太平洋海山磷酸盐的锶同位素成分及形成年代   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9  

潘家华  刘淑琴  杨忆  刘学清 《矿床地质》2002,21(4):350-355

作者首次对太平洋不同海山上对富钴结壳伴生的各种产状的磷酸盐的锶同位素成分及其形成年代进行了深入研究。研究表明，我国调查区磷酸盐的^87Sr/^86Sr比值变化于0.70766至0.70842之间，形成年代相当于距今21Ma至39.5Ma。磷酸盐化作用主要发生在晚始新世-早新新世及晚渐新世-早中新世期间。西、中太平洋磷酸盐形成年代的一致性揭示，自晚始新世至早中新世，在太平洋水下海山上曾发生过广泛的磷酸盐化作用，磷酸盐的形成是古海洋环境变迁的一个重要反映。  相似文献   

透视圆锥投影的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘宏林  吕晓华等 《测绘学院学报》2001,18(4):300-302,306

分析了获取透视圆锥投影的原理和方法，推导出了透视切，割圆锥投影的一般公式，给出了透视切，割圆锥投影的几个特例，并对各种圆锥投 影的变形进行了比较分析。结果表明，透视圆锥投影用于小比例尺地图的制作是可行的。  相似文献   

Geological and petrologic evolution of seamounts near the EPR based on submersible and camera study     

Rodey Batiza  Terri L. Smith  Yaoling Niu 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1989,11(3):169-236

Observations from 17 ALVIN dives and 14 ANGUS runs plus laboratory study of basalt samples collected with ALVIN help to constrain the morphologic, volcanic and petrologic evolution of four seamounts near the East Pacific Rise (EPR). Comparison among the four volcanoes provides evidence for a general pattern of near-EPR seamount evolution and shows the importance of sedimentation, mass wasting, hydrothermal activity and other geologic processes that occur on submerged oceanic volcanoes. Seamount 5, closest to the EPR (1.0 Ma) is the youngest seamount and may still be active. Its summit is covered by fresh lavas, recent faults and hydrothermal deposits. Seamount D is on crust 1.55 Ma and is inactive; like seamount 5, it has a breached caldera and is composed exclusively of N-MORB. Seamounts 5 and D represent the last stages of growth of typical N-MORB-only seamounts near the EPR axis. Seamounts 6 and 7 have bumpy, flattish summits composed of transitional and alkalic lavas. These lavas probably represent caldera fillings and caps overlying an edifice composed of N-MORB. Evolution from N-MORB-only cratered edifices to the alkalic stage does not occur on all near-EPR seamounts and may be favored by location on structures with relative-motion-parallel orientation.  相似文献   

桥台地基附加竖向压应力通用计算公式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨奇  冷伍明  邓宗伟  聂如松 《岩土力学》2008,29(3):833-837

台后路堤及锥体将在桥台地基中产生附加竖向压应力,它是桥台设计中计算桥台不均匀沉降、桥台前移、桥台桩基侧压力和挠度的关键参数。根据有关力学原理,推导了任一宽度台后路基及锥体引起桥台地基附加竖向压应力的计算公式,解决了现有规范中计算桥台基底附加竖向压力方法只适用于单线铁路路基和查表内插易产生误差的缺点,并易于利用计算机编制程序进行计算。  相似文献   

Phylogeography of Acesta clams from submarine seamounts and escarpments along the western margin of North America     

Gillian E. Clague  William Joe Jones  Jennifer B. Paduan  David A. Clague  Robert C. Vrijenhoek 《Marine Ecology》2012,33(1):75-87

Genetic connectivity and habitat characteristics were examined in two species of Acesta clams (Bivalvia: Limidae) from submarine seamounts and continental slopes along the western North America margin. Two species were identified from dive videos obtained with submarine remotely operated vehicles that surveyed a 2200‐km range between 27° and 46° N latitude. Acesta sphoni was only found at shallower habitats (545–860 m depth) in the southern part of this range, whereas Acesta mori was more abundant and widely distributed in deeper habitats (1029–1996 m). Both species occurred on seamounts and on the walls of submarine canyons and continental slopes. Segregation of these species by depth exposes them to correlated differences in water temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Ninety‐eight individuals sampled from seven seamounts and one escarpment locality were characterized with DNA‐barcodes based on 643 base pairs of mitochondrial cytochrome‐c ‐oxidase subunit I (COI). Further analysis of these sequences revealed no significant geographical subdivision across the sampled range. This lack of differentiation suggests ongoing genetic exchange between the seamount populations and those possibly distributed along the continental margins. Examination of regional bathymetric profiles suggested that an abundance of suitable habitat might exist along these margins.  相似文献   

