西南天山新生代造山岩浆作用响应——以皮羌盆地新生代火山岩为例     

李德东  王玉往  王京彬  王莉娟  龙灵利  廖震 《新疆地质》2012,30(2):123-131

新疆西南天山皮羌盆地是一个新生代火山构造盆地。盆地内出露4个古火山颈和大量岩墙,部分岩墙与火山颈相连。运用岩相学、岩石地球化学测试分析法研究皮羌盆地内火山岩,研究表明,火山岩具原生岩浆性质,及碱玄岩、碧玄岩和玄武岩岩石组合特征。火山岩产于板内造山带环境,为幔源部分熔融产物,无明显结晶分异。结合托云盆地新生代火山岩岩石地球化学探讨西南天山岩浆触发机制,认为岩石圈局部拆沉作用是触发本区岩浆活动主要机制。  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb age and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic constraints on the age and origin of Triassic mafic dikes,Dalian area,Northeast China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(2):249-262

Post-orogenic mafic rocks from Northeast China consist of swarms of dolerite dikes. We report a new U–Pb zircon age, as well as whole-rock geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic data. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) U–Pb zircon analysis yielded an age of 210.3 ± 1.5 million years (i.e. Triassic) for these mafic dikes. Most Dalian mafic rocks exhibit low K₂O + Na₂O contents, and span the border between alkaline and calc-alkaline rock associations in the total alkali–silica diagram. The investigated dikes are also characterized by relatively high (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i ratios (0.7061–0.7067) and negative ?_Nd (t) (?4.7 to??4.3) and ?_Hf (t) values (?4.1 to??1.1), implying that they were derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle source. The mafic dikes are characterized by relatively low MgO (4.65–5.44 wt.%), Mg^# (41–44), and compatible element content [such as Cr (89.9–125 ppm) and Ni (56.7–72.2 ppm)], which are the features of an evolved mafic magma. No evidence supports the idea that the mafic rocks were affected by significant assimilation or crustal contamination during emplacement. We conclude that the dolerites formed in a post-orogenic extensional setting, related to lithospheric delamination or ‘collapse’ of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), also termed the Xingmeng Orogenic Belt in China.  相似文献   

东昆仑造山带拆沉作用的数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

詹华明  罗照华  林舸 《地质找矿论丛》2016,31(1):77-86

在构建东昆仑造山带晚古生代—早中生代地质-物理模型的基础上,利用FLAC软件模拟了幔源岩浆底侵后形成的榴辉岩岩石圈拆沉作用及动力学机制,结果表明,东昆仑造山带在幔源岩浆底侵后确实发生过岩石圈拆沉作用,昆北、昆中、昆南地区的拆沉量差异较大,并形成以橄榄岩、榴辉岩和中酸性麻粒岩为源区的岩浆活动;柴达木地区未发生拆沉作用,而是下沉,同时在高密度层(榴辉岩)的顶部存在较多的断裂。文章探讨了拆沉作用与大规模岩浆活动、盆地形成、C型埃达克岩的关系,认为镁铁质岩石的特殊性质是导致拆沉作用发生的直接动力,岩石圈拆沉之后的深部约束受拆沉的量及范围控制;论证了东昆仑造山带的岩石圈拆沉作用触发了柴达木盆地的形成,并形成一系列热液矿床。  相似文献   

