Marine Mangrove Fungi   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

K. D. Hyde  E. B. G. Jones 《Marine Ecology》1988,9(1):15-33

Abstract. Driftwood, prop roots and other mangrove samples were collected from the intertidal regions of Brillant and Anse Boileau mangrove stands, in the Seychelles. This material was examined for the presence of higher marine fungi. Forty seven species of marine fungi were collected (37 Ascomycotina , 1 Basidiomycotina, 9 Deuteromycotina) , with Halocypluna villosu the most common fungus, while Aniptodera mungrovii, Antennospora quudricorruita, Halosarpheia marina , Ascomyccte sp. (4), and Lulworthiu grandispora were collected frequently. The mycota of the two mangrove stands arc compared. A list of fungi recorded from mangroves is compiled.  相似文献   

西天山乌拉根大规模铅锌成矿中H_2S成因:菌生结构和硫同位素组成约束   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈兴  薛春纪 《岩石学报》2016,32(5):1301-1314

乌拉根铅锌矿是中国西北地区目前探明金属量最大的铅锌矿床,但大规模成矿所需H2S的成因方式尚不清楚。在野外调查和矿相学观察基础上,论文通过场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、能谱(EDS)和质谱(MS)观测分析表明,矿石中发育闪锌矿纳米莓球、丝/管状结构,它们由他形闪锌矿微晶集合而成,莓球直径30~700nm,丝/管状结构与莓球密切共生;常见与闪锌矿等矿石矿物共生的方解石纳米莓球结构,由他形方解石微晶集合而成,莓球直径20~800nm;也常见与矿石矿物共生的菱铁矿微米莓球、丝/管状结构,它们由他形菱铁矿微晶集合而成,莓球直径1~3μm,表面毛糙,丝/管状结构常出现在莓球周围并连接着莓球。这些纳/微米莓球在矿石中成群落不均匀分布,属细菌微生物成因,丝/管状结构为胞外聚合物的表现。矿石δ34SCDT变化大且显著偏负值(-27.9‰~15.0‰)。乌拉根大规模铅锌硫化物成矿所需H2S可能主要通过细菌硫酸盐还原(BSR)产生,盆地流体中烃类有机质催化下的细菌微生物硫酸盐还原反应是乌拉根铅锌大规模成矿的重要过程。  相似文献   

重寄生菌对花棒锈病的抑制作用   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

袁秀英  白玉明  袁登胜 《中国沙漠》2006,26(6):1020-1023

花棒(Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.et Mey.)是优良的固沙先锋树种,花棒锈病（Uromyces onobrychidis (Desm.)Lév.）是花棒的常见病害之一,在一些地区严重制约了花棒的先锋固沙作用。本文对花棒锈病菌上的重寄生菌菌种来源、温度和碳源对重寄生菌菌丝生长及产孢的影响、室内接种试验、花棒锈病菌的重寄生现象及对花棒锈病的自然抑制力进行了研究。研究发现,花棒锈病菌的重寄生菌寄生于花棒锈病菌的夏孢子堆和冬孢子堆上,被重寄生菌寄生后,夏孢子堆由橙黄色变为灰白色,冬孢子堆由棕褐色变为灰色,后期夏孢子失去萌发力,孢子堆原基处只存有重寄生菌的分生孢子器。重寄生菌在20～25℃ PDA培养基上产孢量大。重寄生菌为Sphaerellopsis sp.,是一种自然重寄生现象,并对花棒锈病有很强的抑制作用,如果充分利用这一生物链,人工干预这一现象的早发和多发,可以有效提高花棒固沙能力的发挥,其潜质意义很大,是以菌治病、以菌哺林的新资源。  相似文献   

不同种类微生物及其碳酸酐酶对CO_2-H_2O-碳酸盐系统中碳酸盐岩的溶蚀作用     

申泰铭  邢必果  李为  余龙江 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2014,33(6)

以从西南岩溶地区土壤中筛选出来的产碳酸酐酶(CA)的典型细菌、真菌和放线菌为材料,研究比较了不同种类微生物及其CA对CO2-H2O-碳酸盐系统中碳酸盐岩的溶蚀作用。结果表明,实验所用的3种典型微生物均对石灰岩和白云岩有明显溶蚀作用,真菌的溶蚀效果最显著,而且微生物CA对石灰岩具有明显的酶促溶蚀效果。微生物对石灰岩的溶蚀能力强于白云岩,加入石灰岩的真菌试验组中Ca2+浓度比加入白云岩的真菌试验组高8.0%,而且,真菌CA对白云岩的溶蚀能力明显强于石灰岩。上述结果为研究微生物及其CA在岩溶碳汇中的作用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

一株岩生真菌对白云岩中稀土元素溶出、迁移和富集影响的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

窦传伟  连宾 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2010,29(1):57-62

选用一株从碳酸盐岩表面分离的真菌,研究了实验条件下岩生真菌对白云岩中稀土元素的溶出、迁移和富集作用过程。通过分析不同培养时间真菌培养液上清液及菌丝体稀土元素浓度和组成特征,研究了真菌生命活动对稀土元素行为的影响,探讨了微生物影响稀土元素行为的机制。结果表明,该株真菌对白云岩中稀土元素的溶出、迁移和富集有一定的作用,真菌的活动可以提高稀土元素溶出量,使Ce相对活化,对Eu则有抑制作用,培养液上清液和真菌菌丝体均具富Ce贫Eu的特征;真菌生长产生的酸性环境、氧化还原作用、代谢产物的络合作用,以及真菌菌丝体的直接吸收和吸附作用,是该株真菌影响稀土元素行为的主要机制。  相似文献   

