藏南亚东地区前寒武纪亚东岩群的建立及其特征     

张祥信  刘文灿  周志广  赵兴国  梁定益 《现代地质》2005,19(3):341-347

藏南亚东地区前寒武纪结晶岩系以往统称为“聂拉木群”。本次研究发现该结晶岩系可划分为上、下两部分,二者之间原始接触关系为角度不整合。下部结晶岩系为本次新建的“亚东岩群”,其岩石组合为：下部为多种片麻岩夹少量细粒石英岩和黑云片岩;中部为多种混合岩;上部为多种片麻岩夹少量变粒岩、石英岩和片岩。不同部位的片麻岩和混合岩中含辉石岩、高压麻粒岩等“暗色”包体。研究表明,亚东岩群为角闪岩相─高角闪岩相变质作用的产物,经历了多期深部构造层次的韧性变形,与“聂拉木群”显著不同。因此,认为“聂拉木群”代表喜马拉雅地区全部“前寒武系”是值得商榷的。  相似文献   

宜宾-金川剖面地壳上部速度结构及构造含义     

邓晓果  王夫运  刘宝峰  范振宇  王帅军  赵金仁  张建狮 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(12):1256-1261

利用有限差分和时间项两种方法对宜宾-金川人工地震剖面沿线8炮Pg波走时进行反演，得到沿测线结晶基底起伏变化特征和上地壳顶部覆盖层速度分布变化特征。结果表明，剖面东南段四川盆地内基底埋深约3～5 km，覆盖层较厚，速度较低；剖面西北段川西高原内结晶基底埋藏深度逐渐减浅至0～3 km，覆盖层变薄，局部出露地表，速度大部分区段明显增大；沿剖面多个部位基底的埋深出现明显的隆起或下凹，上部地壳速度结构横向出现剧烈的上下起伏变化，结晶基底界面起伏变化强烈的位置分别与该地区分布的龙泉山断裂、名山-成都断裂以及龙门山地区的断裂构造有较好的对应关系，结晶基底速度结构和界面形态变化特征为该区活动断裂构造深浅耦合关系和强震孕育机制研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Bioavailability of different chemical forms of dissolved silica can affect marine diatom growth     

Samuela Capellacci  Cecilia Battocchi  Silvia Casabianca  Marco Giovine  Giorgio Bavestrello  Antonella Penna 《Marine Ecology》2013,34(1):103-111

In this study, we demonstrate that dissolved silica obtained from mineral (crystalline quartz), biogenic amorphous (diatomaceous earth) and artificial amorphous sources (Aerosil) influence the growth rate of two marine diatoms, Chaetoceros sp. and Skeletonema marinoi. Diatoms were reared in four different experimental conditions in artificial seawater containing either dissolved silica previously obtained through dissolution of the mineral crystalline quartz or two amorphous substrates, biogenic diatomaceous earth or artificial Aerosil silica. Sodium metasilicate was used as control. When the silica in the different media reached concentrations higher than 107 μm , particles were eliminated by filtration and the diatom cells were inoculated. Maximum cell density, growth and silica assimilation rates of both species in the presence of dissolved silica derived from crystalline quartz and metasilicate were higher than those obtained with the other silica sources. These results are discussed against the background of previous geochemical studies that have shown that silica–water interactions are strictly dependent on the silica polymorphs involved and on the ionic composition of the solution. Our results demonstrate that the soluble silicon compounds generated in seawater by crystalline sources are highly bioavailable compared with those generated by biogenic and amorphous materials. These findings are potentially of considerable ecological importance and may contribute to clarifying anomalous spatial and temporal distributions of siliceous organisms with respect to the presence of lithogenic or biogenic silica sources in marine environments.  相似文献   

Multiple dolomitization events along the Pozalagua Fault (Pozalagua Quarry,Basque–Cantabrian Basin,Northern Spain)     

RUDY SWENNEN  JULIE DEWIT  ELS FIERENS  PHILIPPE MUCHEZ  MUMTAZ SHAH  FADI NADER  DAVID HUNT 《Sedimentology》2012,59(4):1345-1374

The Pozalagua Quarry in the Basque–Cantabrian Basin of northern Spain exposes a unique set of fault‐associated dolomites that can be studied on a decametre scale. The dolomites developed along the Pozalagua Fault system in slope‐deposited limestones of Albian age. Following marine phreatic diagenesis, the limestones were subject to meteoric karst formation. The resulting cavities were filled either by angular limestone fragments in a black clay‐rich matrix, or by cave floor/pond (now dolomitized) sediments. The subsequent diagenetic history reflects repeated periods of fracturing, fluid expulsion, dissolution and cementation. Contrasting fluid pulses resulted in the formation of a network of hydrothermal karst and the subsequent development of coarse‐crystalline calcite cement, zebra dolomite, recrystallized coarse‐crystalline dolomite, elongated blue–grey coarse‐crystalline dolomite cement in the open fault and, finally, coarse‐crystalline saddle dolomite. Decimetre‐size reworked host‐rock fragments present in the latter two dolomite phases probably reflect roof collapse fragments of a cave system that developed along the Pozalagua Fault system. However, there are also metre‐scale host‐rock fragments that apparently ‘float’ in the coarse‐crystalline saddle dolomites, implying that either fragment assimilation was a widespread process or violent expulsion of fluids occurred along the Pozalagua Fault system. The presence of pre‐dolomite and post‐dolomite stylolites, parallel to bedding, supports a linkage between the diagenetic events and the Late Albian tectonism that affected the region.  相似文献   