豫西崤山龙卧沟岩体锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

卢仁  梁涛  卢欣祥白凤军  成静亮  温静静 《中国地质》2014,41(3):756-772

豫西崤山北部出露一系列中酸性小岩体,为探讨其成因、深部动力学背景及成矿潜力,对其中之一的龙卧沟岩体进行了锆石定年和地球化学成分分析研究。龙卧沟岩体的岩性为斑状黑云母二长花岗岩,发育钾长石巨斑晶。LA—ICP—MS锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为(128±1)Ma,岩体形成时代为早白垩世。龙卧沟岩体具有高硅、富碱高钾、贫镁低钙的特征,属于高钾钙碱性系列,A/CNK值介于1.00~1.11,岩石学和地球化学特征表明其属于富钾钙碱性花岗岩类(KCG)。龙卧沟岩体的稀土配分模式具有轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的特征,(La/Yb)_N范围为18.55~26.92,无明显Eu异常,微量元素蛛网图中Rb和了h富集,具有明显的Nb-Ta负异常。龙卧沟岩体高Sr、低Y,具有埃达克岩属性,它是加厚大陆下地壳的部分熔融形成的,部分熔融源区残余相矿物包括石榴石、金红石和角闪石。崤山北部地区在早白垩世经历了岩石圈拆沉作用,是对中国东部中生代岩石圈巨大减薄的地质响应之一。龙卧沟岩体形成时代位于东秦岭地区广泛而强烈的成岩成矿作用时限内,且其显示了Au、Ag、Mo和W明显异常,表明龙卧沟岩体(含隐伏部分)具有较大的成矿潜力。  相似文献   

An Andean tectonic cycle:From crustal thickening to extension in a thin crust(34°-37°SL)     

VictorA.Ramos  VanesaD.Litvak  AndresFolguera MauroSpagnuolo 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(3):351-367

Several orogenic cycles of mountain building and subsequent collapse associated with periods of shallowing and steepening of subduction zones have been recognized in recent years in the Andes.Most of them are characterized by widespread crustal delamination expressed by large calderas and rhyolitic flare-up produced by the injection of hot asthenosphere in the subduction wedge.These processes are related to the increase of the subduction angle during trench roll-back.The Payenia paleoflat-slab,in the southern Central Andes of Argentina and Chile(34°—37°S) recorded a complete cycle from crustal thickening and mountain uplift to extensional collapse and normal faulting,which are related to changes in the subduction geometry.The early stages are associated with magmatic expansion and migration,subsequent deformation and broken foreland.New ages and geochemical data show the middle to late Miocene expansion and migration of arc volcanism towards the foreland region was associated with important deformation in the Andean foothills.However,the main difference of this orogenic cycle with the previously described cycles is that the steepening of the oceanic subducted slab is linked to basaltic flooding of large areas in the retroarc under an extensional setting.Crustal delamination is concentrated only in a narrow central belt along the cordilleran axis.The striking differences between the two types of cycles are interpreted to be related to the crustal thickness when steepening the subducting slab.The crustal thickness of the Altiplano is over 60-80 km,whereas Payenia is less than 42 km in the axial part,and near 30 km in the retroarc foothills.The final extensional regime associated with the slab steepening favors the basaltic flooding of more than 8400 km~3 in an area larger than 40,000 km2,through 800 central vents and large fissures.These characteristics are unique in the entire present-day Andes.  相似文献   

华南的格林威尔造山带及其坍塌:在罗迪尼亚超大陆演化中的意义   总被引：24，自引：2，他引：22  

吴根耀 《大地构造与成矿学》2000,24(2):112-123

华南的格林威尔造山运动始自约1200MaB.P.,在约1000～950MaB.P.扬子与湘赣—华夏微大陆发生碰撞 ,继之以岩石圈的拆沉作用和造山带的快速坍塌 ,在仰冲板片和下插板片上分别形成华南裂谷的北支和南支 ,部分地区可能有新生洋壳出现。裂谷以北地区的造山活动持续到约740MaB.P.,碰撞高原控制了长安冰期的沉积 ,至南沱冰期沉积时它已近剥蚀夷平。文章重塑了新元古代时华南裂谷的演化 ,探讨了它在罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解中的意义  相似文献   

Rupture and delamination of arc crust rupture and delamination of island arc crust due to the arc–arc collision in the South Fossa Magna, central Japan     

Nobuaki Niitsuma 《Island Arc》1999,8(4):441-458

Three collisional cycles, the Tanzawa, Izu and Shichito, are known to have occurred in the South Fossa Magna, central Japan, since the late Miocene, based on geologic evidence. The cycles consist of six stages. At present the South Fossa Magna is in the later part of stage 5 of the Izu Cycle and stage 2 of the Shichito Cycle. Because the collisional processes are ongoing we can observe, measure and correlate them with the geologic records of the former cycles. The collisional processes are progressing intermittently because of the rupture and deformation of the collided and colliding island arc crusts. Rupture in the subducting crust can be explained by the geometry of the subducting plate along a boundary that is not straight. The delamination of the upper crust is detected from the geologic and crustal structure in the collided Tanzawa Block; it is an important factor in the deformation of the crust.  相似文献   