Effect of salinity on the growth, biological activity and secondary metabolites of some marine fungi     

HUANG Jingjing  LU Chunhu  QIAN Xiaoming  HUANG Yaojian  ZHENG Zhonghui  SHEN Yuemao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(3):118-123

The study investigated the effects of salinity on growth,antimicrobial activities and secondary metabolites of 47 marine filamentous fungi isolated from the East China Sea near the western shore of the Taiwan Straits.The results indicate that NaCl promoted the growth up to 91.5% of test strains.However,only 14.9% of them showed a significant increase of antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans.When incubated in different concentrations of NaCl,the colony growth, antimicrobial activities and composition of secondary metabolites of the strain Ty01b-8 of Penicillium sp.varied.Treatment with KCl also showed a similar effect.An alkaloid isolated from the fermentation broth of Ty01b-8 was identified as chrysogine,inhibition activity of which against Hela cells was 15.05% at 20 μ g/ml,and yield was 4.4 and 4.9 times higher in 3 percent and 6 percent NaCl treatments,respectively, compared with the non-salt culture condition. These findings prove that salinity is an important factor influencing growth and secondary metabolites of some marine fungi,which can be used to screen for new metabolites from marine fungi,and to enhance their metabolites production in industrial fermentation.  相似文献   

Airborne Microorganisms Emitted from Wastewater Treatment Plant Treating Domestic Wastewater and Meat Processing Industry Wastes     

Anna Gotkowska‐Płachta  Zofia Filipkowska  Ewa Korzeniewska  Wojciech Janczukowicz  Beverly Dixon  Iwona Gołaś  Damian Szwalgin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(5):429-436

Experiments were conducted to study the airborne microbial contamination generated by a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Aerosol samples were collected simultaneously, by sedimentation and impact methods, from the area and the surroundings of the WWTP. Total colony forming units (CFUs) of heterotrophic bacteria (HPC), as well as members of the Enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci, enterococci, actinomycetes, and microscopic fungi were determined. Bacterial (HPC) concentrations ranged between 10¹ and 10⁴ CFU/m³, fungi 0 and 10⁴ CFU/m³. Higher numbers of HPC bacteria in air samples were observed in summer, fungi in autumn. The main emission of microorganisms to atmospheric air was from the mechanical sewage treatment devices of the WWTP. The facilities of the biological sewage treatment of the plant did not generate large amounts of bioaerosols. In the air obtained from the premises of the WWTP, 25 species of the Enterobacteriaceae were isolated (Salmonella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli). At the fence and in the surroundings only Pantoea spp. were identified. This suggests that the sewage bacteria were mainly discharged in the area of the WWTP. The presence of enteric bacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae reflects the level of air pollution with bioaerosols from sewage and is an important factor during monitoring the quality of the air around WWTPs.  相似文献   

米槠天然林土壤真菌对N2O产生的贡献     

章伟  高人  陈仕东  马红亮  高艳  朱祥妹  尹云锋  杨玉盛  官惠玲 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2013,(2):28-34

研究表明亚热带地区森林土壤硝化和反硝化能力都非常低,但却是全球N2O最大的自然源之一,因而推测极有可能存在N2O潜在源未被认识,有迹象表明真菌最有可能是这一潜在源的贡献者,但实际研究证据并不多．为此本研究以中亚热带地区典型常绿阔叶林——武夷山自然保护区米槠天然林土壤为对象,利用室内基质诱导呼吸选择抑制方法,研究在水分60％WHC和温度25℃条件下土壤真菌细菌活性比及其对N2O产生的相对贡献．结果显示真菌和细菌的活性比例分别是0．7±0．3和0．3±0．1,前者显著大于后者（P〈0．05）,真菌与细菌的活性比为2．00±1．00;与对照相比,添加放线菌酮（真菌抑制剂）处理N2O产生速率减少了50．8±11．3％,添加链霉素（细菌抑制剂）处理则减少了43．7±11．8％,前者减少是后者的1．15倍,但差异不显著．研究结果表明该米槠天然林土壤在给定实验条件下真菌活性比细菌的大,但二者对土壤N2O产生的贡献几乎相等．基质诱导呼吸选择抑制方法具有较多的限制条件,若得出可靠结论,还应该利用包括生物化学、分子生物学方法在内的多种方法进行相互验证．同时今后应加强真菌产生N2O途径及机理研究．  相似文献   

Removal of Phenol by Immobilization of Trametes versicolor in Silica–Alginate–Fungus Biocomposites and Loofa Sponge          下载免费PDF全文

Maira Carabajal  Mercedes Perullini  Matias Jobbágy  René Ullrich  Martin Hofrichter  Laura Levin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(2):180-188

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Cellular Response to Cu‐ and Zn‐Induced Oxidative Stress in Aspergillus fumigatus Isolated From Polluted Soils in Bulgaria          下载免费PDF全文

Ekaterina Krumova  Nedelina Kostadinova  Jeny Miteva‐Staleva  Vitalii Gryshko  Maria Angelova 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(6):657-666

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