Predicting size effect on diffusion-limited current density of oxygen reduction by copper wire     

芦永红  徐海波  王佳  钟莲 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(1)

The size effect of copper wire radius (0.04–0.82 mm) on the diffusion-limited current density of an oxygen reduction reaction in stagnant simulated seawater (naturally aerated 0.5 mol/L NaCl) is investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and compared with the results obtained in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. In the oxygen diffusion-limited range, size effect is found to occur independent of electrolytes, which is attributed to non-linear diffusion. Additionally, to sati...  相似文献   

Compaction of a Rock Fracture Moderated by Competing Roles of Stress Corrosion and Pressure Solution   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hideaki Yasuhara  Derek Elsworth 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2008,165(7):1289-1306

Unusually rapid closure of stressed fractures, observed in the initial stages of loading and at low temperatures, is examined using models for subcritical crack growth and pressure solution. The model for stress corrosion examines tensile stress concentrations induced at the Hertzian contact of propping fracture asperities, and mediates fracture growth according to a kinetic rate law. Conversely, pressure solution is described by the rate-limiting process of dissolution, resulting from the elevated stresses realized at the propping asperity contact. Both models are capable of following the observed compaction of fractures in novaculite. However, closure rates predicted for stress corrosion cracking are orders of magnitudes faster than those predicted for pressure dissolution. For consistent kinetic parameters, predictions from stress corrosion better replicate experimental observations, especially in the short-term and at low temperature when mechanical effects are anticipated to dominate. Rates and magnitudes of both stress corrosion and pressure solution are dependent on stresses exerted over propping asperities. Rates of closure due to stress corrosion cracking are shown to be always higher than for pressure solution, except where stress corrosion ceases as contact areas grow, and local stresses drop below an activation threshold. A simple rate law is apparent for the progress of fracture closure, defined in terms of a constant and an exponent applied to the test duration. For current experimental observations, this rate law is shown to replicate early progress data, and shows promise to define the evolution of transport properties of fractures over extended durations.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地周边地区野外溶蚀试验结果讨论   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

梁永平  王维泰  段光武 《中国岩溶》2007,26(4):315-320

2003到2004年,在国土资源部地质调查项目“鄂尔多斯盆地地下水勘查”工作中,作者在鄂尔多斯盆地周边地区建立了8个野外溶蚀试验站,采用不同岩石的600多枚试片开展了为期1年的野外溶蚀试验观测。通过试验并结合前人的野外溶蚀试验成果分析,得出了如下几个重要的结论: ( 1)试验区灰岩较白云岩的溶蚀量大20%以上; ( 2)与我国南方的试验结果相反,即北方土下碳酸盐岩样品溶蚀量远远小于地上样品的溶蚀量; ( 3)从华北到西北存在一个碳酸盐岩样品由溶蚀变为沉淀的地带;同理,从我国北方碳酸盐岩样品土下溶蚀量小于地上溶蚀量到南方土下溶蚀量大于地上溶蚀量区域变化过程中,又存在土下与地上溶蚀量接近的地带,这两个地带是控制我国现代岩溶作用机制的重要分界线,对岩溶地貌的发育与演化研究具有重要意义。   相似文献   

油田污水管道设备污损分析     

陈学政  韩冰 《海洋科学》2005,29(7):65-68

根据实践经验并参考近10年来的文献,从工程技术角度分析了原油处理厂处理油田采出水时遇到的腐蚀和结垢问题,从污水水质、腐蚀形态和污垢形成3个方面阐述了管道设备污损现状和原因,并分别从应用耐蚀材料、阴极保护技术、改变水质和提高工程质量4个方面提出了应对方案。  相似文献   

济南典型地区地基土污染腐蚀性质变异研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

李相然  姚志祥  曹振斌 《岩土力学》2004,25(8):1229-1233

随着城市化进程加快,济南市面临日益严重的环境岩土工程问题。以济南市典型地区的地基土为研究对象,在室内开展了水-土化学作用的物理力学效应实验,在现场对已经污染腐蚀的地基原状土样进行了物理力学性质实验。结果表明,地基土腐蚀后其物理力学性质有显著地变化。遭受污染腐蚀的地基土和无腐蚀的地基土相比,前者液塑限和压缩模量减小,液性指数和压缩系数增大。  相似文献   