中国东北—华北新生代火山活动的深部动力学机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪洋 《地质论评》1999,45(7):174-179

在综合地质年代学、数值模拟和岩石学研究成果的基础上,作者提出中国东北—华北地区新生代玄武质火山活动是岩石圈发生拆沉失稳,导致软流圈地幔发生强迫对流的结果。发生在东北—华北地区中部的岩石圈拆沉失稳诱发了早第三纪火山活动,而地幔对流环的扩展引起的热机械侵蚀作用使得周边地区相继发生岩石圈拆沉,从而导致晚第三纪第四纪火山活动的产生。拆沉失稳机制得到了大地热流、布格重力异常反演和新构造运动研究结果的支持。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of Permo-Triassic intrusive rocks in Northern Liaoning Province,NE China: implications for the closure of the eastern Paleo-Asian Ocean     

Jin Liu  Zhenghong Liu  Changqing Yin  Chen Zhao  Xinyuan Yu 《International Geology Review》2020,62(6):754-780

ABSTRACT

The Changchun-Yanji belt recorded widespread Permo-Triassic magmatism, but their origins remain unclear, inhibiting a comprehensive understanding of the magmatic response to the final closure of the Paleo-Asian ocean in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Here, we present new geochronological, geochemical, and Hf isotopic data for the Permo-Triassic plutons from Northern Liaoning province, NE China. Combined the published ages with our new data, the Permo-Triassic magmatism in the eastern CAOB can be divided into five episodes: early Permian (293–274 Ma), middle–late Permian (270–257 Ma), latest late Permian–Middle Triassic (255–242 Ma), Late Triassic (240–215 Ma), and latest Late Triassic (209–200 Ma). The middle Permian and Late Triassic mafic plutons (i.e. ~266 Ma Mengjiagou gabbro–diorite, ~240 Ma Jiancaicun gabbro and ~224 Ma Shudetun gabbro-diorite) contain relatively high TFe₂O₃, MgO, Cr and Ni contents with positive ε_Hf(t) values (+1.2 to +7.2), suggesting a depleted mantle origin. These mafic rocks together with the coeval granitoids make up typical bimodal associations, suggesting that they were formed under an extensional environment. The conclusions are also supported by occurrence of A-type granites during 270–257 Ma and 240–215 Ma. By contrast, the granitoids of 255–242 Ma in the eastern CAOB, including the Jianshanzi (~251 Ma) and Daganhe (~242 Ma) monzogranites, show typical geochemical features of adakitic granites, with high Sr/Y ratios and negative ε_Hf(t) values (–8.6 to – 22.0), suggesting that the magmas were generated through partial melting of thickened ancient lower crust. Combined with previous studies, a four-stage tectonic evolution scenario was proposed: (1) active continental margin stage during 293–274 Ma; (2) continuing subduction resulted in the initiation collision, moderate crustal thickening, and slab break-off during 270–257 Ma; (3) final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean associated with continued crustal thickening occurred during 255–242 Ma; (4) lithospheric delamination in a post-collisional extensional environment occurred during 240–215 Ma.  相似文献   

论东亚大陆的构造翘变：燕山运动的全球意义   总被引：87，自引：3，他引：84  

董树文  邓晋福 《地质论评》2000,46(1):8-13

东亚大陆是在印支期（２５０～２２０Ｍａ）由诸多微陆块拼接而成,曾形成巨型的岩石圈（根）其中陆块碰撞带岩石圈根可能深达２００余千米或更深,俯冲的陆壳岩石曾深达约１００ｋｍ,并发生超高压变质作用。当时中国东部上升为高原（５０００～６０００ｍ）,西部为特提斯海,构成东高西低的地貌景观。大约在１６０～１５０Ｍａ前后,亚洲东部岩石圈发生巨量减薄,山根垮塌,导致软流圈地幔侧向上涌补偿。形成巨量的火山岩和花岗岩  相似文献