Occurrence of gonadtropins like substance in the thoracic ganglion mass of the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain(Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YEHaihui  HUANGHuiyang  WANGGuizhong  LIShaojing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(5):76-80

The identification and localization of vertebrate follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in crustaceans may further elucidate the regulation mechanisms in arthropod repro-duction.Using immunocytochemical staining techniques,this study has localized vertebrate FSH-like and LH-like substances in neurons in the subesophageal and thoracic ganglia from the thoracic ganglion mass (TGM) of Scylla paramamosain (Crustacea:Decapoda:Brachyura).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has shown that the concentrations of both FSH-and LH-like sub-stances increased markedly in the TGM during the vitellogenic stage compared with that in the previtellogenic stage.These results indicate that substances resembling the vertebrate FSH and LH are present in S.paramamosain,and they may be involved in the development of the ovary as well as in ovulation.  相似文献   

Damage to structures by pyroclastic flows and surges, inferred from nuclear weapons effects     

Greg A. Valentine 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1998,87(1-4)

In order to define the risk from explosive eruptions, one must constrain both the probability of explosive events and the effects, or consequences, of those events. This paper focuses on the effects of pyroclastic flows and surges (here termed ‘pyroclastic density currents', or PDCs) on buildings, infrastructure elements, and to some extent on vehicles. PDCs impart a lateral force to such structures in the form of dynamic pressure, which depends on the bulk density of the PDC (which in turn depends mainly on particle concentration) and its velocity. For reasonable ranges of particle concentration (10⁻³ to 0.5) and velocities (10 to 300 m/s), dynamic pressure on the upstream face of a structure ranges from 0.1 kPa to 10⁴ kPa. Lateral loads ranging up to about 100 kPa were produced during nuclear weapons tests in the 1940s and 1950s that were designed to study the effects of such loading on a variety of structures for civil defense and emergency response purposes in the event of nuclear war. Although considerable simplifications are involved, the data from these weapon tests provide useful analog information for understanding the effects of PDCs. I reviewed data from the nuclear tests, describing the expected damage from different loadings. Tables are provided that define the response of different structural elements (e.g., windows, framing, walls) and whole structures to loading in probabilistic terms, which in principle account for variations in construction quality, orientation, and other factors. Finally, damage documented from historical eruptions at Mt. Lamington (1951), Herculaneum (AD 79 Vesuvius eruption), and St. Pierre (1902 Mt. Pelee eruption) is reviewed. Damage patterns, combined with estimates of velocity, provide an independent estimate of particle concentration in the PDCs. Details of structural damage should be recorded and mapped around future eruptions in order to help refine this aspect of consequence analysis. Another fruitful approach would be to combine numerical simulations of eruption scenarios, which can produce simulated maps of dynamic pressure, with GIS-based data on structures for a given region; the result would be predictions of consequences that could be used for planning and emergency response training.  相似文献   

The basal ash deposit of the Sovana Eruption (Vulsini Volcanoes, central Italy): the product of a dilute pyroclastic density current     

D. M. Palladino  J. Taddeucci 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1998,87(1-4)

A low aspect ratio, decimeter-thick ash deposit, axisymmetrically distributed around the Latera Caldera (Western Vulsini Volcanoes, central Italy) has been studied by means of field and laboratory investigations. Field studies comprise facies analysis at centimeter scale and maximum clast size and deposit thickness measurements. Grain size and component distribution, chemical composition and particle morphoscopic features have been determined on selected samples. We discuss the co-ignimbrite ash fall vs. pyroclastic surge origin of the deposit and the hydrovolcanic vs. magmatic eruption nature. Complex facies association, textural features and grain size data rule out an ash fall origin for the whole deposit. The hydrovolcanic nature of the eruption has been discarded on the grounds of componentry and morphoscopic features of vitric fragments. We propose that the main body of the ash deposit formed from a radially expanding, dilute, turbulent pyroclastic density current, originated by a continuous collapse of a low-altitude (a few kilometers) eruptive column with a possible radial jet component.  相似文献   

重组鱼类生长激素对中国对虾成活率及促生长作用的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐斌  张培军  麦康森  徐永立  苗宏志 《海洋科学》2000,24(11):54-56

