大生活用海水生化处理技术研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王静  张雨山 《海洋技术学报》2002,21(4):51-53

采用海水作为大生活用水最结解沿海城市淡水资源紧缺局面的有效途径之一。该技术得以推广应用的技术关键是大生活用海水的后处理技术，文章综述了大生活用海水的生化处理技术的研究现状，并提出了今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

海岸带空间要素分析查询系统构建研究——以山东莱州湾为例     

黄卫民  王瑞富  张培文  张杰 《海洋科学进展》2001,19(4):81-85

海岸带开发与保护是我国保持海岸带可持续发展所急需解决的问题。以莱州湾为示范区 ,利用 GIS技术建立海岸带空间要素分析查询系统 ,旨在为实施海岸带的综合管理构建一个高技术支撑的信息分析系统  相似文献   

浙江近海夜光藻的分布及其生态学特点   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

陆斗定  张志道 《海洋学研究》1994,12(3):62-69

本文利用历次夜光藻调查资料，阐述了其在浙江近岸海域的分布特点，丰度高峰主要出现在春秋季，夏季亦存在暴发性增殖的可能性，冬季则基本见不到夜光藻的踪迹。杭州湾口等水体浑浊区是夜光藻的低丰度区，仅在春夏季有零星出现，这与水体透明度低、悬浮泥沙含量高及强烈的水动力因子等密切相关。在时间尺度上，夜光藻丰度呈上升趋势，根本原因是海域富营养化加剧的结果。  相似文献   

南海中部海区次表层NO2^——N的最大值   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨嘉东 《台湾海峡》1992,11(2):138-145

本文根据1983年9月至1985年1月南海中部海区综合调查所获得的NO_2~--N及有关参数的观测资料,分析了该海区NO_2~--N的分布变化特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明,调查海区NO_2~--N含量的变化范围在0～0.54μmol/L之间,其中小于0.05μmol/L的测定值约占测定总数的82.1%,而大于0.05μmol/L测定值基本上出现在50～150m层。文中还对该海区次表层NO_2~--N最大值形成的机理作了初步探讨,指出密度跃层的终年存在、铵的氧化和浮游植物的代谢过程是调查海区次表层NO_2~--N最大值形成的主要因素。  相似文献   

台湾海峡海流结构及海水通量     

傅子琅  胡建宇 《热带海洋学报》1995,(3)

主要根据台湾海峡的实测海流资料，以夏、冬为代表季节，分析了台湾海峡２—３个纬向断面的海流结构，计算出各断面的海水通量。结果表明：夏季，台湾海峡中、北部海域各层的海流一般偏Ｎ向流动，Ｎ向的海水净通量为３．３２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１；冬季，高温高盐的黑潮水和南海水由南向北经南部断面进入台湾海峡，其海水通量分别为１．６９×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１和０．５９×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１；而东海水由北向南通过北部断面进入台湾海峡，其海水通量为１．０２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１，其中，有０．４０×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１的海水沿着福建和广东近岸流进南海，其余０．６２×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１的海水在台湾海峡北部混合后随同黑潮水和南海水流入东海。总之，流经台湾海峡的Ｎ向海水净通量为１．７４×１０６ｍ３·ｓ－１。  相似文献   

吹扫-捕集气相色谱法测定海水中挥发性卤代烃   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

杨桂朋  尹士序  陆小兰  宋贵生 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):299-304

挥发性卤代烃(VHC)是大气中的痕量气体,对臭氧层损耗和温室效应有重要作用。海洋是大气中VHC的主要自然排放源,开展海洋VHC的研究有助于了解海洋对大气VHC和全球变暖的贡献。本文建立了吹扫-捕集与气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器联用技术(P-T-GC-(ECD)分析海水中6种VHC的方法,确定了吹扫-捕集条件和气相色谱分离条件。该方法的检测限在0.003~0.369 ng.L-1之间;相对标准偏差是1.83~3.97;加标回收率为98.1%~110.2%;相关系数在0.997 3~0.999 8之间。可准确地测定海水中6种VHC。  相似文献   

海水中一氧化氮的极谱法测定     

任春艳  张正斌  邢磊  刘春颖  刘莲生 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(5):801-808

