Long-term, predation-based control of a central-west North Sea zooplankton community     

Clark  Robin A; Frid  Chris L.J; Nicholas  Kirsty R 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2003,60(2):187-197

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The influence of an extreme drought event in the fish community of a southern Europe temperate estuary   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

F. Martinho  R. Leito  I. Viegas  M. Dolbeth  J.M. Neto  H.N. Cabral  M.A. Pardal 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,75(4):537-546

Between 2003 and 2006, a severe drought occurred throughout the Mondego River catchment's area, inducing lower freshwater flows into the estuary. As a consequence, both 2004 and 2005 were considered as extreme drought events. From June 2003 to June 2006, the fish assemblage of the Mondego Estuary was sampled monthly in five stations during the night, using a 2 m beam trawl. Fish abundance was standardized as the number of individuals per 1000 m² per season and the assemblage was analyzed based on ecological guilds: estuarine residents, marine juveniles, marine adventitious, freshwater, catadromous and marine species that use the estuary as a nursery area. A total of 42 species belonging to 23 families were identified, with estuarine residents and nursery species dominating the fish community. Variations in the fish community were assessed using non-metric MDS, being defined as three distinct periods: summer and autumn 2003, 2004/2005 and winter and summer 2006. The main drought-induced effects detected were the depletion of freshwater species and an increase in marine adventitious in 2004/2005, due to an extended intrusion of seawater inside the estuary and a significant reduction in abundance during the driest period of estuarine resident species. Nevertheless, from the management point of view, it could be stated that although some variations occurred due to environmental stress, the main core of the Mondego Estuary fish community remained relatively unchanged.  相似文献   

Interannual Changes of the Winter to Early Spring Biomass and Composition of Mesozooplankton in the Kuroshio Region in Relation to Climatic Factors     

Kaoru Nakata  Sachiko Koyama 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(2):225-234

Interannual variations of biomass of major mesozooplankton groups (Cnidaria, Chaetognatha, Copepoda, Crustacea other than copepods, Tunicata) in the January to March period were examined in the slope, Kuroshio and offshore waters off the Pacific coast of western Japan (western region) from 1971 to 1988 and off central Japan (central region) from 1971 to 1989. The mean biomass for each year of most of the mesozooplankton groups was high in the early 1970s and tended to decrease (in the western region) or to have dropped to a lower level (in the central region) after the mid-1970s. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses of the mean biomass for each year of each mesozooplankton group in the Kuroshio in both regions against climatic factors revealed that the biomass was related positively to wind speed. It is therefore considered that the nutrient supply to the upper layers limits the production of many of the mesozooplankton groups examined in the Kuroshio, even in winter. Similar relationships were also found for the biomass of Copepoda, non-copepod Crustacea and Tunicata in the offshore water in the western region. The percentage of copepods in the biomass in the central region seemed to decrease under high water temperature conditions, while that of Chaetgnatha tended to increase. Climatic factors thus largely influenced the interannual variations of biomass and composition of mesozooplankton in and near the Kuroshio during the winter to early spring period. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

闭流坳陷湖盆的气候层序   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李延平  林振宏  陈树民  宋永忠  张尔华  沈家刚 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2007,27(6):91-96

闭流坳陷湖盆以发育气候层序为特征,在理想条件下,气候三级周期的变化基本符合正弦曲线;一个完整的闭流坳陷湖盆气候层序Ⅰ型层序应包括4个体系域:低水位进积楔体系域、水进体系域、高位体系域和强制水退楔体系域;同样一个完整的闭流坳陷湖盆气候层序Ⅱ型层序应包括3个体系域:水进体系域、高位体系域和强制水退边缘体系域。这些体系域在气候周期变化的曲线上有相应的位置,层序界面则位于基准面变化的最低点。  相似文献   

Natural and Anthropic Middle-term Variations in the Delta System at the Mouth of the Goro River (Po Delta, Italy)     

Carlo Del Grande  Giovanni Gabbianelli  Umberto Simeoni 《Marine Ecology》2002,23(S1):169-183

