The influence of environmental characteristics on fish larvae spatial patterns related to a marine protected area: The Medes islands (NW Mediterranean)     

ngel Lpez-Sanz  Vanessa Stelzenmüller  Francesc Maynou  Ana Sabats 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,92(4):187

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Waste feed from coastal fish farms: A trophic subsidy with compositional side-effects for wild gadoids     

Damian Fernandez-Jover  Laura Martinez-Rubio  Pablo Sanchez-Jerez  Just T. Bayle-Sempere  Jose Angel Lopez Jimenez  Francisco Javier Martínez Lopez  Pl-Arne Bjrn  Ingebrigt Uglem  Tim Dempster 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,91(4):666

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A diagnostic modelling framework to construct indices of biotic integrity: A case study of fish in the Zeeschelde estuary (Belgium)     

Paul Quataert  Pieter Verschelde 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,94(3):222-233

We propose a coherent regression model building framework to construct fish-based indices. More specifically, we concentrate on the selection of an optimal set of metrics which remains a difficult problem. The paper departs from the observation that an index of biotic integrity (IBI) is analogous to a diagnostic model in medicine assessing the health condition of a patient from a series of biomarkers. In the same vein, an IBI is a diagnostic model predicting the ecosystem condition of a site from a set of (scored) metrics. Metrics are community attributes sensitive to anthropogenic pressure and their scores express the “distance to target” to a reference condition. In a medical context, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are commonly used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of laboratory tests. An ROC curve plots the sensitivity of a test (Se; the capacity to detect a disease or degradation) as a function of its false positive fraction (FPF) which is the complement of the specificity (Sp = 1 - FPF; the capacity to recognise a healthy person or a reference condition). The ROC curve represents the strength of the index to discriminate between degraded and reference sites. Higher curves correspond to stronger tests as then a higher sensitivity can be combined with a lower false positive fraction. Hence, it is intuitively clear to use summary statistics of the ROC curve as criteria to optimise medical tests or biotic indices. In this paper, we illustrate the value of this modelling framework with a case study in the Zeeschelde estuary in Belgium. In essence, a “traditional” IBI is an average of metrics scoring relevant properties of the ecosystem. We demonstrate this average score model (AVG) is a special member of the more flexible predictive logistic model (PLM) family. The selection of a set of metrics becomes equivalent to variable selection in statistical model building. We apply model building techniques as best subsets regression to facilitate the search for an optimal suite of metrics from a candidate set and use cross-validation to avoid overfitting. The results show that a few metrics suffice to discriminate between most-impacted and least-impacted sites.  相似文献   

Diet of mid-Atlantic Sowerby's beaked whales Mesoplondon bidens     

J.N. Pereira  V.C. Neves  R. Prieto  M.A. Silva  I. Cascão  C. Oliveira  M.J. Cruz  J.V. Medeiros  J.P. Barreiros  F.M. Porteiro  D. Clarke 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(11):1084-1090

The first mid-Atlantic diet of Mesoplodon beaked whales is presented, from ten Sowerby's Mesoplodon bidens stranded in the Azores region between 2002 and 2009. This doubles the worldwide number of stomachs sampled, and reveals new feeding habits for this species. The mean number of prey items per stomach was 85±89 (range: 12–238), with fish accounting for 99.3% and cephalopods contributing less than 1% of total prey. Fish otoliths from 15 families and cephalopod lower mandibles from three families were identified, representing 22 taxa. The diet consisted mainly of small mid-water fish, the most numerous being Diaphus sp., Lampanyctus sp. and Melamphaidae species. Myctophids were present in all stranded individuals, followed by Diretmidae, Melamphaidae and Opisthoproctus soleatus, while the remaining fish species were scarce or single occurrences. Consistency of diet in four different years reveals a divergence from all previous records in continental areas, where mainly neritic and shelf-break benthopelagic fish species have been reported. Mid-Atlantic Sowerby's beaked whales' showed dietary plasticity, feeding on the most abundant mid-water groups occurring between 0 and750 m. Trophic level from prey numerical frequency was estimated at 4.4±0.46.  相似文献   

Species composition and diversity of pelagic fishes based on a longline fishery catch in the North Pacific Ocean     

朱江峰  戴小杰  陈勇 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(2)

Evaluation of spatial-temporal variability of species composition and diversity in oceanic ecosystems is not easy because it is usually difficult to obtain sufficient data quantifying such variability.In this study,we examined pelagic species diversity indicators,species richness,Shannon-Wiener index of diversity and Hurlbert's species evenness,for fish assemblages from two areas(north and south) in the North Pacific Ocean(2°±12°N,178°E±165°W) during May±July 2008.The assemblages were based on data collecte...  相似文献   

