长江沿线样带农村宅基地转型   总被引：49，自引：3，他引：46  

龙花楼  李秀彬 《地理学报》2005,60(2):179-188

利用样带这一综合与集成研究的工具,选取无论是在社会经济发展程度还是自然环境要素变化等方面都存在明显梯度的长江沿线样带为研究区,采用横向比较的研究方法,基于一定的理论假设,研究了区内的农村宅基地转型。研究表明：1987~2001年研究区根据土地利用变化的聚集度指数划分的各区段农村宅基地在建设用地增加中所占比例总体上看,从上游至下游,从甘孜-玉树区到泸州-迪庆区、恩施-重庆区、铜陵-宜昌区直至上海-巢湖区,这一比例逐渐降低;长江沿线样带各区段所处的农村宅基地转型阶段与样带内各区段所处的经济发展水平相吻合,基本上验证了此前的理论假设。据此,目前由各省 (区、市) 自行制定农村宅基地标准不利于实现土地的集约利用,国家应根据区域经济发展水平和自然条件的差异分区、分类制定农村宅基地标准。针对研究区目前农村宅基地的发展现状,根据区域农村宅基地转型阶段提出了相应的管理对策。  相似文献   

西太湖沉积物污染的地球化学记录及对比研究   总被引：17，自引：4，他引：13  

刘恩峰  沈吉  朱育新 《地理科学》2005,25(1):102-107

通过对西太湖MS、DLS沉积短岩芯中金属元素、营养指标的对比分析,讨论了西太湖近80年来的元素地球化学演化特征。结果表明,20世纪40年代以前,西太湖沉积物中元素为自然来源;40~70年代末期,除北部Hg、TP受到人为污染之外,其余元素仍主要为自然来源;70年代末期以来,重金属元素人为污染逐渐加重,湖泊营养程度升高。西太湖北部沉积物中Pb、Zn、Mn、Ni、As污染开始于20世纪70年代末期,Hg污染开始于40年代初期;与北部相比,南部沉积物重金属污染历史较短,Pb、Zn污染开始于70年代末期,As、Mn、Ni、Hg污染开始于80年代中期~末期。西太湖北部、南部沉积物中TN、TOC含量70年代末期以来开始增加,C/N比值增大,有机质外源输入比例增加。西太湖北部沉积物中TP含量自40年代初期以来逐渐增加,受到人为污染;南部TP含量在40~70年代略高,但无明显的人为污染特征。  相似文献   

Reliability of X-band Dual-polarization Phased Array Radars Through Comparison with an S-band Dual-polarization Doppler Radar     

周芯玉  胡东明  张羽  李浩文  田聪聪 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2022,28(2):218-236

Based on the observations of a squall line on 11 May 2020 and stratiform precipitation on 6 June 2020 from two X-band dual-polarization phased array weather radars(DP-PAWRs) and an S-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radar(CINRAD/SA-D), the data reliability of DP-PAWR and its ability to detect the fine structures of mesoscale weather systems were assessed. After location matching, the observations of DP-PAWR and CINRAD/SA-D were compared in terms of reflectivity(ZH), radial velocity(V), dif...  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1985,37(1):104-132

Books Reviewed in this article: Lob Trees in the Wilderness . Clifford and Isabel Ahlgren . Satellite Microwave Remote Sensing . T. D. Allan , ed. Sunbelt Cities: Politics and Growth Since World War II . Richard M. Bernard and Bradley R. Rice , eds. Legacy of Minneapolis: Preservation Amid Change . John R. Borchert , David Gebhard , David Lanegran , and Judith A. Martin . Bloomington, MN: Preparing a Historic Preservation Ordinance. Richard J. Roddewig . The Mountains of Northeastern Tasmania, A Study of Alpine Geomorphology . Nel Caine . Introductory Cartography . John Campbell . Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Changing Climate . Manual of Remote Sensing, Second Edition . 2 Vols. Robert N. Colwell , ed.-in-chief; David S. Simonett and John E. Estes , vol. eds. Remote Sensing in Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology . A. P. Cracknell , ed. Multidimensional Scaling . Mark L. Davison . Environmental Karst . Percy H. Dougherty , ed. The Urban Environment . Ian Douglas . Geomorphology of Europe . Clifford Embleton , ed. An Introduction to South Asia . B. H. Farmer . Great Geological Controversies . A. Hallam . Hazardous Waste Management: In Whose Backyard? Michalann Harthill , ed. Energy for Subsistence . Margaret Haswell . Perspective on Ratzel's Political Geography . James M. Hunter . Economic Deposits and their Tectonic Setting . Charles S. Hutchison . Energy Risk Assessment . Herbert Inhaber . Discovering the Vernacular Landscape . John Brinckerhoff Jackson . Climate and Energy Systems: A Review of Their Interactions . Jill Jäger . Dilemmas in Regional Policy . Antoni Kuklinski and J. G. Lambooy , eds. California Farmland: A History of Large Agricultural Landholdings . Ellen Liebman . The Spatial Organization of New Land Settlement in Latin America . Jacob O. Maos . Dark Continent: Africa as Seen by Americans . Michael McCarthy . Westport, CT: Climatology: An Introduction . John E. Oliver and John J. Hidore . Columbus, OH: The Geography of Warfare . Patrick O'Sullivan and Jesse W. Miller . The Expanding City. Essays in Honour of Professor Jean Gottmann . John Patten , ed. Scotland's Environment During the Last 30,000 Years . Robert J. Price . Integrated Urban Models . S. H. Putman . Development and the Environmental Crisis: Red or Green Alternatives? Michael Redclift .  相似文献   