Abstract. The modern delta system of the Po River is the result of an evolution strictly controlled by anthropic factors and mainly developed during a period of climatic deterioration (Little Ice Age 1550/1850).
At the beginning of the 17^th century the main branch of the Po River, Fornaci Po, was modified with the "Cut of Viro" in order to avoid landfill of the Venetian Lagoon. Simultaneously, the southernmost branch of Ariano, or Goro, was forced to flow southwards. Subsequent sedimentary variations, caused by changes in the climatic conditions, contributed to make the area supplied by the Goro Po River increasingly lagoonary. In the second half of the 19^th century (end of the Little Ice Age – L.I.A. –), the first coastal spits started to take shape and developed in different systems throughout the entire following century. Coastal spits turned out to produce in the original bay, a progressive closure towards the sea. The strong decrease in solid loads, characterising the second half of the 20^th century and mainly due to anthropic factors, marks the beginning of a new phase extending to the overall Po Delta system, in which the mouth layout is controlled by wave energy.  相似文献   

艾比湖最近20Ka的氧碳同位素记录与气候突变   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

李国胜 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1993,13(4):75-84

本文根据新疆艾比湖ＺＫｏｏＢ孔中３０个氧碳同位素样品的测试数据，制作了艾比湖最近二万年来的氧碳同位素变化曲线，氧碳同位素记录的研究表明，最近二万年来艾比湖的δ＾１８Ｏ变化主要是受湖水的蒸发作用和淡化过程所控制，艾比湖的水体环境在最近二万年中至少经历了八次明显的波动变化，δ＾１８Ｏ变化所反映的环境演变过程与全球性气候变化基本一致。二万年来δ＾１３Ｃ值的波动主要受湖泊水体中ＴＤＩＣ变化以及湖泊水体与大  相似文献   

Sea surface temperature changes in the North Sea and their causes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Becker  Gerd A.; Pauly  Manfred 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1996,53(6):887-898

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南海中北部热带气旋强度突变的天气气候特征分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孔宁谦  陈润珍  蔡敏 《台湾海峡》2007,26(2):188-196

本文对1960-2002年在南海中北部活动的热带气旋进行分析统计,发现有如下气候特征：南海中北部平均每年有6.7个热带气旋,有4.9个热带气旋强度发生突变,其中有3%的热带气旋只发生突然增强,72%的热带气旋只发生突然减弱,25%的热带气旋既发生突然增强又发生突然减弱过程.强度突然减弱发生在4-12月,主要集中在登陆和登陆后的陆地区域,分布较广;强度突然增强发生在4-11月,主要出现在珠江口以西至海南岛东部海面、东沙群岛和西沙群岛海面.  相似文献   

中国全新世高温期中的气候突变事件及其对人类的影响   总被引：21，自引：1，他引：21  

施少华 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1993,13(4):65-73

本文通过孢粉、闪芯和古湖泊等研究，确定了高温期起迄时间为８．５－３ＫｂＢ．Ｐ．，恢复了高温期的气候与环境的基本特征，作者发现在高温期仍在有７．８，５．３和４ｋａＢ．Ｐ．等三次具有普遍意义的气候突变事件，其降温幅度甚至可达３－４℃。这些突变事件对人类文明和环境变化起很重要的作用，尤其是与它位伴随出现的各种严重自然灾害阻碍和限制了古文明的发展，有时甚至是毁灭性的打击。  相似文献   

Coastline configuration disrupts the effects of large-scale climatic forcing, leading to divergent temporal trends in wave exposure     

Andrew J. Davies  Mark P. Johnson   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,69(3-4):643-648

Both climate change and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) may influence coastal systems by altering wave exposure. The effects of such climatic forcing are often coherent over relatively large geographic areas. Temporal trends in wave exposure at any particular shore are, however, the result of an interaction between site-specific fetch characteristics and changes in wind climate. This leads to contrasting trends in wave exposure at locations separated by no more than a few kilometres. Wave exposures were estimated at locations around a sea lough over 32 years to characterise these scales of variability. Locations separated by approximately 5 km had independent dynamics with respect to the temporal trend (correlation range −0.35 to 0.44) and to associations with the NAO (correlation range −0.18 to 0.40). Wave exposure can therefore be increasing for a section of shore while nearby areas have the opposite trend. Mean exposure at a location was not a good predictor of the temporal trend. More exposed sites were, however, sensitive to variations in the strength of the NAO. The reduction of large scale forcing to small-scale variability has implications for the detection and mitigation of potential climate change impacts.  相似文献