集成于方箱防波堤的双气室振荡水柱波能装置转换效率研究     

郭权势  邓争志  万占鸿 《海洋工程》2022,40(2):106-117

为实现建造、运行和维护等方面的资源共享,将振荡水柱(oscillating water column,简称OWC)波能转换装置与现有海工结构集成耦合,已成为目前海洋波浪能转换利用的热点问题。以集成于方箱防波堤的双气室OWC装置为研究对象,借助开源代码平台OpenFOAM和造/消波工具箱waves2Foam,采用流体体积法(VOF)捕捉自由面和6自由度(6DOF)动网格求解器模拟垂荡运动响应,对在不同规则波作用下,中墙相对宽度、中墙相对吃水对装置波能转换效率及水动力特性的影响进行数值研究。结果表明,较大的中墙相对宽度能够增强装置的波能转换效率(ξ_total(max)=73%)、降低结构物的相对垂荡位移并对装置前后气室内水柱的振荡幅度与压强变化产生影响;增加中墙相对吃水能显著提高气室在中高频波段波能提取效率(ξ_total(max)=78%),并显著拓宽气室的高效频率带宽(0.9≤ω²h/g≤2.2)。  相似文献   

Patterns of Irrigated Agricultural Land Conversion in a Western U.S. Watershed: Implications for Landscape-Level Water Management and Land-Use Planning     

J. Mark Baker  Yvonne Everett  Lora Liegel  Rob Van Kirk 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(11):1145-1160

In irrigated agricultural landscapes, land-use conversion may have landscape-level social, hydrological, and ecological effects. We used geographic information systems (GIS) and interviews to analyze development effects on irrigation in the Henry's Fork Watershed, Idaho. Farmers developed irrigation there in the 19th century, and incidental recharge from canal seepage and flood irrigation raised groundwater levels and expanded wetlands. Cohesive culture in agricultural communities sustained irrigation systems until amenity-driven demographic shifts beginning in the 1970s led to development approved by local governments with land-use planning but no water-management authority. Although only 5% of irrigated land has been converted, development has fragmented irrigated landscapes and made canal-system operation more difficult, potentially reducing groundwater levels, wetland extent, and return flows critical to downstream irrigators and fish and wildlife. We discuss future scenarios, highlighting the need for increased communication among local and state governments regarding land use and water management in irrigated landscapes across the West.  相似文献   

平原农区典型县域土地非农化对乡村系统的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方方  刘彦随  李裕瑞  梁昊光 《地理科学进展》2014,33(10)

科学揭示土地非农化与乡村发展之间的作用机理是促进城乡一体化健康发展的必然需求.本文选取了平原农区典型县域山东省禹城市和桓台县作为研究区,通过分析不同发展阶段县域土地非农化与乡村系统演化特征,剖析了县域土地非农化对乡村系统的影响.结果表明:随着县域经济由低级向高级阶段演进,土地非农化的规模与比重呈现增长态势,乡村系统整体处于正向演化态势,禹城市和桓台县E指数分别由0.295和0.197增至0.798与0.700.土地非农化对乡村系统的影响是一个由弱变强的过程,土地非农化比重的增加会带来乡村一些要素的剧烈变化,其中,乡村经济子系统与社会子系统对土地非农化过程的敏感性较强.构建乡村人口转移与农地规模经营的保障机制,规范土地利用规划与管理,增强县域辐射能力,是平原农区土地非农化与乡村转型发展的调控重点.  相似文献   

An algorithm for converting weather radar data into GIS polygons and its application in severe weather warning systems     

Haibo Hu 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(9):1765-1780

An algorithm was developed for converting radar data from matrix format into polygons that can be easily visualized, processed, and analyzed using Geographic Information Systems. Spatial operators can be used to overlap radar polygons with land surface features represented by points, lines, and polygons to meet the demands of severe weather identification and tracking and risk recognition. Application and testing of the algorithm demonstrate that the converted radar polygons are suitable for use in weather modification, risk assessments of flash floods in urban areas, and the identification of lightning activity for lightning risk recognition, all of which are essential in real-time severe weather monitoring and warning.  相似文献   

On a near-optimal control approach for a wave energy converter in irregular waves     