河南省鲁山石墨矿浮选工艺研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李艳  魏祥松  逄思宇 《化工矿产地质》2011,33(1):61-64

河南鲁山石墨矿属区域变质型矿床.根据矿石性质,进行了粗选条件试验,阶段磨矿阶段选别试验和阶段磨矿阶段选别预先分目试验,研究结果表明阶段磨矿是保护石墨大鳞片的有效方法,同时,结合预先分目能更好地提高石墨大片率.阶段磨矿阶段选别预先分目工艺闭路试验获得的指标为:当原矿品位为3.65%时,获得的技术指标为精矿品位C90.62...  相似文献   

西域陆块的建立及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王云山  高晓峰  王辉  索有贤 《西北地质》2009,42(2):38-47

综合地质学、地球化学、地球物理学及深部构造等方面的资料,对“西域陆块”双重基底-结晶基底（Ar3Pt1）与褶皱基底（Pt2-3）、盖层（NhZ）,上下冰碛层,陆块边界等方面进行了初步探讨。西域陆块由塔里木、柴达木、中天山、敦煌、中-北祁连山、阿拉善等微陆块组成．它既不同于华北陆块（北型）,也有别于扬子陆块（南型）。但又具有华北与扬子陆块的某些特征,早古生代期间发育北西西向沟孤盆构造系以及中新生代与青藏高原隆升相伴产生的大型复合坳陷含油气盆地。暗示其很可能是中国西北部一个独立的构造单元。  相似文献   

中非裂谷系前寒武系基岩油气成藏组合   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

窦立荣  王景春  王仁冲  魏小东 《地学前缘》2018,25(2):15-23

中非裂谷系是在前寒武系结晶基岩基础上发育起来的中新生代裂谷盆地群。通过露头和钻井资料研究发现,基岩主要由前寒武系岩浆岩、正变质岩和少量副变质岩组成。根据暗色矿物含量可以将基岩划分为长英质和铁镁质岩石两大类,前者更有利于风化和裂缝的形成,储层物性较好。寒武纪-侏罗纪长期风化作用形成了广泛分布且厚度较大的球形风化壳(段),早白垩世中非剪切带的走滑拉张应力场与前寒武系刚性基岩的耦合作用在基底产生了大量高角度断层、共轭缝、微裂缝和节理等,风化淋滤、表生和热液作用控制了溶蚀、胶结和次生孔隙发育。风化壳和裂缝储层发育具有“似层状”的特征,垂向上基岩潜山储层序列可进一步划分为风化淋滤带、裂缝发育带、半充填裂缝带和致密带四个区带。中非裂谷系盆地在早白垩世、晚白垩世和古近纪三期裂谷期发育了三期区域性厚层泥页岩,古近系暗色泥岩由于埋藏浅,处于未成熟阶段,不能作为有效烃源岩,上白垩统泥岩以滨浅湖相为主,有机质含量总体不高,以Ⅲ型干酪根为主,下白垩统深湖相泥岩是区域上的优质烃源岩,同时为基岩提供了良好的油源和顶盖层。根据盖层的时代,可以划分出下白垩统、上白垩统和古近系3类成藏组合。乍得Bongor盆地基岩勘探获得极大成功,发现了一批高产稀油油田,打开了中非地区一个新的油气勘探领域。  相似文献   

辽河坳陷结晶基底岩性特征、含油性及测井识别     

宋柏荣  施玉华  刘玉婷  张静  罗芬红 《地质论评》2017,63(2):427-440

辽河坳陷结晶基底油气资源丰富,在辽河的三大凹陷基底潜山以及中央凸起均发现规模油气藏。本文通过系统分析岩芯、岩屑和旋转井壁取芯荧光、铸体和传统岩石薄片,对辽河坳陷太古宙基岩及其中的侵入体的岩石类型、含油性、储层成因及影响因素等进行了综合研究。结果表明,辽河坳陷结晶基底岩石包括2大类、14个亚类、30多种岩石类型;岩石的含油性与岩石类型、构造作用和古风化溶蚀淋滤作用的改造密切相关。在对不同岩性岩石的物理特征与测井曲线特征大量对比分析和研究基础上,建立了岩性与测井曲线的对应关系,实现了基岩岩性的测井识别,为勘探部署、储量计算等奠定了基础,也为类似基岩油气藏的勘探研究提供重要借鉴。  相似文献   

塔河油田下古生界溶洞充填巨晶方解石流体来源分析     

李开开  蔡春芳蔡镠璐  姜磊 《地质科学》2010,45(2):595-605

塔河油田溶洞巨晶方解石充填物的微量元素、碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学和流体包裹体的对比研究表明,不同井位巨晶方解石可能来源于不同的流体体系。T417井和S76井鹰山组、T904井一间房组及TS1井丘里塔格组溶洞巨晶方解石样品具有富U、高V/Cr特征,且均一温度主要分布于148.9～169.9 ℃,相对围岩所经历最高温度约20 ℃,反映为还原性的热液流体体系,该流体具有高 87Sr/86Sr及低 δ18O 的特征。T904井良里塔格组巨晶方解石具有贫U、低V/Cr及均一温度较低的特征（75～81 ℃）,反映为富氧低温流体体系,结合样品的高 87Sr/86Sr及低 δ18O特征,可以推测该低温流体可能为大气水来源。热液流体与大气淡水的运移受断层、裂缝和不整合面等因素控制,从而使得不同井位、层位的巨晶方解石沉淀时具有不同的流体成分与温度特征。   相似文献   

Mechanism of Anelasticity     

Fred Schwab 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,95(2):261-284

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