本文首次采用 Nafion和 Co(salen) /Nafion修饰铂电极测定海水中的 NO,对实验条件进行了选择 ,确定了最佳实验条件 ,即反应池通氮除氧 30 min,富集时间为 4min。同时用线性扫描法对海水中的 NO进行测定 ,测得海水中 NO的浓度与氧化峰电流之间有一定线性关系。对 Nafion修饰电极而言 ,线性范围 1～ 76.9μmol/L,R2 =0 .991 6,检出限为 1 μmol/L。同时对 2种方法修饰的铂电极进行了比较 ,即当 NO浓度在 1 0 -6mol/L数量级时 2种电极基本上无差别 ,而在 1 0 -7mol/L数量级时 Co(salen) /Nafion修饰电极要明显优于 Nafion修饰电极  相似文献   

Growth and reproduction of the bivalve Spisula subtruncata (da Costa) in Dutch coastal waters     

Joana F.M.F. Cardoso  Johannes IJ. Witte  Henk W. van der Veer 《Journal of Sea Research》2007,57(4):316-324

The bivalve Spisula subtruncata is usually abundant in shallow coastal waters along the Dutch coast. However, its biomass has been decreasing since 1995. In order to assess whether reproductive failure may be the cause of the observed decline over the last decades, the energy investment in reproduction of a population of S. subtruncata from central Dutch coastal waters was studied. The population studied consisted of individuals of up to four years old. Shell length reached maximum values of around 32 mm and individual total body, somatic and gonadal ash-free dry mass reached maximum values of about 278 mg AFDM, 252 mg AFDM and 76 mg AFDM, respectively. A clear seasonal cycle in somatic and gonadal mass was observed. Somatic and gonadal mass indices increased in early spring and reached maximum values during summer, followed by a decrease to minimum values at the beginning of the following year. Spawning was in June–July and settlement of spat seems to have occurred in July–August. Mean oocyte diameter was 57.43 ± 0.03 μm, corresponding to a volume of 98972 μm³. These results suggested that reproductive failure was not the cause of the current population decline. Most likely, unsuccessful settlement of spat and/or severe predation during the first months of life were responsible for the observed patterns.  相似文献   

Effects of pulsed nutrient inputs on phytoplankton assemblage structure and blooms in an enclosed coastal area   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Sofie Spatharis  George Tsirtsis  Daniel B. Danielidis  Thang Do Chi  David Mouillot   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):807-815

The response of phytoplankton assemblage structure to terrestrial nutrient inputs was examined for the Gulf of Kalloni in the Northern Aegean Sea, a productive semi-enclosed coastal marine ecosystem. The study was focused on a typical annual cycle, and emphasis was placed on the comparative analysis between blooms developing after significant nutrient inputs from the watershed, and naturally occurring blooms. Baseline information was collected on a monthly basis from a network of stations located in the oligotrophic open sea and the interior and more productive part of the embayment. Intensive sampling was also carried out along a gradient in the vicinity of a river which was the most important source of freshwater and nutrient input for the Gulf. Phytoplankton assemblage structure was analyzed from 188 samples using diversity indices (Shannon and Average Taxonomic Distinctness), multivariate plotting methods (NMDS), multivariate statistics (PERMANOVA), and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Three characteristic assemblages were recognized: (1) an autumn assemblage developed under nutrient depleted conditions, having low diversity due to the dominance of two small diatoms, (2) a winter bloom of the potentially toxic species Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha occurring immediately after a nutrient peak and characterized by very low diversity, and (3) a naturally occurring early summer bloom of centric diatoms with relatively high diversity. The results of the study support the view that moderate nutrient inputs may have a beneficial effect on the functioning of coastal ecosystems, stimulating the taxonomic diversity through the growth of different taxonomic groups and taxa. On the other hand, a sudden pulse of high nutrient concentrations may greatly affect the natural succession of organisms, have a negative effect on the diversity through the dominance of a single species, and can increase the possibility of a harmful algal bloom development.  相似文献   

塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铬     

杨秀环  李攻科  唐宝英  张展霞 《热带海洋学报》1991,(3)

海水基体对Cr有增感作用。本文研究了抗坏血酸、柠檬酸三铵、酒石酸、乙酸铵等有机基体改进剂对消除基体干扰效果。前二者均有效地消除基体干扰,但1％抗坏血酸 1％柠檬酸三铵混合试剂的效果更好,它不仅可以消除基体干扰,还可降低背景及噪声,Cr的吸收峰也较平滑。本法准确,相对偏差在0.7—4.4％范围内。回收率在92—109％范围内。若海水Cr含量低于定量下限时,可采用多次进样法。  相似文献