Evaluation of predictors of non‐linear seismic demands using ‘fishbone’ models of SMRF buildings     

Nicolas Luco  Yasuhiro Mori  Yosuke Funahashi  C. Allin Cornell  Masayoshi Nakashima 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(14):2267-2288

Predictors (or estimates) of seismic structural demands that are less computationally time‐consuming than non‐linear dynamic analysis can be useful for structural performance assessment and for design. In this paper, we evaluate the bias and precision of predictors that make use of, at most, (i) elastic modal vibration properties of the given structure, (ii) the results of a non‐linear static pushover analysis of the structure, and (iii) elastic and inelastic single‐degree‐of‐freedom time‐history analyses for the specified ground motion record. The main predictor of interest is an extension of first‐mode elastic spectral acceleration that additionally takes into account both the second‐mode contribution to (elastic) structural response and the effects of inelasticity. This predictor is evaluated with respect to non‐linear dynamic analysis results for ‘fishbone’ models of steel moment‐resisting frame (SMRF) buildings. The relatively small number of degrees of freedom for each fishbone model allows us to consider several short‐to‐long period buildings and numerous near‐ and far‐field earthquake ground motions of interest in both Japan and the U.S. Before doing so, though, we verify that estimates of the bias and precision of the predictor obtained using fishbone models are effectively equivalent to those based on typical ‘full‐frame’ models of the same buildings. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

地震荷载作用下温度和围压对冻土强度影响的试验研究   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6  

吴志坚  马巍  王兰民  程建君  冯文杰 《冰川冻土》2003,25(6):648-652

通过对重塑冻结兰州黄土的动三轴试验，较系统研究了地震荷载作用下冻土的动强度特性，并且定量研究了其在不同温度(-2℃、-5℃、-7℃)和围压(1MPa、3MPa、5MPa)条件下的变化规律．结果发现：冻结黄土的动抗剪强度随围压的增大、温度的降低、振次的减少而增大；动粘聚力Cd随振次的减小和温度的降低而增大；动内摩擦角吼随振次的增大和温度的降低而增大。  相似文献   

盆山耦合与沉积作用   总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16  

李继亮  肖文交  闫臻 《沉积学报》2003,21(1):52-60

盆山耦合是重要的地质现象。根据动力学机制 ,可以识别出 6种盆山耦合类型 :引张、挤压、走滑引张、走滑挤压、垂直应力和冲击。本文讨论各种盆山耦合类型的构造特征和典型的沉积作用。  相似文献   

视点相关实时LoD地形模型动态构网算法   总被引：28，自引：2，他引：28  

王源  刘建永  江南  俞高宇 《测绘学报》2003,32(1):47-52

论述了一种视点相关实时LoD地形模型动态构网算法。基于GRID数据，以直角三角形为基本单元，利用二叉树构建地形的层次结构，兼具GRID与不规则三角网（TIN）的优点；并且解决了模型带来的“裂缝”问题。视景体可见区域多分辨率地形生成时，通过地形面片自身复杂程度、地形面片与视点距离以及地形面片与视线间的方向关系三方面确定该面片的绘制分辨率。实验结果表明，该算法在保持地形场景逼真的情况下，极大地提高了绘制速度，满足了实时交互的要求。  相似文献   

基于GIS和SD方法的社会经济发展与生态环境响应动态模拟预测研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

余洁  边馥苓  胡炳清 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(1):18-24

在着重于空间现象分析处理的GIS与动态模拟的SD方法结合的模式下，动态模拟预测了不同社会经济发展策略对生态环境的影响，揭示了生态经济系统社会经济发展与生态环境相互影响关系，为区域可持续发展提供决策支持服务。  相似文献   

虚拟加工环境中的工件动态建模方法研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

罗亚波  陈定方  肖田元 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(2):238-241

提出并实现了基于平面纹理映射的基元立方体构造方法，以之为动态结点建立了动态八叉树结构，实现了支持变精度动态建模的自相似递归算法。该算法确保离正在加工的部位更近的区域有更高的精度，并采用C^ Builder和OpenGL构造了一个集成于虚拟加工环境的可加工工件模型。  相似文献   

