian. Other important taxa include: Archaeolithophyllum, Cabrieropora, Calcifolium, Falsocalcifolium, Fourstonella, Frustulata, Kulikia, Neoprincipia and ‘Windsoporella’, which are exceptionally recorded in Serpukhovian rocks, or not recorded at all, because they are typically recorded in the Pennsylvanian (cf. Clavaporella), although some of them show earlier occurrences in Viséan rocks (Claracrusta, Paraepimastopora and Sparaphralysia). Some of the algal taxa can be considered as potential regional markers for the Serpukhovian, such as Archaeolithophyllum, cf. Clavaporella, Frustulata and Girvanella (?) sp. The algal assemblages found in the Guadiato Area show the greatest similarities with those in the Béchar‐Mézarif (Algeria), Pyrenees and Montagne Noire (southern France). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

从孢粉、藻类化石组合看长江三角洲第一硬质粘土层的成因及其古环境意义   总被引：23，自引：10，他引：13  

覃军干  吴国  郑洪波  李从先 《第四纪研究》2004,24(5):546-554

文章通过对长江三角洲南翼7个钻孔样品的孢粉、藻类分析,从晚第四纪第一硬质粘土层中提取出了种类和数量均较可观的孢粉、藻类化石,从而可以判别第一硬质粘土层形成时的沉积环境和植被类型,为长江三角洲地区硬质粘土层的成因研究提供了生物化石依据。研究结果表明,第一硬质粘土层中有多种孢粉、藻类化石组合。高含量淡水藻类的存在说明硬质粘土形成受到流水的作用,亦即硬粘土的形成环境可能为水域环境。化石组合中含量较低的海生沟鞭藻表明,长江三角洲地区在硬质粘土形成时曾受到海水影响。硬质粘土层中的禾本科-莎草科-落叶栎-松、禾本科-落叶栎-松-蒿和莎草科-落叶栎-香蒲孢粉组合指示研究区低地为平原区草甸,而周边的山地有针阔叶混交林分布,当时该地区属于温凉略湿的温带气候。  相似文献   

四川黄龙钙华藻类及其生物岩溶作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李永新  田友萍  李银 《中国岩溶》2011,30(1):86-92

从探索黄龙钙华的生物成因角度出发,对黄龙钙华藻类进行了采集、鉴定和分析,并对钙华藻类的生物岩溶作用做了初步探讨。研究得出黄龙钙华藻类分属于4门19属86种,优势种属为Tolypothrix属、Gloeocapsa属和Cymbella属。黄龙景区不同环境区域的优势藻类有所不同,藻类参与的碳酸盐沉积在不同岩溶景观中所起作用也有所差异。其中蓝藻参与的碳酸盐沉积主要表现于黄龙钙华坝景观的形成过程中,由硅藻参与碳酸盐沉积主要表现于斜坡滩华景观的形成过程中。藻类既能在钙华形成过程中发挥作用,藻类的生长也能侵蚀破坏钙华景观,在长期缺乏岩溶水补给的条件下,藻类对钙华景观的破坏性尤为突出。   相似文献   

Low‐mass visual binaries in the solar neighbourhood: The case of HD 141272     

T. Eisenbeiss  A. Seifahrt  M. Mugrauer  T. O. B. Schmidt  R. Neuhuser  T. Roell 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2007,328(6):521-526

We search for stellar and substellar companions of young nearby stars to investigate stellar multiplicity and formation of stellar and substellar companions. We detect common proper‐motion companions of stars via multi‐epoch imaging. Their companionship is finally confirmed with photometry and spectroscopy. Here we report the discovery of a new co‐moving (13 σ) stellar companion ∼17.8 arcsec (350AU in projected separation) north of the nearby star HD141272 (21 pc).With EMMI/NTT optical spectroscopy we determined the spectral type of the companion to be M3±0.5V. The derived spectral type as well as the near infrared photometry of the companion are both fully consistent with a M_⊙ dwarf located at the distance of HD141272 (21 pc). Furthermore the photometry data rules out the pre‐main sequence status, since the system is consistent with the ZAMS of the Pleiades. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

A near‐infrared/optical/X‐ray survey in the centre of σ Orionis     

J.A. Caballero 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2007,328(9):917-927

Because of the intense brightness of the OB‐type multiple star system σ Ori, the low‐mass stellar and substellar populations close to the centre of the very young σ Orionis cluster is poorly know. I present an IJHK_s survey in the cluster centre, able to detect from the massive early‐type stars down to cluster members below the deuterium burning mass limit. The near‐infrared and optical data have been complemented with X‐ray imaging. Ten objects have been found for the first time to display high‐energy emission. Previously known stars with clear spectroscopic youth indicators and/or X‐ray emission define a clear sequence in the I vs. I – K_s diagram. I have found six new candidate cluster members that follow this sequence. One of them, in the magnitude interval of the brown dwarfs in the cluster, displays X‐ray emission and a very red J – K_s colour, indicative of a disc. Other three low‐mass stars have excesses in the K_s band as well. The frequency of X‐ray emitters in the area is 80±20 %. The spatial density of stars is very high, of up to 1.6±0.1 arcmin^–2. There is no indication of lower abundance of substellar objects in the cluster centre. Finally, I also report two cluster stars with X‐ray emission located at only 8000–11000 AU to σ Ori AB, two sources with peculiar colours and an object with X‐ray emission and near‐infrared magnitudes similar to those of previously‐known substellar objects in the cluster. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

Variability in the Lambda Orionis cluster substellar domain     

D. Barrado Y Navascus  N. Hulamo  M. Morales Caldern 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2005,326(10):981-984

We present the first results on variability of very low mass stars and brown dwarfs belonging to the ∼5 Myr Lambda Orionis cluster (Collinder 69). We have monitored almost continuously in the J filter a small area of the cluster which includes 12 possible members of the cluster during one night. Some members have turned to be short‐term variables. One of them, LOri167, has a mass close to the planetary mass limit and its variability might be due to instabilities produced by the deuterium burning, although other mechanism cannot be ruled out. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

VISIR/VLT observations of brown dwarfs in Upper Scorpius     

N. Hulamo  H. Bouy  M. Sterzik  E. Pantin  E.L. MartÍn 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2005,326(10):1022-1023

We present mid‐IR observations of a sample of very low‐mass stars and brown dwarfs in the Upper Scorpius association. The main goal of these observations is to derive the disk frequency and the disk properties of the sample in order to shed light on brown dwarf formation theories. The observations have been performed with VISIR at the Very Large Telescope (VLT, Paranal). A total of ten targets were observed and six were detected. In this paper we show preliminary results for two of them: DENIS‐PJ160334 and DENIS‐PJ161939. While the former shows mid‐IR fluxes consistent with pure photospheric emission, the latter displays strong mid‐IR excesses which are probably related with a circumstellar disk. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

Widely separated binary systems of very low‐mass stars     

N. Phan‐Bao  E. L. Martín  C. Reyl  T. Forveille  J. Lim 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2005,326(10):1031-1032

In this paper we review some recent detections of wide binary brown dwarf systems and discuss them in the context of the multiplicity properties of very low‐mass stars and brown dwarfs. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献