藏东根多铀矿点元素地球化学特征     

王四利  陈友良  郭晓杰  孙悦  周君  刘志鹏 《铀矿地质》2013,29(4)

通过对藏东根多铀矿点的岩(矿)石进行化学组分、微量元素及稀土元素分析,笔者认为该矿点的砂岩、细晶岩矿化具有相同的成因和相同的热液来源,为典型的与碳酸盐化关系密切的热液型铀矿化.成因分析表明,铀矿化是侏罗纪早期(燕山早期)岩浆活动的产物,其物质来源于大陆上地壳,热液主要是大气降水形成的热水溶液.  相似文献   

Construction of inorganic elemental fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis of marine traditional Chinese medicine Meretricis concha from Rushan Bay     

Xia Wu  Kang Zheng  Fengjia Zhao  Yongjun Zheng  Yantuan Li 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(4):712-716

Meretricis concha is a kind of marine traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and has been commonly used for the treatment of asthma and scald burns. In order to investigate the relationship between the inorganic elemental fingerprint and the geographical origin identification of Meretricis concha, the elemental contents of M. concha from five sampling points in Rushan Bay have been determined by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Based on the contents of 14 inorganic elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn), the inorganic elemental fingerprint which well reflects the elemental characteristics was constructed. All the data from the five sampling points were discriminated with accuracy through hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principle component analysis (PCA), indicating that a four-factor model which could explain approximately 80% of the detection data was established, and the elements Al, As, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb could be viewed as the characteristic elements. This investigation suggests that the inorganic elemental fingerprint combined with multivariate statistical analysis is a promising method for verifying the geographical origin of M. concha, and this strategy should be valuable for the authenticity discrimination of some marine TCM.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地北部砂岩型铀矿地球化学研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

刘汉彬  李子颖  秦明宽  孙晔  韩娟  金贵善  李军杰 《地学前缘》2012,19(3):139-146

叙述了元素地球化学、同位素地球化学和有机地球化学等方面在鄂尔多斯盆地北部砂岩型铀矿的研究新进展。该区的研究成果丰硕。从元素地球化学的研究明确了矿石及其围岩的岩石地球化学特征,讨论了铀成矿的地质环境,围岩与铀成矿的关系。利用同位素地球化学的方法厘定了铀的成矿时代,利用裂变径迹的研究构建了该区的地质热力学演化历史,推测了成矿时代与构造演化历史之间的联系。综合同位素地球化学,有机地球化学和地质热力学演化等多方面的观点讨论了铀源和成矿流体的来源及有机质在铀成矿中发挥的作用。  相似文献   

Major,Trace, and Rare Earth Elements in the Sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin: Their Source and Distribution     

J. N. Pattan  Pratima Jauhari 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):85-106

Abstract

A large number of surface sediments as well as short sediment cores collected in the Central Indian Ocean Basin have been subjected to various geochemical investigations during the last one and half decade. The studies varied, covering different aspects of sediments and resulting in a number of publications. In the present article, we have put together the data from 82 surface sediments and 14 short sediment cores, including 25 new analyses, to study the trend of their distribution and source at large. The distribution maps of elements show that highest concentrations of Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, and biogenic opal in the surface sediment occurs between 10°S and 16°S latitude, where diagenetic ferromanganese nodules rich in Mn, Cu, Ni, and Zn are present. The studies highlight that the excess element concentration (detrital unsupported) such as Mn, Cu, Ba, Ni, Co, Pb, and Zn have contributed >80% of their respective bulk composition. These excess elements exhibit strong positive correlation with each other suggesting their association with a single authigenic phase such as Mn oxide. Biogenic opal contributes 30–50% of the total silica in the siliceous sediment. Aluminum, Fe, and K have contributed >60% from terrigenous detrital source compared to their bulk composition. In calcareous ooze, Ca, and Sr excess contribute >95% while, in siliceous ooze it is only 50% of their bulk composition. Nearly 35% of structurally unsupported Al in the sediment raises doubt of using Al as a terrigenous index element to normalize the trace and minor elements. Biogenic apatite is evident by the positive correlation between Ca (<1%) and P. Calcium, Sr, and P depict a common source such as biogenic. Bulk element concentration such as Li, V, Cr, Sc, and Zr are positively correlated with Ti indicating their terrigenous detrital source. Rare earth element (REE) concentration increases from calcareous ooze to siliceous ooze and reaches a maximum in the red clay. Presence of positive Eu-anomaly in these sediments has been attributed to aeolian input. REE in these sediments are mostly carried by authigenic phases such as manganese oxide and biogenic apatite. Based on the distribution of transition elements in the sediment cores, three distinct zones—oxic at top, suboxic at intermediate depth, and a subsurface maxima—have been identified. Oxic and suboxic zones are incidentally associated with high and low micronodule abundance in the coarse fraction (>63 μm) respectively. Ash layers encountered at intermediate depth between 10 to 35 cm are correlative with the Youngest Toba eruption of ～74ka from Northern Sumatra. This ash is mainly responsible for the high bulk Al/Ti ratio up to 48.5 (three times higher than Post Archean Australian Shale), other than scavenging of dissolved Al by biogenic components.  相似文献   