《Applied Ocean Research》2014

Real-time smooth reactive control and optimal damping of wave energy converters in irregular waves is difficult in part because the radiation impulse response function is real and causal, which constrains the frequency-dependent added mass and radiation damping according to the Kramers–Kronig relations. Optimal control for maximum energy conversion requires independent synthesis of the impulse response functions corresponding to these two quantities. Since both are non-causal (one being odd and other even), full cancellation of reactive forces and matching of radiation damping requires knowledge or estimation of device velocity into the future. To address this difficulty and the non-causality of the exciting force impulse response function, this paper investigates the use of propagating-wave surface elevation up-wave of the device to synthesize the necessary forces. Long-crested waves are assumed, and the approach is based on the formulations of Naito and Nakamura [2] and Falnes [22]. A predominantly heaving submerged device comprised of three vertically stacked discs driving a linear power take-off is studied. The overall formulation leads to smooth control that is near-optimal, given the approximations involved in the time-shifting of the non-causal impulse response functions and the consequent up-wave distances at which wave surface elevation is required. Absorbed power performance with the near-optimal approach is compared with two other cases, (i) when single-frequency tuning is used based on non-real time adjustment of the reactive and resistive loads to maximize conversion at the spectral peak frequency, and (ii) when no control is applied with damping set to a constant value. Simulation results for wave spectra over a range of energy periods and significant wave heights are compared for the three situations studied. While practical implementation presents engineering challenges, in terms of time-averaged absorbed power, unconstrained near-optimal control is found to perform significantly better than single-frequency tuning in the spectra with longer energy periods (>10 s for the present device), and somewhat better in the spectra with shorter energy periods (here ≤10 s).  相似文献   

直驱式波浪能转换系统的研究和性能优化     

CHEN Zhongxian  YU Haitao  HU Minqiang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(9):178-183

A direct-drive wave energy conversion system based on a three-phase permanent magnet tubular linear generator （PMTLG） and a heaving buoy is proposed to convert wave energy into electrical energy. Sufficient experimental methods are adopted to compare the computer simulations, the validity of which is verified by the experiment results from a wave tank laboratory. In the experiment, the motion curves of heaving buoy are with small fluctuations, mainly caused by the PMTLG＇s detent force. For the reduction of these small fluctuations and a maximum operational efficiency of the direct-drive wave energy conversion system, the PMTLG＇s detent force minimization technique and the heaving buoy optimization will be discussed. It is discovered that the operational efficiency of the direct-drive wave energy conversion system increases dramatically after optimization. The experiment and optimization results will provide useful reference for the future research on ocean wave energy conversion system.  相似文献   

基于多项式曲面拟合模型的高程转换方法及其结果分析     

陈安平  李红伟  谢刚生  姚朝龙  谢辉荣 《测绘通报》2022,(10):114

本文针对影响多项式高程转换精度的两个主要因素(拟合模型选择和拟合点选取),在分析不同阶次多项式表达特征的基础上,基于一次多项式拟合残差信息,提出了综合不同多项式曲面模型的GNSS高程转换方法,并通过实例验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明,利用一次多项式拟合残差空间分布信息反映的测区高程异常变化特征,作为二次多项式分区拟合区域划分或三次多项式拟合点选取的依据,进行高程拟合,可以将高程拟合精度从厘米级提高至毫米级。  相似文献   

CORS环境下GPS RTK测量时的坐标系统及相互转换     

袁斌 《北京测绘》2014,(1):84-87

GPS定位技术已经被广泛地运用并发展成为一个真正的三维测量工具。GPS CORS系统是GPS的连续运行参考站,是在一个城市、一个地区、或一个国家范围内,根据要求按一定距离间隔,建立常年连续运行的若干个固定GNSS参考站,组成的网络系统。本文通过对GPSRTK测量中遇到的不同坐标系统的分析,阐明了不同坐标系统之间数据转换的本质。结合在生产中使用的GPSRTK设备,说明了WGS-84坐标系向地方坐标系转换的一般过程和注意事项;对GPSRTK测量中遇到的不同坐标系统,进行理论上和实践上的研究,达到了预期效果,掌握了中海达V8GNSS RTK接收机在GPSRTK测量中的使用问题。  相似文献   

AutoCAD 及 MapGIS 软件二次开发实现南方 CASS 与 MapGIS 数据转换     

陈盼芳  姚辉 《东北测绘》2014,(4):139-141

简要介绍在全国第二次土地调查（城镇部分）工作中,运用Visual C＃程序语言、AutoCAD和MapGIS软件的二次开发技术,实现了南方CASS数据和MapGIS数据的无缝转换。  相似文献   

基于GIS数据转换在专题地图制作中的应用方法研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡静波  陈永晶  白延玲 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(10):164-165

阐述如何将GIS数据成果应用到专题地图生产中,发挥其空间数据库与属性数据库的特点优势,为经济建设和社会可持续性发展发挥重要作用。  相似文献