崩积体剪切性能试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘忠强  薛亚东  黄宏伟  吴坚 《岩土力学》2012,33(8):2349-2358

崩积体是一种由土体和块石堆积形成的天然地质体,其内部结构特征在很大程度上控制着崩积体的物理力学特性。通过对崩积体进行现场实地踏勘,收集典型工点的崩积体试样,考虑原样级配,开展了对崩积体重塑样的室内大尺度直剪试验,获得了不同含石量、块石形状、土体性质以及应力状态下崩积体的剪应力-应变曲线与抗剪强度曲线,分析并探讨了其变形与强度特性变化规律及内在机制,首次提出了崩积体抗剪强度随含石量增长模式曲线。研究结果表明：崩积体剪应力-应变曲线较常规的单一介质有显著区别。在低法向应力下,崩积体表现为剪胀,而在高法向应力下,则表现为先剪缩后剪胀。崩积混合体的抗剪强度随含石量的增加经历了缓慢增长－快速增长－缓慢增长的过程,其内摩擦角增量与含石量（含黏性土崩积体为0～80%,含砂土崩积体为40%～80%）近似成线性增长的关系。相同含石量情况下,含不规则形状块石的崩积体内摩擦角显著高于含规则形状块石的混合体。  相似文献   

Impact of intensity and loss assessment following the great Wenchuan Earthquake   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

Yifan Yuan 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(3):247-254

  相似文献   

岩石直接拉伸与压缩变形的试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

余贤斌  王青蓉  李心一  谢强  纳裕康  宋战平 《岩土力学》2008,29(1):18-22

采用自行研制的可对同一岩石试样进行单轴压缩和直接拉伸的试验装置,对3种岩石进行了压缩和直接拉伸试验。结果表明,这3种岩石的压缩弹性模量均大于拉伸弹性模量,压缩与拉伸弹性模量之比分别为1.1,1.4,2.5。压缩泊松比也大于拉伸泊松比。研究表明：直接拉伸下切线泊松比随荷载的增加而减小,与压缩下泊松比的变化相反。  相似文献   

基于神经网络的直接线性变换在地质力学模型试验中的应用     

陈继光  张强勇  李术才  马国梁  张建国 《岩土力学》2008,29(4):897-900

三维地质力学模型的变形数据主要由岩体内部变形和收敛变形两部分构成。寻找满足高精度位移测量的收敛变形观测方法已成为三维地质力学模型试验数据采集的重要研究方向。修正了传统的数码相机摄影测量基于图像坐标变换的计算思路,改善了试验中5×5小模板作业方式,采用大模板标准点布设方案和标志点相邻坐标数据点的选择方法,有效地减小了镜头畸变对标准点、标志点的影响。基于BP神经网络的直接线性变换原理进行了图像间的坐标识别和试验阶段测量观测点的坐标比较,实现了三维地质力学模型的收敛变形观测。将数码相机数字近景摄影方法应用于某大型分岔隧道的三维地质力学模型试验研究,取得了满意的研究成果。  相似文献   

土工格室加筋土的大尺寸直剪试验研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘炜  汪益敏  陈页开  周刚  余继东  黄放军 《岩土力学》2008,29(11):3133-3138

采用自行研制的500 mm?500 mm?400 mm（长?宽?高）大尺寸直剪仪,对土工格室加筋土以及土工格室加筋水泥稳定土的剪切性能进行了试验研究。通过大尺寸直剪试验模拟土工格室加筋土的剪切作用过程,得出加筋土剪切应力与剪切应变关系为非线性确定了土工格室加筋土的抗剪强度指标以及土工格室对土的抗剪强度增强机理,土工格室加筋土的黏聚力提高较大,内摩擦角变化相对较小。通过对素土和掺入量为5 %的水泥稳定土进行常规直剪试验、大尺寸直剪试验和三轴压缩试验对比分析,探讨不同试验方法对抗剪强度指标的影响,得出3种试验方法对应的抗剪强度指标及其相对大小;即素土的摩擦角大小依次为：三轴试验小于大尺寸直剪试验小于常规直剪试验,素土的黏聚力大小依次为：大尺寸直剪试验小于三轴试验小于常规直剪试验;水泥稳定土的摩擦角大小为：三轴试验小于大尺寸直剪试验,黏聚力结果比较大小依次为：三轴试验小于大尺寸直剪试验。  相似文献   

四川汶川8.0级地震损失评估   总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18  

袁一凡 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(5)

本文简要介绍了2008年5月12日汶川8.0级直接震害损失评估方法和结果,分析了震害损失特点和经验教训。评估得到此次地震直接经济损失为为6920.11亿元,占2007年全国国内生产总值(GDP)的2.81%。本文基于中国地震局地震现场应急工作队的损失评估报告,反映数百人工作的成果。  相似文献   