基于GPS基准站网的GPS测量   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

胡丛玮  刘大杰 《现代测绘》2003,26(1):10-13

采用基于GPS基准网的GPS测量可以提高GPS测量的可靠性和准确性 ,可以消除和减小GPS测量观测值中与时间和空间相关的大气误差和轨道误差的影响 ,使中、长距离快速静态定位和RTK动态定位成为现实 ,还具有可直接得到WGS84Z坐标等优点。本文介绍基于GPS基准站网的GPS测量 ,简要地论述GPS虚拟参考站法VRS和区域改正数法FKP的原理、方法和特点 ,以及目前实施中存在的一些问题  相似文献   

基桩缺陷逐步能量恢复递推定量分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张献民  蔡靖  王建华 《岩土力学》2003,(Z2)

通过大量正演计算,对不同桩周土条件下缺陷程度与时域速度响应波形中入射波波幅与反射波波幅的比值进行了相关性分析,拟合出桩侧土为粘土、砂土、粉土条件下桩径变化程度与波幅比之间的关系式。通过理论分析,在基桩存在多缺陷时,导出了缩颈与扩颈对下一个缺陷引起的反射波幅值的影响系数,进而,提出了逐步能量恢复递推缺陷程度的理论与方法,在时间域中,实现了基桩存在多缺陷时的低应变动测缺陷量化分析。模型桩试验分析结果表明,缺陷量化分析方法可取得显著效果。  相似文献   

Researches on Cartographic Database-Based Interactive Three-Dimensional Topographic Map     

JiangWenping XiDaping 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(4):374-380

With the development of computer graphics, the three-dimensional (3D) visualization brings new technological revolution to the traditional cartography. Therefore, the topographic 3D-map emerges to adapt to this technological revolution, and the applications of topographic 3D-map are spread rapidly to other relevant fields due to its incomparable advantage. The researches on digital map and the construction of map database offer strong technical support and abundant data source for this new technology, so the research and development of topographic 3D-map will receive greater concern. The basic data of the topographic 3D-map are rooted mainly in digital map and its basic model is derived from digital elevation model (DEM) and 3D-models of other DEM-based geographic features. In view of the potential enormous data and the complexity of geographic features, the dynamic representation of geographic information becomes the focus of the research of topographic 3D-map and also the prerequisite condition of 3D query and analysis. In addition to the equipment of hardware that are restraining, to a certain extent, the 3D representation, the data organization structure of geographic information will be the core problem of research on 3D-map. Level of detail (LOD). space partitioning, dynamic object loading (DOL) and object culling are core technologies of the dynamic 3D representation. The objectselection, attribute-query and model-editing are important functions and interaction tools for users with 3D-maps provided by topographic 3D-map system, all of which are based on the data structure of the 3D-model. This paper discusses the basic theories, concepts and cardinal principles of topographic 3I)-map,expounds the basic way to organize the scene hierarchy of topographic 3D-map based on the node mechanism and studies the dynamic representation technologies of topographic 3D-map based on LOD, space partitioning, DOL and object culling. Moreover. such interactive operation functions are explored, in this paper, as spatial query, scene editing and management of topographic 3D-map. Finally, this paper describes briefly the applications of topographic 3D-map in its related fields.  相似文献   

地下水"恒流式"单井综合观测方法     

蔡作馨  程庆斌  杨鼎鸿  邓宁 《地震》2003,23(1):109-114

以探索水位与水化学单井综合观测新方法为目的，建立了改性动水位概念，即恒定小流量状态下的井孔动水位。理论分析和实验表明，改性动水位与同一井孔对应的静水位之间相差一恒定水位落差。根据这一结果，可将观测得到的改性动水位值订正成相对应的静水位值。由此建立了以改性动水位和传统水化学为观测对象的“恒流式”单井综合观测方法，从而实现了静水位与传统水化学的单井综合观测。  相似文献