三维激光扫描技术在溶洞探测中的应用     

刘兴权  阎曼  杨厚波 《测绘工程》2010,19(5):41-43

由于溶洞的特殊性,传统测量仪器已经不能满足当前对溶洞探测的要求。三维激光扫描技术采用非接触式高速激光测量方式,能在复杂的现场和空间对被测物体进行快速扫描测量,从而获得点云数据。文中介绍激光扫描的工作原理及三维激光扫描的工作流程,并给出采用Riegl LMS_Z420i三维激光扫描仪对吉首至茶洞高速公路吉首岸索塔基坑下的溶洞进行探测的实例。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地车尔臣断裂带构造--岩相特征及形成机理探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王凤俊  丁长辉  刘兴晓  吕东  郑国利  杨宝俊 《世界地质》2005,24(1):53-57

车尔臣断裂带的构造特征、寒武系-下奥陶统地层地震相特征与沉积相展布、构造与岩相之间关系的研究表明,车尔臣断裂构造带具有“三段式”结构。西段与东段相似,为巨厚的碳酸盐岩建造,刚性强,以断裂形式释放应力,所形成的构造带成排发育,圈闭面积小而个数多;中段塔东低凸起以泥岩建造为主,岩层刚性弱,以塑性变形为主,构造带不发育,构造样式主要为古生界的宽缓背斜,圈闭面积大而个数少。通过沉积相和构造综合研究证实存在2个岩性圈闭带：古城奥陶系礁滩相岩性圈闭带和罗布泊奥陶系礁滩相构造-岩性复合圈闭带。  相似文献   

河北阜平神仙洞探测研究及开发建议     

周文龙  高占冬  吴克华  黎有为  李坡  贺卫 《中国岩溶》2020,39(1):110-118

2015年在太行山区阜平1∶5万水文地质调查工作中发现了北方大型岩溶洞穴--神仙洞。2017年继续对该洞穴采用无纸化测量、三维激光扫描等方式进行重点探测,并比对两套数据以验证无纸化洞穴测量的精度与准确性。通过对神仙洞地下河开展的示踪试验,首次证实了神仙洞与金龙洞相连通;通过对神仙洞发育演化分析以及资源景观评价,认为神仙洞地质遗迹景观,特别是一些组合形态,在北方溶洞中具有较高价值,并提出保护性开发建议,旨在为集中连片特困区旅游扶贫开发提供精准支撑。  相似文献   

NICKPOINT RECESSION IN KARST TERRAINS: AN EXAMPLE FROM THE BUCHAN KARST,SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA     

DEREK FABEL  DANE HENRICKSEN  BRIAN L. FINLAYSON  JOHN A. WEBB 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1996,21(5):453-466

Nickpoint recession in the Buchan karst, southeastern Australia, has resulted in the formation of an underground meander cut-off system in the Murrindal River valley. Three nickpoints have been stranded in the surface channel abandoned by the subterranean piracy, and these can be correlated with river terraces and epiphreatic cave passages in the nearby Buchan River valley. The presence of palaeomagnetically reversed sediments in the youngest cave passage in the Buchan valley implies that the topographically lowest nickpoint in the Murrindal valley is more than 730 ka old, and the other nickpoints are probably several million years old. The nickpoints are occasionally active during floods, but the diversion of most surface flow underground has slowed down their retreat to the extent that they have been effectively stationary for several million years. Underground nickpoint migration has been by both incision within major phreatic conduits and their abandonment for lower-level passages. The nickpoints are all present in the upstream part of the cave system, but have not migrated past the sink in the river channel, despite the long period of time available for this to happen. The sink is characterized by collapsed limestone blocks; these filter out the coarse bedload from the river channel. As a result, erosion within the cave passages is dominantly solutional and therefore slower than in the surface channel, where it is mostly mechanical. In addition, to transmit a drop in base level the cave system requires the removal of a larger volume of rock than for the surface migration of a nickpoint, because any roof collapse material in the subsurface system must be removed. These factors have slowed the migration of the base-level changes through the subsurface system, and may be a general feature in caves that have diffuse sinks as their main inputs.  相似文献   

海冰爬坡和堆积行为的试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

孔祥鹏  董吉武  李志军  李广伟  张丽敏  张勇 《海洋学报》2010,32(3):162-166

对于浅海区采油平台等设施常采用斜坡式人工岛形式,虽然在一定程度上起到降低海冰对平台的作用,但是海冰沿着斜坡上爬至平台并形成堆积,同样也会对平台设施造成破坏,因此有必要对海冰堆积爬坡的关键参数进行研究。通过在冰排前进方向放置混凝土实体结构物模拟海冰堆积和爬坡过程,分析了模型冰爬坡和下滑角度、最大堆积高度等关键参数以及模型冰断裂长度的统计特性及其与变形模量的关系,试验结果表明水位越高,冰排越容易发生堆积爬坡。破碎的模型冰在结构物前堆积后,形成爬坡角和下滑角。爬坡角随着堆积体的增大而增大,下滑角则逐渐减小。堆积冰高度一定时,高度不再增加,在来冰方向会形成新的堆积。这种现象为浅海区海上结构物的防冰减灾提供了新思路。  相似文献