１１９９９９３３年年后后暴暴发发性性对对虾虾病病毒毒病病的的流流行行 ,,严严重重制制约约着着对对虾虾养养殖殖的的进进一一步步发发展展。。如如何何通通过过促促进进中中国国对对虾虾生生长长 ,,提提高高其其抗抗病病力力已已成成为为目目前前亟亟待待解解决决的的问问题题 ;;其其中中通通过过在在对对虾虾人人工工饵饵料料中中加加入入一一些些生生长长因因子子 ( (如如生生长长激激素素等等 ))或或满满足足对对虾虾的的各各种种营营养养需需求求 ,,提提高高中中国国对对虾虾的的生生长长速速度度与与抗抗病病力力是是解解决决这这…  相似文献   

饥饿胁迫对大黄鱼激素敏感性脂肪酶和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶mRNA表达及酶活性的影响     

钱宝英  黄红丽  李娟  曹明月  张玉  赵亚运  薛良义 《海洋学报》2018,40(12):31-39

激素敏感性脂肪酶（hormone sensitive lipase，HSL）和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（acetyl-CoA carboxylase，ACC）是脂代谢的关键酶，肌肉和肝脏是鱼类脂代谢的主要场所。为研究饥饿过程中这两种酶的作用，本实验采用实时荧光定量PCR技术以及ELISA技术检测了在35 d饥饿过程中这两种酶在大黄鱼肌肉和肝组织中mRNA表达水平和酶活性的变化。结果显示，饥饿胁迫显著降低大黄鱼肌肉和肝组织中脂肪含量，以及脂肪合成关键酶ACC mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）；显著提高脂肪分解关键酶HSL mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）。饥饿胁迫对肌肉和肝组织中HSL和ACC酶活性均有显著影响（P<0.05），肌肉和肝组织HSL （相关系数r分别为0.598 2和0.539 6）以及肌肉组织ACC酶活性（r=0.677 7）与对应mRNA表达水平呈中度正相关（0.5 < r < 0.8），但ACC酶活性在肝组织与其对应的mRNA表达量呈负相关（r=-0.374 0），提示饥饿胁迫对大黄鱼HSL和ACC的表达存在翻译前和翻译后两种水平的调控。本研究结果可为研究饥饿胁迫对大黄鱼脂类代谢分子层面的影响机制提供依据。  相似文献   

Seasonal dynamics of crustacean zooplankton community structure in Erhai Lake,a plateau lake,with reference to phytoplankton and environmental factors   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨威  邓道贵  张赛  胡翠林 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1074-1082

The seasonal dynamics of a crustacean zooplankton community in Erhai Lake was investigated from May 2010 to April 2011. In total, 11 species were recorded, including six （6 genera） cladoceran and five （5 genera） copepod species. The crustacean zooplankton densities ranged from 24.3 to 155.4 ind./L. In winter and spring, the large-bodied cladoceran Daphnia galeata dominated the crustacean plankton community. In summer and autumn, when the colonial or filamentous algae dominated the phytoplankton communities, the small-bodied species （e.g. Bosminafatalis, Ceriodaphnia quadrangular, and Mesocyclops leuckarti） replaced the large-bodied ones. One-way ANOVA and redundancy analysis revealed that community structure was dependent upon total nitrogen, total phosphorus, water temperature, transparency, and the biomass of small algae. The variation in both phytoplankton structure and environmental variables were important factors in the seasonal succession of crustacean zooplankton structure in Erhai Lake.  相似文献   

中华乌塘鳢雌雄异体和雌雄同体性类固醇激素含量的季节变化与差异     

李志杰  洪万树  连惠波  赖晓健  王琼 《台湾海峡》2011,30(3):369-374

采用酶联免疫吸附法测定了野生中华鸟塘鳢（Bostrichthyssinensis）不同季节血清E2和1l—KT含量的变化,并比较了生殖季节养殖雌雄同体与野生雌雄异体之间E,、11一KT和17仪,2013一P三种性类固醇激素含量的差异．结果表明,野生雌鱼和雄鱼血清E：和11一KT的含量均具有明显的季节变化,其高低均依次为5〉8〉2〉11月．在相同月份,雌鱼的E,含量显著高于雄鱼,而雄鱼的ll—KT含量显著高于雌鱼．生殖高峰期,雌雄同体E：含量高于雌雄异体雄鱼,但低于雌雄异体雌鱼;雌雄同体l1一KT和17仅,20]3一P含量均高于雌雄异体雌鱼和雄鱼;野生雌鱼和雄鱼血清170L,2013一P含量没有显著差异．性类固醇激素在中华鸟塘鳢的生殖过程中起着重要作用,E：是野生中华乌塘鳢雌鱼的主要雌激素,而11一KT则是野生雄鱼的主要雄激素．  相似文献   

