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121.
The satellite missions CHAMP, GRACE, and GOCE mark the beginning of a new era in gravity field determination and modeling. They provide unique models of the global stationary gravity field and its variation in time. Due to inevitable measurement errors, sophisticated pre-processing steps have to be applied before further use of the satellite measurements. In the framework of the GOCE mission, this includes outlier detection, absolute calibration and validation of the SGG (satellite gravity gradiometry) measurements, and removal of temporal effects. In general, outliers are defined as observations that appear to be inconsistent with the remainder of the data set. One goal is to evaluate the effect of additive, innovative and bulk outliers on the estimates of the spherical harmonic coefficients. It can be shown that even a small number of undetected outliers (<0.2 of all data points) can have an adverse effect on the coefficient estimates. Consequently, concepts for the identification and removal of outliers have to be developed. Novel outlier detection algorithms are derived and statistical methods are presented that may be used for this purpose. The methods aim at high outlier identification rates as well as small failure rates. A combined algorithm, based on wavelets and a statistical method, shows best performance with an identification rate of about 99%. To further reduce the influence of undetected outliers, an outlier detection algorithm is implemented inside the gravity field solver (the Quick-Look Gravity Field Analysis tool was used). This results in spherical harmonic coefficient estimates that are of similar quality to those obtained without outliers in the input data.  相似文献   
122.
R. Pail 《Journal of Geodesy》2005,79(4-5):231-241
In the recent design of the Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) satellite mission, the gravity gradients are defined in the gradiometer reference frame (GRF), which deviates from the actual flight direction (local orbit reference frame, LORF) by up to 3–4°. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of uncertainties in the knowledge of the gradiometer orientation due to attitude reconstitution errors on the gravity field solution. In the framework of several numerical simulations, which are based on a realistic mission configuration, different scenarios are investigated, to provide the accuracy requirements of the orientation information. It turns out that orientation errors have to be seriously considered, because they may represent a significant error component of the gravity field solution. While in a realistic mission scenario (colored gradiometer noise) the gravity field solutions are quite insensitive to small orientation biases, random noise applied to the attitude information can have a considerable impact on the accuracy of the resolved gravity field models.  相似文献   
123.
A new generation of Earth gravity field models called GGM02 are derived using approximately 14 months of data spanning from April 2002 to December 2003 from the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE). Relative to the preceding generation, GGM01, there have been improvements to the data products, the gravity estimation methods and the background models. Based on the calibrated covariances, GGM02 (both the GRACE-only model GGM02S and the combination model GGM02C) represents an improvement greater than a factor of two over the previous GGM01 models. Error estimates indicate a cumulative error less than 1 cm geoid height to spherical harmonic degree 70, which can be said to have met the GRACE minimum mission goals. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at  相似文献   
124.
The problem of “global height datum unification” is solved in the gravity potential space based on: (1) high-resolution local gravity field modeling, (2) geocentric coordinates of the reference benchmark, and (3) a known value of the geoid’s potential. The high-resolution local gravity field model is derived based on a solution of the fixed-free two-boundary-value problem of the Earth’s gravity field using (a) potential difference values (from precise leveling), (b) modulus of the gravity vector (from gravimetry), (c) astronomical longitude and latitude (from geodetic astronomy and/or combination of (GNSS) Global Navigation Satellite System observations with total station measurements), (d) and satellite altimetry. Knowing the height of the reference benchmark in the national height system and its geocentric GNSS coordinates, and using the derived high-resolution local gravity field model, the gravity potential value of the zero point of the height system is computed. The difference between the derived gravity potential value of the zero point of the height system and the geoid’s potential value is computed. This potential difference gives the offset of the zero point of the height system from geoid in the “potential space”, which is transferred into “geometry space” using the transformation formula derived in this paper. The method was applied to the computation of the offset of the zero point of the Iranian height datum from the geoid’s potential value W 0=62636855.8 m2/s2. According to the geometry space computations, the height datum of Iran is 0.09 m below the geoid.  相似文献   
125.
1998-1999年对转光膜在和田市定点试验和大田示范,转光膜具有比普通膜更明显的增温及提高棉花苗期抗低温能力、促进棉花生长发育的作用。棉田使用转光膜后,可提高棉花品质,增产增收效果显著。  相似文献   
126.
地磁场与气候变化关系的新探索   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5  
对地磁场与气候变化的统计研究早已表明,二者有很好的相关关系。本文的目的是对它们的关系给出一种可能的物理解释。利用近600年的地磁场模型资料和全球平均温度序列分析了两者变化的关系,发现它们有很好的对应,且地磁场变化超前于全球气温变化。从地磁场的变化来看,21世纪初全球变暖的趋势应该减缓。文中对地表浅层热场(地热带、火山和地温场)的分布特征与地球内部软流圈-岩石圈边界上焦耳热场的分布特征进行了对比分析。结果表明,地表浅层热场与地球深层焦耳热的分布有很好的对应关系,这可能暗示地表浅层热场是地球深层焦耳热的反映,地磁场通过焦耳热的不断释旋影响气候变化。  相似文献   
127.
阿尔金地区构造应力场及其对金属矿产分布的控制作用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
构造应力场研究可以为区域矿产预测提供依据。主要根据节理、擦痕的测试分析,结合区域构造解析,确定阿尔金山东西向拉配泉--红柳沟构造带经历了三期不同方向的应力作用:印支期以前的南北向挤压作用,印支-燕山期的北西-南东向的挤压和中生代晚期-新生代北东东-南南西向的挤压;并利用有限元数值模拟前两期构造应力场的演变过程,进而讨论了区域构造应力场对内生金属矿产分布规律的控制作用指出了区域寻找大型内生金属矿产的有利地段。  相似文献   
128.
长江三峡工程正常蓄水位为175m,在蓄水过程中随着库水位的抬升,必然会引起库岸边坡地下水渗流场的变化。运用3D-Modflow软件模拟了三峡工程的蓄水过程中奉节库段边坡岩土体内部地下水位的动态变化,为长江三峡工程奉节库区段移民迁建地质灾害预测与防治提供科学依据。  相似文献   
129.
华南加里东期金矿床的基本特征   总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17  
文章分析了安徽月山矿田夕卡岩型矿床形成过程中水岩作用的类型和特征。估算和讨论了水岩作用过程中的质量-体积变化和动力学问题。结论认为:水岩作用对流体成矿系统中夕卡岩和蚀变矿化作用的发生、发展,成矿流体的形成,成矿物质的富集,矿床定位等具有重要意义;水岩作用的水岩比值(W/R)小于0.1;夕卡岩和矿化蚀变分带是开放体系一系列溶解沉淀波反应前锋发生水岩反应后矿物和元素组合的时空分离的结果。  相似文献   
130.
大西洋洋中脊TAG热液区中块状硫化物的Os同位素研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
新测得TAG热液区中5件海底块状硫化物样品的锇含量及其同位素组成,187Os/186Os比值在2.305~7.879之间,均值为5.986,介于现代海水和上部洋壳岩石的锇同位素组成之间,表明该区海底块状硫化物中锇是海水和上部洋壳来源锇混合的产物.在海底热液循环过程中,海水的混入对该区热液流体的Os浓度及其同位素组成产生了明显的影响。  相似文献   
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