海水中钢铁腐蚀与环境因素的灰关联分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

朱相荣  张启富 《海洋科学》2000,24(5):37-40

应用灰关联分析方法解析了海水环境因素与钢铁腐蚀的关系。根据灰关联度的计算 ,在诸海水环境因素中找出影响碳钢、低合金钢在海水中局部腐蚀深度及平均腐蚀率的主要影响因素 ,分析结果与现场试验结果较为吻合  相似文献   

Al_2O_3-SiC-C砖渣静态侵蚀后的显微结构分析     

李继铮  徐国涛  杜鹤桂 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1999,(4)

铁水预处理用鱼雷罐、铁水罐的炉衬多为Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＣＣ砖,随着铁水脱硫量的加大,耐火材料的侵蚀也较严重。而现在由于市场需要钢水中的磷含量要求较低,脱磷处理过程中由于国外多采用氧化铁系脱磷剂,氧化亚铁对石墨的氧化很大,对炉衬侵蚀也大,这就要求对Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＣＣ砖的性能进行改进以适宜工艺需要。国内对脱磷的研究较少,实际生产对铁水进行脱磷处理的厂家也很少。为探讨脱硫、磷剂对耐火材料的影响,本文对不同脱硫、磷剂侵蚀Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＣＣ砖后的残砖的显微结构进行了分析,探讨了铝碳化硅碳砖的侵蚀原…  相似文献   

C60全珊瑚海水混凝土的钢筋锈蚀行为研究     

李森林  余红发  达波  麻海燕  吴烨  吴彰钰  郭建博 《海洋工程》2021,39(3):135-140

采用线性极化电阻法,测试了C60全珊瑚海水混凝土（coral aggregate seawater concrete,简称CASC）的线性极化曲线、自腐蚀电位（E_corr）和极化电阻（R_p）,研究了不同暴露时间、不同种类钢筋CASC的钢筋腐蚀行为,提出了提升岛礁CASC结构耐久性的建议措施。结果表明：随着暴露时间的延长,CASC的E_corr和R_p均逐渐降低,钢筋的耐蚀性能逐渐减弱。不同种类钢筋CASC耐蚀性能规律为：316不锈钢筋优于有机新涂层钢筋,优于普通钢筋。即使暴露0 d,CASC中普通钢筋仍会发生锈蚀,表明普通钢筋在不附加任何防腐措施的条件下不适用于岛礁CASC结构。综合分析阻锈效果和成本因素,316不锈钢筋的性价比明显低于有机新涂层钢筋,建议岛礁CASC工程优先选用有机新涂层钢筋。  相似文献   

Time-variant fragility analysis of the bridge system considering time-varying dependence among typical component seismic demands     

Song  Shuai  Qian  Yongjiu  Liu  Jing  Xie  Xiaorui  Wu  Gang 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2019,18(2):363-377

This paper presents a copula technique to develop time-variant seismic fragility curves for corroded bridges at the system level and considers the realistic time-varying dependence among component seismic demands. Based on material deterioration mechanisms and incremental dynamic analysis, the time-evolving seismic demands of components were obtained in the form of marginal probability distributions. The time-varying dependences among bridge components were then captured with the best fitting copula function, which was selected from the commonly used copula classes by the empirical distribution based analysis method. The system time-variant fragility curves at different damage states were developed and the effects of time-varying dependences among components on the bridge system fragility were investigated. The results indicate the time-varying dependence among components significantly affects the time-variant fragility of the bridge system. The copula technique captures the nonlinear dependence among component seismic demands accurately and easily by separating the marginal distributions and the dependence among them.  相似文献   

海底地震动作用下近海桥梁地震响应研究          下载免费PDF全文

王德斌  刘驭  张蓬勃  陈宝魁  李敏  张皓 《世界地震工程》2019,35(3):063-72

以某近海大桥引桥段连续梁桥为工程背景,建立考虑海底地震动特性和腐蚀效应的近海桥梁地震反应分析模型。采用增量动力分析方法分析腐蚀效应以及海底地震动作用对近海桥梁地震响应的影响。研究结果表明:腐蚀效应与海底地震动作用都会不同程度影响近海桥梁结构的抗震性能。其中:腐蚀效应会增大近海桥梁的破坏指标,降低最大墩底剪力和弯矩值,从而降低桥梁的抗震性能;海底地震动作用会增大近海桥梁的破坏指标及最大墩底剪力、弯矩值;在2种因素耦合作用下,桥梁的抗震性能将会进一步降低。  相似文献