植物激素对裂殖壶菌生长与DHA含量的影响     

杨青  宋益民  范鸣浩  臧晓南  徐涤  张学成 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(12):53-57

研究了6种植物激素(BA、GA、KT、IBA、NAA和IAA)对裂殖壶菌OUC175生长和DHA含量的影响。结果显示,在适宜的浓度条件下,6种植物激素都能不同程度提高裂殖壶菌生长速度和DHA含量,但是浓度过高产生抑制作用。6种植物激素对裂殖壶菌生物量和DHA含量的适宜浓度分别是:BA,3mg/L;KT,10mg/L;GA,1mg/L;IBA,3mg/L;NAA,6mg/L;IAA,3mg/L。BA在添加量3mg/L时,裂殖壶菌的生物量和DHA含量分别比对照组提高27.1%和30.0%。  相似文献   

GROWTH PROMOTION OF RED SEA BREAM, PAGROSOMUS MAJOR, BY ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF RECOMBINANT EEL AND SALMON GROWTH HORMONE     

徐迎利苗宏志  刘振辉邓勇 兰山王尧  张培军徐斌 麦康森 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2001,19(2):141-146

Recombinant eel GH and yeast containing chinook salmon growth hormone (reGHand rcsGH) were incorporated into gelatin and sodium alginate (reGH-GS and rcsGH-GS) or polymer ma-trix (reGH-HP55) to protect the hormone from proteolytic cleavage in the stomach. The diets containin greGH-GS, rcsGH-GS, reGH-HP55 and free-reGH or uncoated-rcsGH were administered to red sea bream. Feeding of reGH-GS, reGH-HP55 and rcsGH-GS diets resulted in significant increases in body weight and fork length over those of controls. These results strongly suggest that gelatin and sodium algi-nate as well as polymer matrix protected the hormone from proteolytic enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract to allow the bioactive hormone to enter the circulation and eventually stimulato fish growth.  相似文献   

利用实时荧光定量PCR法测算红螯螯虾实体组织的细胞数量          下载免费PDF全文

郑在超  李钫  杨丰 《应用海洋学学报》2021,40(2):342-348

螯虾是重要的水产养殖动物,也是研究甲壳动物疾病与免疫的一个良好模型。在研究不同组织的功能及受病原感染的影响时,需要了解组织内的细胞数量。但是,目前常用的细胞计数方法仅适用于单细胞悬液,无法用于实体组织。本研究以红螯螯虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)为对象,建立了基于基因拷贝数定量分析的实体组织细胞数量测算方法。首先克隆了beta-actin基因和甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase)基因(GAPDH)的部分DNA序列。在其内含子和外显子区域分别设计引物,使之只能以基因组DNA为模板进行扩增。其次,通过对实时荧光定量PCR (qPCR)熔解曲线的评估,确定以beta-actin作为目标基因。以血细胞基因组DNA为标准模板,进行beta-actin基因的qPCR分析。结果表明,在1×10～1×10~5个细胞的范围内,Ct值与细胞数量的对数之间呈良好的线性关系。线性回归得到回归曲线和回归方程Ct=38.30-3.37lg (N),N为细胞数量。最后,取红螯螯虾的鳃和肝胰腺组织为待测样,进行beta-actin基因qPCR分析,得到Ct值;根据上述方程计算得鳃组织细胞含量为1.8×10~5～2.2×10~5个细胞/mg组织,而肝胰腺组织细胞含量为5.5×10~5～6.0×10~5个细胞/mg组织。这一基于基因拷贝数和qPCR的细胞定量方法,具有简单便捷和高通量的优点,可用于测算螯虾实体组织的细胞数量。  相似文献