海口机场一次强雷雨天气分析     

王锡东 《气象研究与应用》2000,21(4):18-20,23

分析了产生海口机场一次强大雷雨的环流背景特征和水汽场、能量场、散度场等物理场的特征.指出副高断成两环,昆明高压的建立,中南半岛低压东伸是触发此次雷雨的机制.  相似文献   

Overview of the geology, petrology and tectonic framework of the high-pressure–ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt of the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan     

S. Maruyama  C. D. Parkinson. 《Island Arc》2000,9(3):439-455

Abstract High‐ to ultrahigh‐pressure metamorphic (HP–UHPM) rocks crop out over 150 km along an east–west axis in the Kokchetav Massif of northern Kazakhstan. They are disposed within the Massif as a 2 km thick, subhorizontal pile of sheet‐like nappes, predominantly composed of interlayered pelitic and psammitic schists and gneisses, amphibolite and orthogneiss, with discontinuous boudins and lenses of eclogite, dolomitic marble, whiteschist and garnet pyroxenite. On the basis of predominating lithologies, we subdivided the nappe group into four north‐dipping, fault‐bounded orogen‐parallel units (I–IV, from base to top). Constituent metabasic rocks exhibit a systematic progression of metamorphic grades, from high‐pressure amphibolite through quartz–eclogite and coesite–eclogite to diamond–eclogite facies. Coesite, diamond and other mineral inclusions within zircon offer the best means by which to clarify the regional extent of UHPM, as they are effectively sequestered from the effects of fluids during retrogression. Inclusion distribution and conventional geothermobarometric determinations demonstrate that the highest grade metamorphic rocks (Unit II: T = 780–1000°C, P = 37–60 kbar) are restricted to a medial position within the nappe group, and metamorphic grade decreases towards both the top (Unit III: T = 730–750°C, P = 11–14 kbar; Unit IV: T = 530°C, P = 7.5–9 kbar) and bottom (Unit I: T = 570–680°C; P = 7–13.5 kbar). Metamorphic zonal boundaries and internal structural fabrics are subhorizontal, and the latter exhibit opposing senses of shear at the bottom (top‐to‐the‐north) and top (top‐to‐the‐south) of the pile. The orogen‐scale architecture of the massif is sandwich‐like, with the HP–UHPM nappe group juxtaposed across large‐scale subhorizontal faults, against underlying low P–T metapelites (Daulet Suite) at the base, and overlying feebly metamorphosed clastic and carbonate rocks (Unit V). The available structural and petrologic data strongly suggest that the HP–UHPM rocks were extruded as a sequence of thin sheets, from a root zone in the south toward the foreland in the north, and juxtaposed into the adjacent lower‐grade units at shallow crustal levels of around 10 km. The nappe pile suffered considerable differential internal displacements, as the 2 km thick sequence contains rocks exhumed from depths of up to 200 km in the core, and around 30–40 km at the margins. Consequently, wedge extrusion, perhaps triggered by slab‐breakoff, is the most likely tectonic mechanism to exhume the Kokchetav HP–UHPM rocks.  相似文献   

Two contrasting petrotectonic domains in the Kokchetav megamélange (north Kazakhstan): Difference in exhumation mechanisms of ultrahigh‐pressure crustal rocks,or a result of subsequent deformation?     

K. Theunissen  N. L. Dobretsov  A. Korsakov  A. Travin  V. S. Shatsky  L. Smirnova and  A. Boven 《Island Arc》2000,9(3):284-303

Abstract In northern Kazakhstan the WNW striking Kokchetav megamélange includes different crustal sequences with high‐pressure/ultrahigh‐pressure (HP/UHP) remnants of their 540–520 Ma subduction metamorphism. Two domains separated by the north‐east trending Chaglinka fault are distinguished. The western domain exhibits NE–SW structures within a single Kumdy–Kol megaunit of diamond‐bearing UHP metasediments and high‐temperature (HT) eclogites. The eastern domain consists of the composite Kulet megaunit with the Kulet UHP unit (coesite‐bearing metasediments, whiteschists and eclogites), the Enbek–Berlyk medium‐pressure (MP) unit (kyanite‐bearing, high‐alumina rocks with interleaved coronitic metagabbro), and ortho‐ and paragneisses with eclogites and amphibolites included. All eclogites in the eastern domain are of the relatively low temperature (LT) type. Sillimanite is common and appears after kyanite in the sheared MP unit. A regional and moderately ESE plunging linear fabric coincides with the fold‐axis of the foliation poles from the eastern domain. Whether this also reflects a regional top to the WNW transport, as inferred from the dextral strike‐slip on steeply to SSW dipping foliation, needs further study. Top to the WNW shear is shown by weakly inclined low pressure (LP) cordierite rocks that flank the eastern domain in the south. Some new ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar mica cooling ages (519, 521 Ma) from the Kulet UHP micaschists reflect the same early stage evolutionary event as was previously shown for the Kumdy–Kol UHP rocks (515, 517 Ma) in the west. Similar ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar ages (500, 517 Ma) are recorded by micas and amphibole that outline a top to NNW shear fabric in the non‐subducted Proterozoic basement, north of the megamélange. A 447 Ma overprint of the MP sequences is considered to reflect the strike‐slip deformation with sillimanite and the reworking of an early kyanite‐bearing tectonite. Biotites from the LP cordierite rocks yielded approximately 400 Ma ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar ages. In case they reflect the WNW shear deformation, the latter is considered to be associated with a regional granite magmatism (420–460 Ma) extending south of the eastern domain. In their present different structural domains the Kulet and Kumdy–Kol UHP units display a similar early stage event. Subsequent LP deformation, which is likely to be associated with regional granite magmatism (420–460 Ma), is assumed to have obliterated any common or uniform early exhumation structure for the whole megamélange. The north‐east structured Kumdy–Kol domain is assumed to have preserved the most information about the early stage exhumation. This domain is at an angle to the regional WNW strike of the megamélange.  相似文献   

