堤防动物洞穴的探地雷达探测研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王国群  何开胜 《岩土力学》2006,27(5):838-841

通过探地雷达对淮沭河大堤獾洞隐患的探测,分析了獾洞的结构特征,给出了獾洞的典型雷达图像特征,推断了测区内獾洞穴道的位置、深度和走向,为堤防獾洞隐患治理提供了资料。探测结果表明,探地雷达设备轻便,对场地要求低,易于在任意方向加密探测,对浅层地下洞穴的探测非常有效。  相似文献   

Water isotopic variability in Mallorca: a path to understanding past changes in hydroclimate          下载免费PDF全文

Oana A. Dumitru  Ferenc L. Forray  Joan J. Fornós  Vasile Ersek  Bogdan P. Onac 《水文研究》2017,31(1):104-116

This paper reports the first results on δ¹⁸O and δ²H analysis of precipitations, cave drip waters, and groundwaters from sites in Mallorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean), a key region for paleoclimate studies. Understanding the isotopic variability and the sources of moisture in modern climate systems is required to develop speleothem isotope‐based climate reconstructions. The stable isotopic composition of precipitation was analysed in samples collected between March 2012 and March 2013. The values are in the range reported by GNIP Palma station. Based on these results, the local meteoric water line (LMWL) δ²H = 7.9 (±0.3) δ¹⁸O + 10.8 (±2.5) was derived, with slightly lower slope than Global Meteoric Water Line. The results help tracking two main sources of air masses affecting the study sites: rain events with the highest δ¹⁸O values (> ?5‰) originate over the Mediterranean Sea, whereas the more depleted samples (< ?8‰) are sourced in the North Atlantic region. The back trajectory analysis and deuterium excess values, ranging from 0.4 to 18.4‰, further support our findings. To assess the isotopic variation across the island, water samples from eight caves were collected. The δ¹⁸O values range between ?6.9 and ?1.6‰. With one exception (Artà), the isotopic composition of waters in caves located along the coast (Drac, Vallgornera, Cala Varques, Tancada, and Son Sant Martí) indicates Mediterranean‐sourced moisture masses. By contrast, the drip water δ¹⁸O values for inland caves (Campanet, ses Rates Pinyades) or developed under a thick (>50 m) limestone cap (Artà) exhibit more negative values. A well‐homogenized aquifer supplied by rainwaters of both origins is clearly indicated by groundwater δ¹⁸O values, which show to be within 2.4‰ of the unweighted arithmetic mean of ?7.4‰. Although limited, the isotopic data presented here constitute the baseline for future studies using speleothem δ¹⁸O records for western Mediterranean paleoclimate reconstructions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Characteristics of Breccias and C-O-Sr-S Isotope Geochemistry of the Duocaima Pb-Zn Deposit in Tuotuohe, Qinghai Province: Implications for the Ore-forming Process     

HAO Hong  SONG Yucai  LI Liansong  JIA Zongyong  WANG Yuankui  LIU Qun 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(5):1568-1587