葛洲坝-南桥直流输电线路对地磁台的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郝长安  赵伦  倪友忠  陈军  杨其明 《地震地磁观测与研究》2008,29(5):9-15

从20世纪80年代后期开始,佘山地震台的垂直分量Z受到类似突跳的电磁干扰,最大可达十几个nT,干扰持续时间没有规律,少则几小时,多则几天,经查,干扰来自葛洲坝-南桥直流输电系统,且影响范围广泛,佘山地震台只是其中一个台站。因此,有必要对此进行研究,弄清其干扰机制,探讨采用计算的方法以确定其干扰幅值的可能性。  相似文献   

Analysis of coupled axial and lateral deformation of roots in soil     

Gerrit J. Meijer  David Muir Wood  Jonathan A. Knappett  Glyn A. Bengough  Teng Liang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(3):684-707

Plant roots can help to stabilise slopes. Existing analytical models to predict their mechanical contribution are however limited: they typically focus on the ultimate limit state, employ various empirical factors, and ignore much of the underlying root-soil interaction. A new model was developed based on large deflection Euler-Bernoulli elastic beam theory that can be used to study the mobilisation of root strength under various loading conditions (direct shear and pull-out). Both lateral and axial loading of the root by the soil were incorporated, based on existing methodologies for foundation piles (p-y and t-z curves). The model is able to take the key parameters into account (root biomechanical properties, root architectural properties, and soil properties) while remaining quick to solve using a numerical boundary value problem solver. The model was compared with experimental direct shear test data using various root analogues (rubber, plastic, and wood) in dry sand with various densities and effective stress levels and was able to accurately predict the measured shear force-displacement behaviour. Comparison with experimentally measured pull-out force-displacement curves using rubber and wooden root analogues with various architectures in dry and partially saturated sands was also satisfactory. In the future, this model can aid with addressing long-standing problems in the root-reinforcement community: quantifying the effect of (sequential) mobilisation of root strength in direct shear, the effect of the angle at which the root crosses a shear plane, the effect of root topology on root-reinforcement or the effect of root bending, and root shear shear forces on root-reinforcement.  相似文献   

直剪剪切速率对钙质砂强度及变形特征的影响     

柴维  龙志林  旷杜敏  陈佳敏  闫超萍 《岩土力学》2019,40(Z1):359-366

为深入研究剪切速率对钙质砂强度和变形特征的影响,对钙质干砂进行不同剪切速率条件下的直剪试验。研究结果表明,随剪切速率从0.1 mm/min增至2.4 mm/min时钙质砂抗剪强度先减小后增大,其内摩擦角亦呈现出先减小后增大趋势,临界剪切速率为1.6 mm/min;低法向应力条件下钙质砂试样随剪切速率的增加更易于呈现剪胀现象,高法向应力条件下剪切速率从0.1 mm/min增长至1.6 mm/min时试样整体剪缩量逐渐减小;当剪切速率继续从1.6 mm/min增长至2.4 mm/min时试样最大剪缩量逐渐增加;不同法向应力水平条件下钙质砂加载速率效应的细观机制不同,较低应力水平条件下钙质砂加载速率效应主要由试样内部颗粒错动、换位、重新排列引起,在较高应力水平条件下钙质砂加载速率效应主要由颗粒破碎引起。  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of surf–swash zone motions and turbulent flow     

R. Bakhtyar  D.A. Barry  A. Yeganeh-Bakhtiary  A. Ghaheri 《Advances in water resources》2009

A two-dimensional numerical model was presented for the simulation of wave breaking, runup and turbulence in the surf and swash zones. The main components of the model are the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes equations describing the average motion of a turbulent flow, a k–ε turbulence closure model describing the transformation and dissipation processes of turbulence and a volume of fluid technique for tracking the free surface motion. Nearshore wave evolution on a sloping bed, the velocity field and other wave characteristics were investigated. First, the results of the model were compared with experimental results for different surf zone hydrodynamic conditions. Spilling and plunging breakers were simulated and the numerical model investigated for different wave parameters. The turbulence field was also considered and the spatial and time-dependent variations of turbulence parameters were discussed. In the next stage of the study, numerical results were compared with two sets of experimental data in the swash zone. Generally, there is good agreement except for turbulence predictions near the breaking point where the model does not represent well the physical processes. On the other hand, turbulence predictions were found to be excellent for the swash zone. The model provides a precise and efficient tool for the simulation of the flow field and wave transformations in the nearshore, especially in the swash zone. The numerical model can simulate the surface elevation of the vertical shoreline excursion on sloping beaches, while swash–swash interactions within the swash zone are accounted for.  相似文献