大亚湾春秋季鱼类种类组成及年龄结构分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

金亮  徐华林  张志敏  杨锡凯  王英永  卢昌义 《台湾海峡》2011,30(1):71-80

2006年4月和9月对大亚湾海域通过拖网和流刺网捕获的鱼类进行初步调查.结果表明,渔获物中出现18目76科135属200种鱼类,其中软骨鱼纲4目5科5属6种,占调查鱼类总种数的3.0%;硬骨鱼纲14目71科130属194种,占调查鱼类总种数的97.0%.根据其适温类型可分为暖水性种、暖温性种和冷温性种,其中暖水性鱼类有183种,占总种数的91.5%;暖温性鱼类有16种,占总种数的8.0%;冷温性鱼类仅有1种,占总种数的0.5%.渔获物中底层和近底层鱼类占多数,其中,底层鱼类共有74种,占总种数的37.0%;近底层鱼类共有68种,占总种数的34.0%;中上层鱼类共有45种,占总种数的22.5%;岩礁鱼类有13种,占总种数的6.5%.大亚湾鱼类的年龄普遍偏低,以1 a龄鱼为主.与相邻海区鱼类区系特征比较,大亚湾海域具有我国热带和亚热带性海湾的鱼类区系特征.  相似文献   

黑碳添加对杉木人工林土壤微生物量碳氮的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李芳芳  高人  尹云锋  杨玉盛  马红亮  李淑香 《福建地理》2011,(4):49-54

向杉木人工林土壤中分别添加不同用量黑碳,以0％（C0）、1％（C1）和5％（C5）添加量（质量分数）作为不同处理,通过28d室内培养实验,研究了黑碳添加对土壤微生物量碳（ymc）和微生物量氮（MBN）的影响．结果表明,各处理土攘MBC含量变化趋势是前期急剧减少,后期增加,并趋于稳定;黑碳添加在一定程度上缓解了土壤MBN含量的减少,并随着黑碳添加量的增加,土壤MBN含量呈现增加的趋势．整个培养过程中,除第1d外,黑碳添加处理的土壤MBC和MBN含量始终高于对照处理,C5〉C1〉CO．同时,土壤可溶性碳（DOC）和可溶性氮（DON）含量也因黑碳的添加而呈现减少的趋势．  相似文献   

黑碳添加对杉木人工林土壤微生物量碳氮的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李芳芳  高人  尹云锋  杨玉盛  马红亮  李淑香 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2011,6(4):49-54

向杉木人工林土壤中分别添加不同用量黑碳,以0％（C0）、1％（C1）和5％（C5）添加量（质量分数）作为不同处理,通过28d室内培养实验,研究了黑碳添加对土壤微生物量碳（ymc）和微生物量氮（MBN）的影响．结果表明,各处理土攘MBC含量变化趋势是前期急剧减少,后期增加,并趋于稳定;黑碳添加在一定程度上缓解了土壤MBN...  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial variation in soil respiration of poplar plantations at different developmental stages in Xinjiang, China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

M. Yan  X. Zhang  G. ZhouJ. Gong  X. You 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(1):51-57

Soil respiration is essential for the understanding of carbon sequestration of forest plantations. Soil respiration of poplar plantations at three developmental stages was investigated in 2007 and 2008. The results showed that mean soil respiration rate was 5.74, 5.10 and 4.71 μmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹ for stands of 2-, 7- and 12-year-old, respectively, during the growing season. Soil temperature decreased with increasing plantation age and canopy cover. As plantation matured, fine root biomass also declined. Multiple regression analysis suggested that soil temperature in the upper layer could explain 73-77% of the variation in soil respiration and fine root biomass in the upper layer could explain further 5-8%. The seasonal dynamics of soil respiration was mainly controlled by soil temperature rhythm and fine root growth since soil water availability remained adequate due to monthly irrigation. Spatial variability of soil respiration varied considerably among three age classes, with the coefficient of variation of 28.8%, 22.4% and 19.6% for stands of 2-, 7- and 12-year-old, respectively. The results highlight the importance of the development stage in soil carbon budget over a rotation, since both temporal and spatial variation in soil respiration displayed significant differences at different developmental stages.  相似文献   

湿地植被地上生物量遥感估算模型研究——以洪河湿地自然保护区为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李爽  张祖陆  周德民 《地理研究》2011,30(2):278-290

以洪河湿地自然保护区的TM图像和29个实测样地生物量数据为数据源,采用单变量线性和非线性回归、多元线性逐步回归及人工神经网络(BP网络、RBF网络)技术,构建了研究区内典型湿地植被(草甸和沼泽)的地上生物量干重和湿重的遥感估算模型,并对比得到最优模型。主要结论有:(1)RBF神经网络模型及多元非线性模型是研究区内湿地植被地上生物量遥感估算的最优模型,生物量干重估算值的平均相对误差为2.795%,生物量湿重估算值的平均相对误差为3.399%。(2)比较2004年8月、2006年8月和2008年8月研究区内草甸和沼泽总生物量可得,总生物量干重呈上升趋势,而总生物量湿重呈下降趋势。(3)研究区内生物量极高值和极低值分布较少,且主要集中于混合像元分布的地方,如岛状林、灌丛的周边地区或是沼泽内含水较多的地区。  相似文献