NORTH QAIDAM ULTRAHIGH PRESSURE METAMORPHIC (UHPM) BELT ON THE NORTHEASTERN QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU AND ITS EASTWARD EXTENSION     

Yang Jingsui  Song Suguang  Wu Cailai  Shi Rendeng  Marc Jalivet 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

NORTH QAIDAM ULTRAHIGH PRESSURE METAMORPHIC (UHPM) BELT ON THE NORTHEASTERN QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU AND ITS EASTWARD EXTENSION1　YangJS ,XuZQ ,LiHB ,etal.DiscoveryofeclogiteatnorthernmarginofQaidambasin ,NWChina[J] .ChineseScienceBulletin,1998,4 3:1755～ 176 0 . 2　ZhangJX ,ZhangZM ,XuZQ ,etal.TheagesofU PbandSm NdforeclogitefromthewesternsegmentofAltynTaghtectonicbelt—theevidencesforexistenceofCaledonianorogenicroot[J] .ChineseScienc…  相似文献   

扬子板块俯冲加积杂岩的初步研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

周建波  郑永飞 《安徽地质》2000,(3)

根据大别—苏鲁造山带浅变质岩系的地质产状,本文将其与高压—超高压岩石一起作为大陆板块俯冲的加积杂岩来考虑,发现它们在岩石类型、变质时代和原岩性质等方面具有一定的可比性,因此可看作为扬子板块大陆俯冲的加积杂岩。由此根据板块俯冲的加积楔模型,对浅变质岩系的形成和演化过程进行了地球动力学解释,结果对扬子板块俯冲及其与华北板块碰撞的俯冲带和缝合带位置提供了制约。  相似文献   

橄榄石高温高压含水效应与光学性质实验研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

顾芷娟  孙天泽  张虹 《地球物理学进展》2000,15(4):36-40

高温高压下橄榄石（多晶）含水效应实验表明,水不但可进入矿物孔隙,且能进入其晶格中。从而与原（干）样相比,橄榄石显示了特有的光学性质和红外吸收谱带,矿物比重也下降约０．０２。这些变化可能是上地幔低速层成因的构成因素。  相似文献   

地壳岩石变形行为的转变及其温压条件   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

周永胜  何昌荣 《地震地质》2000,22(2):167-178

岩石脆延性转化 (brittle ductiletransition)和脆塑性转化 (brittle plastictransition)是不同的概念。脆延性转化指从岩石的局部变形破坏到宏观均匀流动变形的转化 ,它与宏观结构和力学行为的变化相关。脆塑性转化指脆性向晶体塑性变形的转化 ,它与力学行为和微观机制的变化相关。通过地壳中最主要的石英、长石的实验室和野外变形温压条件对比发现 ,达到相同的变形特征 ,在实验室和野外所需温压条件不同。建立变形机制图使解决这一矛盾成为可能。但受实验资料的限制 ,目前几种主要岩石的变形机制图还无法建立。因此 ,通过对实验与自然环境下变形特征及微观机制对比 ,找出两者温压条件的差别 ,就成为将实验研究结果外推解决实际地质问题的有效途径  相似文献   

含油气盆地油气成藏流体动力系统划分的方法     

康永尚 《水文地质工程地质》2000,27(2):54-55

流体动力系统是控制油气藏形成和分布的基本单元,在含油气盆地分析中,划分流体动力系统,确定流体动力系统的类型,进而按类型研究不同系统的成藏作用和没气藏分布规律,是指导油气勘探的一条有效途径。而在盆地内进行纵、横向上流体动力系统的划分,是一个基于构造、地层、温度、流体动力和流体化学等方面以及温度－压力关系综合分析的一个十分复杂的资料整理、信息加工和逻辑推理过程,其目的主要是在纵向上把控制油气成藏的不同  相似文献   

高压喷射注浆法产生的超孔隙水压分析          下载免费PDF全文

崔江余 《探矿工程》2000,(1):32-34

介绍了高载射注浆法的作用机理,探讨了在施工过程中高压喷射注浆法引起的超孔隙压。根据半无限土体中小孔扩张问题的解,分析了在超孔隙水压作用的瞬时,土体中的应力、变形等,并提出了经验公式。结合一具体工程事故的成功处理,验证了所建议超孔隙水压公式的可行性,同时提出了减少超孔隙水压的对策和方法。  相似文献   

结构性软土中打桩引起的超孔隙水压力   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16  

徐永福  傅德明 《岩土力学》2000,21(1):53-55

根据结构性土体的变形特征和屈服准则, 建立打桩力学模型。 原状土变形具有典型的应变软化现象, 土体破坏满足摩尔-库仑准则, 用柱孔扩张理论, 分析了超孔隙水压力的分布规律。  相似文献