中国外商直接投资的地域结构研究   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  

焦华富 《地理研究》1997,16(3):32-38

改革开放以来,我国引进外资工作取得了较大进展。然而,外资地域分布的不平衡,成为导致区域经济发展水平差距拉大的一个重要原因。如何改善外资地域分布结构,成为各界关注的焦点之一。文中采用定量和定性相结合的方法,研究了中国外资地球分布的现状及特点,分析了外资地域分布的动态变化趋势,并在此基础上提出若干改善外资地域分布结构的举措。  相似文献   

Uranus and Neptune interior models     

C. Z. Zhang 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1996,75(1):17-24

This paper is concerned with the interior structure of Uranus and Neptune. Our approach is three-fold. First, a set of three-layer models for both Uranus and Neptune are constructed using a method similar to that used in the study of the terrestrial planets. The variations of the mass density (s) and flattening e(s) with fractional mean radius s for two representative models of Uranus and Neptune are calculated. The results are tabulated. A comparison of these models shows that these two planets are probably very similar to each other in their basic dynamical features. Such similarity is very seldom seen in our solar system. Secondly, we check the conformance between the theoretical results and observational data for the two planets. And thirdly, the 6th degree Stokes zonal parameters for Uranus and for Neptune are predicted, based on the interior models put forward in this paper.  相似文献   

2014年云南鲁甸地震触发地质灾害发育分布规律及与景谷、盈江地震对比研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

殷志强  徐永强  陈红旗  撒兰鹏  姜兴武 《地质学报》2016,90(6):1086-1097

2014年8月3日16时30分,云南省鲁甸县龙头山镇Ms 6.5级地震造成617人死亡,触发1700多处崩塌滑坡等地质灾害点,同年,该省又发生了Ms 6.6级景谷地震和Ms 6.1级盈江地震。笔者在对鲁甸等3次地震区次生地质灾害现场调查和遥感解译的基础上,研究了鲁甸地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律,首次提出了地震“干滑坡”的概念,并从震级、地形地貌、活动构造、人口密度等多个方面对比了鲁甸地震、景谷地震和盈江地震触发地质灾害的异同点。主要结论有：（1）鲁甸地震后新增地质灾害数量显著增加,其主要分布在水系的深切峡谷区,表现为“干滑坡”特征;（2）大型、特大型崩塌滑坡灾害点主要受活动断裂控制;（3）地震地质灾害的发育特征与地貌高程和微地貌具有很好的响应关系;（4）鲁甸震区的地形坡度明显大于景谷和盈江震区,地形坡度是鲁甸地震区地质灾害发育的主要控制因素;（5）我国西南高山峡谷区的断层、河流、阶地和城镇是相互依存,不可分割的地质环境载体,震后房屋选址、重建规划不仅要注意房屋抗震问题,还应充分考虑地质环境安全问题。  相似文献   

自动观测与人工观测相对湿度比对分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

茆佳佳  莫月琴  张雪芬  阳艳红  郭然  胡树贞 《应用气象学报》2016,27(3):370-379

为了确定现有相对湿度自动观测与人工观测数据是否具有可比较性以及它们之间的偏差情况,利用全国保留人工观测的8个国家基准气候站2007—2013年的自动与人工观测相对湿度的整点资料进行比对分析,结果表明:自动气象站相对湿度的观测结果系统性低于人工观测结果,且随着相对湿度增加,两者系统偏差增大,系统偏差为-5.69%~-0.1%,标准偏差为2.02%~4.71%;夏季自动观测与人工观测相对湿度的差异最大且与环境风速有关,在低风速下自动观测与人工观测差异较大,随着风速增大,差异逐渐减小;气温对相对湿度观测也有一定影响;两类观测逐小时数据未见明显的时间差异;自动观测与人工观测相对湿度偏差,清晨相对湿度较高时高湿地区台站偏差较大,下午相对湿度低时偏差较小。  相似文献   

新阈值及阈值函数的评价和变形预测实验     

张俊鑫 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(7):195-197

变形监测数据是判断对象是否会发生异常变化的重要依据,但实测数据会被带入噪声,将隐藏其实际变化规律。本文利用含有高斯白噪声的信号来评价两种新的阈值及阈值函数的去噪效果,并评价两种新的阈值及阈值函数在提高预测精度方面的效果。实验表明,较传统的硬/软阈值函数,两种新阈值及阈值函数的去噪效果更优,而且该组合方法提高了预测的可靠性和精度。  相似文献   

Metropolitan land-use patterns by economic function: a spatial analysis of firm headquarters and branch office locations in Australian cities   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Thomas Sigler  Glen Searle  Kirsten Martinus  Matthew Tonts 《Urban geography》2016,37(3):416-435

This paper develops a comparative means by which to understand metropolitan spatial structure through the dynamics of economic activities. Clustering and suburbanization have been key processes within the contemporary urban landscape, but few scholarly accounts have systematically merged the two to explain the geographies of economic activity. Using firm location as a variable to discern sector- and industry-based locational requirements, we explore land-use and economic activity in Australia’s five largest metropolitan areas. Drawing upon the respective headquarters and branch office locations of a set of publically traded firms, we seek to establish general spatial patterns across Australian cities using two proxy measures for clustering and suburbanization, being well-established drivers of firm locational choice. Despite the complexity that post-industrial and suburbanizing processes add to metropolitan land-use patterns, we contend that certain patterns exist that can be generalized from one context to another across urban space, and that certain emerging trends such as the development of CBD-fringe precincts merit greater attention.  相似文献