Biomass,carbon ingestion,and ammonia excretion by zooplankton associated with an upwelling plume in western Cook Strait,New Zealand     

Mark R. James  Vaughan H. Wilkinson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):249-257

The biomass, elemental composition, and rates of ingestion and excretion by macrozoo‐plankon associated with the upwelling plume off the north‐west coast of the South Island, New Zealand, were investigated in March‐April 1983. Ingestion and excretion rates of the major zoo‐plankton species were combined with abundance data to determine the spatial and temporal variability which may influence phytoplankton dynamics in the plume system. Zooplankton biomass near Cape Kahurangi was dominated by small copepods like Acartia ensifera (up to 60%). In the South Tar‐anaki Bight, larval and adult forms of the euphau‐siid Nyctiphanes australis commonly contributed up to 60% of biomass. However, the carbon ingestion and ammonia excretion patterns of N. australis were spatially displaced from those of the total zooplankton community in the South Taranaki Bight because of higher weight‐specific metabolic rates for the smaller copepods. Close to the focus of the upwelling near the Kahurangi Shoals, grazing pressure on the phytoplankton was high, but as the upwelled water was advected into the Taranaki Bight, carbon production exceeded utilisation by zooplankton. Relatively high rates of ammonia excretion were also associated with peak zooplankton biomass near the Kahurangi Shoals and in the eastern Taranaki Bight.  相似文献   

泰山PM10及其中化学成分变化特征     

车浩驰  王亚强  杨筠  沈小静  张璐  王德众 《气候变化研究进展》2014,10(6):399-407

为研究华北平原区域背景气溶胶成分及其变化特征,2010年6月至2011年7月在泰山顶采集了64个PM10滤膜样品,分析了样品的PM10及其中无机盐离子和有机碳（OC）、元素碳（EC）的质量浓度,并对各成分相关性等进行了分析。泰山PM10年均质量浓度约为68.4 mg/m³,其中无机盐离子约占总质量的64.8%,碳气溶胶约占17.4%。无机盐离子的质量浓度从春季逐渐增大,夏季达到峰值,秋季下降,冬季最小;OC质量浓度从春季至秋季逐渐增高,冬季最低,EC变化类似,但夏秋两季差别不大。二次有机碳（SOC）与OC的比值四季均在50%以上,年均值约为58.5%。通过后向轨迹聚类分析发现,在经过城市的较短轨迹以及南方较短混合轨迹的影响下,泰山PM10质量浓度较高,而西北长距离传输气团PM10浓度均较低。  相似文献   

Chemical evolution of high-mass stars in close binaries – I. The eclipsing binary V453 Cygni     

K. Pavlovski  J. Southworth 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,394(3):1519-1528

The eclipsing and double-lined spectroscopic binary system V453 Cygni consists of two early B-type stars, one of which is nearing the terminal age main sequence and one which is roughly halfway through its main-sequence lifetime. Accurate measurements of the masses and radii of the two stars are available, which makes a detailed abundance analysis both more interesting and more precise than for isolated stars. We have reconstructed the spectra of the individual components of V453 Cyg from the observed composite spectra using the technique of spectral disentangling. From these disentangled spectra, we have obtained improved effective temperature measurements of  27 900 ± 400  and  26 200 ± 500 K  , for the primary and secondary stars, respectively, by fitting non local thermodynamic equilibrium theoretical line profiles to the hydrogen Balmer lines. Armed with these high-precision effective temperatures and the accurately known surface gravities of the stars we have obtained the abundances of helium and metallic elements. A detailed abundance analysis of the primary star shows a normal (solar) helium abundance if the microturbulence velocity derived from metallic lines is used. The elemental abundances show no indication that CNO-processed material is present in the photosphere of this high-mass terminal age main-sequence star. The elemental abundances of the secondary star were derived by a differential study against a template spectrum of a star with similar characteristics. Both the primary and secondary components display elemental abundances which are in the ranges observed in the Galactic OB stars.  相似文献   