A mathematical model for orientation data from macroscopic elliptical conical folds     

D. Kelker  C. W. Langenberg 《Mathematical Geology》1987,19(8):729-743

An iterative least-squares technique to fit circular and elliptical conical surfaces to orientation data from folds is presented. A statistical model is used which assumes that each data point is an observation from a Fisher distribution. The mean of this distribution is assumed to lie on the curve to be fitted. Estimates of variances and covariances for the fitting parameters are calculated, and confidence intervals for the cone axis and half apical angle are estimated from variances and covariances. A normal test with null hypothesis that the cone angle is 90° determines if a conical model fits the data better than a cylindrical model. AnF test is used to determine whether an elliptical cone is a better model than a circular cone. In this fashion, macroscopic folds are classified into cylindrical, circular conical, or elliptical conical folds. Examples of these three types of fold are given. The Wynd Syncline near Jasper, Alberta is the first natural elliptical conical fold described as such.  相似文献   

锥体冰力的实验研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

史庆增黄焱  宋安孙振平  李桐魁 《海洋工程》2004,22(1):88-92

通过冰力模型试验,研究了锥体冰力的特征和锥间距对冰力的影响。试验发现冰在正-倒锥交界线上的破坏为挤压破坏;根据试验数据给出了冰在双锥前的非同时破坏系数。  相似文献   

FY-3微波成像仪遥感图像地理定位方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

关敏  杨忠东 《遥感学报》2009,13(3):469-482

MWRI (MicroWave Radiation Imager) is one of the payloads on our next generation polar meteorological satellite FY-3. MWRI conically scans with a fixed incident angle on the earth surface. It is the first time for Chinese remote sensor to use this scan mode. In this work, we present a geolocation method for FY-3 MWRI’s remote sensing image based on its special scan geometry. The integrated coordinate systems and the specific relationships with these coordinate systems are defined. A spatial relationship model between the remote sensing data and the earth-based coordinate system is established. This method also includes an algorithm of satellite orbit computation, which is used to get the satellite’s instantaneous velocity vector from its position. This method has been applied to MWRI’s remote sensing image geolocation. The results show that the accuracy of this method can achieve 1 pixel. The 33 GCPs (Ground Control Points) which are in the regiones of FY-3 MWRI’s observation have been collected and used to analyze the precision of the geolocation. By statistical analysis, the error along-track is about 1.5km, and the error along-scan is about 3.0km. It is obvious that this method fulfills the requirement of precision for FY-3 MWRI whose space resolution exceeds 5km.  相似文献   

Experimental Study in Reaction Thrust Characteristics of Water Jet for Conical Nozzle     

黄国勤  李晓辉  朱玉泉  聂松林 《海洋工程》2009,(4):669-678

Water jet thruster, which is a marine system that creates a jet of water for propulsion, has several advantages such as low noise, good anti-cavitation characteristics and maneuvering characteristics. The reaction thrust characteristics of water jet for conical nozzles directly determine the speed of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV). Theoretical, numerical and experimental studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of the nozzle geometries as well as inlet conditions on the reaction thrust of water jet in this paper. The results show that: 1) the reaction thrust is proportional to inlet pressure, the square of flow rate and 2/3 power exponent of input power; 2) the diameter of cylinder column for conical nozzle has great influence on the reaction thrust characteristics; 3) the best values of the half cone angle and the cylinder column length exist to make the reaction thrust coefficient to reach maximum under the same inlet conditions．Those provide a basis for nozzles design and jave significant value, especially for developing high performance and efficiency water jet propulsion unit.  相似文献