The Duocaima carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit is a newly found large deposit in the southern area of Qinghai Province.In this paper, the characteristics, genesis, significance to Pb-Zn mineralization of the widely developed breccias, and the ore-forming process have been carefully studied based on geological documentation of drilling holes, microscopic observations of petrography and microstructure and some stable isotope measurements.Based on the compositions of the clast and matrix, the breccias can be classified into three types: limestone clasts cemented by marl; limestone clasts with fine-grained calcareous materials; and limestone clasts cemented by hydrothermal calcite.The mineralization in the first type of breccia is weak, whereas it is strong in the latter two types of breccias.According to the locations of occurrence and structural characteristics of the breccias along with the relationship between the breccias and mineralization, part of the limestone clasts that are cemented by marl and outcrop in the contact zone between the Wudaoliang Formation(Nw) and the underlying Jiushidaoban Formation(Pj) are attributed to synsedimentary fault-genetic breccia, whereas the last of the limestone clasts that are cemented by marl and developed in the Jiushidaoban Formation(Pj) are attributed to the breccia generated by karst cave collapse; the limestone clasts with fine-grained calcareous materials and the limestone clasts cemented by hydrothermal calcite are attributed to breccia formed by hydrothermal dissolution.The breccia formed by karst collapse had consistently evolved for a long period of time, while the breccias with other origins were formed around the period of mineralization(i.e., about or slightly later than 20–16 Ma).The breccia generated by karst cave collapse and hydrothermal dissolution are somewhat related; the formation of the breccia from karst cave collapse provided open space for the later mineralization and reaction between hydrothermal fluids and host rocks, and the subsequent strong dissolution by hydrothermal fluids transformed some of the breccia formed earlier by karst cave collapse.Meanwhile, carbonate host rocks with breccias and brecciaed mineralization can be a potential sign of Mississippi Valley Type(MVT) deposits and important indicators for regional mineral exploration.The δ13CV-PDB, δ18OVSMOW, and 87Sr/86 Sr values of hydrothermal calcite in the Duocaima deposit range from 4.3‰ to 7.1‰, 14.9‰ to 20.1‰, and 0.707494 to 0.708185, respectively; the δ13CV-PDB, δ18OV-SMOW, and 87Sr/86 Sr values of the host limestones of the Jiushidaoban Formation range from 3.6‰ to 5.3‰, 18.0‰ to 20.5‰, and 0.707372 to 0.707945, respectively.The δ13CV-PDB and 87Sr/86 Sr values of hydrothermal calcite and limestone are similar, indicating single sources of C and Sr in this deposit, with the likely source being the limestone of the Jiushidaoban Formation.The minor scattering of the δ18OV-SMOW values suggests that different O isotope fluids underwent the isotope exchange reaction.The C-O-Sr isotope characteristics indicate that the host limestones experienced a dissolution and precipitation process during mineralization, which is beneficial to improving the porosity of host rocks and promoting the precipitation of metal sulfides.The δ34SV-CDT value of the breccia-type mineralization sulfides ranges from-30.4‰ to-0.3‰; that is, the δ34SV-CDT value is negative with considerable variation, illustrating that during the breccia-type mineralization process, the bacteriogenic reduction of sulfates provided the vast majority of sulfur, whereas the thermochemical reduction of sulfates was relatively unimportant.The brecciation that occurred as a result of karst cave collapse was mainly generated by the dissolution of groundwater; however, the brecciation related to hydrothermal dissolution and mineralization processes were caused by mixing of different fluids.  相似文献   

内蒙古山洞台站背景噪声特征分析     

安全  赵艳红  郭延杰  刘永梅 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(12):1312-1316

计算内蒙古测震台网2019-12~2020-11山洞观测数据的加速度功率谱密度（PSD）和相应的概率密度函数(PDF),研究相应台站的背景噪声特征。结果表明,高频段背景噪声的昼夜差异显著,疫情防控期间噪声水平明显低于其他时段;次级微震频段背景噪声季节性变化显著,噪声水平冬季强、夏季弱,随着台站离海岸线距离增大,PSD峰值有逐渐减小的趋势;主微震频段背景噪声在10~20 s均有峰值,峰值冬季最强,春、夏、秋季基本没有差异,不同台站同一季节峰值差异小;长周期段噪声水平四季差异不大,春、夏季略高于秋、冬季。  相似文献   

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蒋玲霞  孙伶俐  李明  罗俊秋  戴苗 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(3):39-42

???ó????????????С???任????????Ms5.1????????????????????????仯??????з???????????????????2????????????????????????????????????????????????????к??????????????????????????仯???????????????????????????????С??????????????????仯???????????????????????????仯?????????????????????????????仯??  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩洞穴型储层双侧向测井数值模拟和响应特征(英文)   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