简评碳气溶胶观测研究中的不确定性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

屈文军  王亚强  王丹  盛立芳 《气候与环境研究》2009,14(2):201-217

大气碳气溶胶具有重要的气候效应,但其观测研究中的不确定性还很大。作者对目前应用较广泛的气溶胶有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)采样观测和分析方法(包括光学法、热学法、热光学法及光学和热学实时在线观测方法)进行了评述。石英滤膜采集和实验室热光学分析方法应用较多,但在升温程序设置、OC/EC的划分和裂解碳校正方面还存在问题,而且需要准确评价样品采集过程中有机气体吸附和滤膜上已采集颗粒物挥发导致的采样偏差。光学和热学在线观测方法有助于避免采样和后期处理过程对颗粒物性质的改变,有利于反映颗粒物在大气中的初始特性,但此类方法尚需改进。对二次有机碳(SOC)的估算,采用将源直接排放的OC进一步划分为燃烧源排放和非燃烧源排放的方案可能更为准确。关于有机物质质量(OM)的估算,尚需开展相关研究以确定适合我国不同环境气溶胶特点的OM/OC估算因子。我国科学家应在碳气溶胶观测方法的改进和完善中做出应有的贡献,努力建立适合我国气溶胶特点的碳气溶胶观测方案和规范。  相似文献   

Characteristics of Elemental Composition of PM2.5 in the Spring Period at Tongyu in the Semi-arid Region of Northeast China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

ZHANG Renjian  FU Congbin  HAN Zhiwei  ZHU Chongshu 《大气科学进展》2008,25(6):922-931

Continuous observations of mass concentration and elemental composition of aerosol particles （PM2.5） were conducted at Tongyu, a semi-arid site in Northeast China in the spring of 2006. The average mass concentration of PM2.5 at Tongyu station was 260.9±274.4 μg m^-3 during the observation period. Nine dust events were monitored with a mean concentration of 528.0±302.7 μgm^-3. The PM2.5 level during non- dust storm （NDS） period was 111.65±63.37 μg m^-3. High mass concentration shows that fine-size particles pollution was very serious in the semi-arid area in Northeast China. The enrichment factor values for crust elements during the dust storm （DS） period are close to those in the NDS period, while the enrichment factor values for pollution elements during the NDS period are much higher than those in the DS period, showing these elements were from anthropogenic sources. The ratios of dust elements to Fe were relative constant during the DS period. The Ca/Fe ratio in dust aerosols at Tongyu is remarkably different from that observed in other source regions and downwind regions. Meteorological analysis shows that dust events at Tongyu are usually associated with dry, low pressure and high wind speed weather conditions. Air mass back-trajectory analysis identified three kinds of general pathways were associated with the aerosol particle transport to Tongyu, and the northwest direction pathway was the main transport route.  相似文献   

苏鲁造山带A型花岗岩的元素地球化学及其成因   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王涛  刘燊  胡瑞忠  冯彩霞  齐有强  冯光英  王长华 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(4)

苏鲁造山带花岗岩SiO2质量分数变化范围为71.3%~74.5%,以富碱(Na2O+K2O为8.66%~9.60%)、高钾(K2O为4.95%~5.89%)、富轻稀土元素而亏损重稀土元素、明显的负铕异常(δEu=0.51~0.61)、较高的Ga/Al(×104)比值(2.85~3.41)和Zr+Nb+Ce+Y值(384~714)×10-6、富集Rb、Th、K、La、Nd、Hf、Zr和Pb以及亏损Ba、Ta、P和Ti为特征。主微量元素研究表明,所研究花岗岩为过铝质(A/KNC为1.90~2.17)A型花岗岩,为华北板块富集岩石圈地幔的部分熔融的产物。岩浆在上升侵位的过程中没有受到地壳物质的混染,但在成岩过程中存在斜长石、钾长石、黑云母、磷灰石和钛铁矿等矿物的分离结晶作用,锆石饱和温度计算表明岩浆的结晶温度大致为876~961℃。  相似文献