谭茂金  高杰  王晓畅  张松扬 《应用地球物理》2011,8(1):79-85

洞穴型碳酸盐岩地层具有显著的非均质性和测井预测难度大的特点,如何利用双侧向测井对识洞穴进行准确识别与定量评价,是当前的一个研究难点与热点。利用数值模拟方法计算电测井响应,可为洞穴识别与评价提供理论依据。本文根据双侧向测井原理,采用有限元素法,研究了球状洞穴模型的测井响应特征,并考察了不同尺寸的洞穴对电测井响应的影响;然后,系统研究了不同充填程度的洞穴模型的测井响应,得出了电阻率与充填程度之间的关系;最后,研究了洞穴中充填泥质、灰质、砾岩和砂泥岩薄互层等多种充填物的测井响应特征。研究结果对碳酸盐岩洞穴型储层的识别与评价具有较高的应用价值和研究意义。  相似文献   

云南牛栏江德泽-李子箐段岩溶发育特征及成因分析     

孙顺新 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(10):39-42

云南牛栏江德泽-李子箐段岩溶发育,主要类型为岩溶塌陷和溶洞（暗河）。在研究区内现有地质资料及调查成果的基础上,总结了研究区岩溶发育的基本特征：空间上分布广、密度大,个体规模大,各类岩溶类型相互连通。系统地分析了研究区岩溶作用的成因,主要为：①区内的降雨量较大,为岩溶的发育提供了丰富的水源;②研究区西北部的车乌-鲁冲大断裂,控制着区内总体构造形态,并造成了北东向与南东向等多组节理裂隙的发育,为岩溶水的流通创造了条件;③广泛分布的可溶性岩石,为岩溶的发育提供了物质条件,有利于岩溶作用的发生。  相似文献   

Burial and infilling of a karst in Papua New Guinea by road erosion sediments     

J. M. James 《Environmental Geology》1993,21(3):144-151

The anthropogenic impact on karst in Papua New Guinea is briefly introduced and a specific case is presented detailing the effect of road erosion sediments on a small karst. The karst is in the perennially humid tropics and covered with primary rain forest. The road was placed high above the karst on steep friable rock and traverses several of its catchments. The changes to and the rate of burial of parts of the karst and the infilling of the caves are described. The karst drainage has altered, and there is increased water storage. The sediment build-up ceased in less than a year due to vegetation and stabilization of the road embankments. It is concluded that any construction within a catchment leading to a karst should be assessed as to its impact on the karst.  相似文献   

New data on speleothem deposition and palaeoclimate in Britain over the last forty thousand years     

T. C. Atkinson  T. J. Lawson  P. L. Smart  R. S. Harmon  J. W. Hess 《第四纪科学杂志》1986,1(1):67-72

²³⁰Th/²³⁴U dates are presented for 26 speleothems from three areas in Britain: Assynt, N.W. Scotland; N.W. Yorkshire; Mendip Hills, Somerset. These dates suggest that speleothem growth was widespread but rare in the period from 40 to 26 Ka, absent from 26 to 15 Ka, and abundant from 15 Ka to the present. The absence of speleothems between 26 and 15 Ka is attributed to glaciation in Yorkshire and Assynt and, tentatively, to continuous permafrost development in the Mendip Hills. The occurrence of speleothems before 26 Ka places restrictions on the extent of any ice sheet which may have been present in Scotland, and indicates that N.W. Scotland was not subjected to continuous permafrost at that time.  相似文献   

云南洞穴金线鲃属鱼类(鲤科)一新种   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卯卫宁  卢宗民  李维贤  马鸿宾  黄钢 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(3):1-3

描记采于罗平县—地下河金线鲃属一新种,命名为瓦状角金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus tileihornesMao,Lu et Li,sp.nov。新种外形与犀角金线鲃S.rhinocerous Li et Tao(1994)相近,但新种无侧线鳞,角顶部分叉呈瓦状,腹鳍较长,后伸超过肛门或达到臀鳍起点可与之相区分。  相似文献